The influencing factors of clinical nurses' problem solving dilemma: a qualitative study.

Purpose: Problem solving has been defined as "a goal-directed sequence of cognitive and affective operations as well as behavioural responses to adapting to internal or external demands or challenges. Studies have shown that some nurses lack rational thinking and decision-making ability to identify patients' health problems and make clinical judgements, and have poor cognition and response to some clinical problems, easy to fall into problem-solving dilemma. This study aimed to understand the influencing factors of clinical nurses' problem solving dilemma, to provide a basis for developing training strategies and improving the ability of clinical nurses in problem solving.

miR-373 inhibits autophagy and further promotes apoptosis of cholangiocarcinoma cells by targeting ULK1.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor originating from intrahepatic bile ducts. Surgical therapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are taken to treat this disease, but it is prone to recurrence and metastasis, with poor prognosis. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore new targets and molecular mechanisms for the development of cholangiocarcinoma cells.

Preparation of electrodeposited Mo-Ni coating and its spectral properties.

Mo-Ni coatings were prepared on Ni alloy by electrodeposition method. The properties of microhardness, wear weight loss and friction coefficients, and thermal expansion of the coatings were investigated, respectively. Mo-Ni coatings were characterized with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), energy-dispersive analyses of X-ray (EDAX), scanning electron microcopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, respectively.

Preparation and in vitro evaluation of glycyrrhetinic acid-modified curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.

Curcumin, a phenolic antioxidant compound derived from the rhizome of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa, has proven to be a modulator of intracellular signaling pathways that control cancer cell growth, inflammation, invasion and apoptosis, revealing its anticancer potential. In this study, a Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Modified Curcumin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (Cur-GA-PEG-NLC) was prepared by the film ultrasound method to improve the tumor-targeting ability. The drug content was detected by an UV spectrophotometry method.

Poly[(acetato-κO,O')aqua-(μ(4)-1H-benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxyl-ato-κN:O,O:O,O:O)praseodymium(III)].

In the title complex, [Pr(C(9)H(4)N(2)O(4))(C(2)H(3)O(2))(H(2)O)](n), the Pr(III) ion is coordinated by five O atoms and one N atom from four benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxyl-ate ligands, two O atoms from an acetate ligand and one water mol-ecule, giving a tricapped trigonal-prismatic geometry. The benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxyl-ate and acetate ligands connect the Pr(III) ions, forming a layer in the ac plane; the layers are further linked by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking inter-actions between neighboring pyridine rings [the centroid-centroid distance is 3.467 (1) Å], assembling a three-dimensional supra-molecular network.

Bis(2,2'-bipyridine)(2-hy-droxy-2,2-diphenyl-acetato)-copper(II) nitrate dihydrate.

In the title complex, [Cu(C(14)H(11)O(3))(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)]NO(3)·2H(2)O, the Cu(II) atom is coordinated by four N atoms from two 2,2'-bipyridine ligands and two O atoms from one benzilate ligand in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. A supra-molecular network is formed via inter-molecular O-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions. π-π stacking inter-actions between neighboring pyridine rings are also present, the centroid-centroid distance being 3.

Hemi(4,4'-bipyridinium) hexa-fluorido-phosphate bis-(4-amino-benzoic acid) 4,4'-bipyridine monohydrate.

In the title compound, 0.5C(10)H(10)N(2) (2+)·PF(6) (-)·C(10)H(8)N(2)·2C(7)H(7)NO(2)·H(2)O, the cation is located on a center of symmetry. The crystal structure is determined by a complex three-dimensional network of inter-molecular O-H⋯O, O-H⋯N, N-H⋯N and N-H⋯F hydrogen bonds.

4-(4-Pyrid-yl)pyridinium 3',4,4'-tricarboxy-biphenyl-3-carboxyl-ate dihydrate.

In the title compound, C(10)H(9)N(2) (+)·C(16)H(9)O(8) (-)·2H(2)O, both the cation and anion possess crystallographically imposed centres of symmetry, causing the nitro-gen-bound H atom in the 4-(4-pyrid-yl)pyridinium cation and the acidic H atom of the carboxyl-ate groups at the 3 and 3' positions in the anion to be disordered over two positions with equal occupancies. In the crystal packing, the cations, anions and water mol-ecules are connected by O-H⋯O, C-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming layers parallel to (20). These layer are further connected into a three-dimensional supra-molecular network by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the water mol-ecules as H-atom donors and by weak π-π stacking inter-actions between neighbouring benzene and pyridine rings, with centroid-centroid distances of 3.

Poly[bis-(4,4'-bipyridine)(μ(3)-4,4'-dicarboxybiphenyl-3,3'-di-carboxyl-ato)iron(II)].

In the polymeric title complex, [Fe(C(16)H(8)O(8))(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)](n), the iron(II) cation is coordinated by four O atoms from three different 4,4'-dicarboxybiphenyl-3,3'-di-carboxyl-ate ligands and two N atoms from two 4,4'-bipyridine ligands in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The 4,4'-dicarboxybiphenyl-3,3'-di-carboxyl-ate ligands bridge adjacent cations, forming chains parallel to the c axis. The chains are further connected by inter-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming two-dimensional supra-molecular layers parallel to (010).

Poly[(6-carboxy-picolinato-κO,N,O)(μ(3)-pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl-ato-κO,N,O:O:O)dysprosium(III)].

In the title complex, [Dy(C(7)H(3)NO(4))(C(7)H(4)NO(4))](n), one of the ligands is fully deprotonated while the second has lost only one H atom. Each Dy(III) ion is coordinated by six O atoms and two N atoms from two pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl-ate and two 6-carboxy-picolinate ligands, displaying a bicapped trigonal-prismatic geometry. The average Dy-O bond distance is 2.

Poly[diaqua-(μ(2)-oxalato-κO,O:O,O)(μ(2)-pyrazine-2-carboxyl-ato-κN,O:O,O')neodymium(III)].

In the title complex, [Nd(C(5)H(3)N(2)O(2))(C(2)O(4))(H(2)O)(2)](n), the Nd(III) atom is ten-coordinated by one N atom and three O atoms from two pyrazine-2-carboxyl-ate ligands, four O atoms from two oxalate ligands and two water mol-ecules in a distorted bicapped square-anti-prismatic geometry. The two crystallographically independent oxalate ligands, each lying on an inversion center, act as bridging ligands, linking Nd atoms into an extended zigzag chain. Neighboring chains are linked by the pyrazine-2-carboxyl-ate ligands into a two-dimensional layerlike network in the (10) plane.

4,4'-Bipyridinium bis(perchlorate)-4-aminobenzoic acid-4,4'-bipyridine-water (1/4/2/2).

In the structure of the title compound, C(10)H(10)N(2) (2+)·2ClO(4) (-)·4C(7)H(7)NO(2)·2C(10)H(8)N(2)·2H(2)O, the 4,4'-bipyridinium cation has a crystallographically imposed centre of symmetry. The cation is linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds to adjacent 4,4'-bipyridine mol-ecules, which in turn inter-act via O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds with 4-amino-benzoic acid mol-ecules, forming chains running parallel to [30]. The chains are further connected into a three-dimensional network by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions involving the perchlorate anion, the water mol-ecules and the 4-amino-benzoic acid mol-ecules.

Poly[diaqua-μ-oxalato-μ-pyrazine-2-carbox-yl-ato-lanthanum(III)].

In the title complex, [La(C(5)H(3)N(2)O(2))(C(2)O(4))(H(2)O)(2)](n), the La(III) ion is coordinated by one N and three O atoms from two pyrazine-2-carboxylate ligands, by four O atoms from two oxalate ligands and by two O atoms of two water molecules, displaying a distorted bicapped square-anti-prismatic geometry. The carboxyl-ate groups of pyrazine-2-carboxyl-ate and oxalate ligands link the lanthanum metal centres, forming layers parallel to (10). The layers are further connected by inter-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions, forming a three-dimensional supra-molecular network.

[Study on influence of buffer system on separate capacity of macroporous resin on ferulic liposome].

Objective: To study the effect of buffer on separate capacity of macroporous resin. To evaluate the quality of ferulic acid liposome and determine its entrapment efficiency.

Method: Different type of macroporous resin counterpoised by buffer system of Na2 HPO3-NaH2, PO3 was used to separate the free ferulic acid from the preparation and HPLC was used to determine the concentration of the ferulic acid to calculate the entrapment efficiency.

Antidepressant-like effects of sarsasapogenin from Anemarrhena asphodeloides BUNGE (Liliaceae).

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sarsasapogenin from Anemarrhena asphodeloides BUNGE (Liliaceae) on the forced swimming test, and the central noradrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic activities in mice. Our results showed that sarsasapogenin treatment at 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg (p.

Solid lipid nanoparticles for enhancing vinpocetine's oral bioavailability.

An ultrasonic-solvent emulsification technique was adopted to prepare vinpocetine loaded Glyceryl monostearate (GMS) nanodispersions with narrow size distribution. To increase the lipid load the process was conducted at 50 degrees C, and in order to prepare nanoparticle using an ultrasonic-solvent emulsification technique. The mean particle size and droplet size distribution, drug loading capacity, drug entrapment efficiency (EE%), zeta potential, and long-term physical stability of the SLNs were investigated in detail respectively.

[Studies on ANN models of determination of tea polyphenol and amylose in tea by near-infrared spectroscopy].

The objectives of the present paper were to build the models for the determination of tea polyphenol (TP) and tea amylose (TA) in tea by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR). According to the range of 7432.3-6155.