Cultural contributions to adults' self-rated mental health problems and strengths: 7 culture clusters, 28 societies, 16 906 adults.

Background: It is unknown how much variation in adult mental health problems is associated with differences between societal/cultural groups, over and above differences between individuals.

Methods: To test these relative contributions, a consortium of indigenous researchers collected Adult Self-Report (ASR) ratings from 16 906 18- to 59-year-olds in 28 societies that represented seven culture clusters identified in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness study (e.g.

The generalizability of empirically derived syndromes of collateral-reported elder psychopathology across 11 societies.

The purpose of this study was to test whether a syndrome model of elder psychopathology derived from collateral ratings, such as from spouses and adult children, in the United States would be generalizable in 11 other societies. Societies represented South America, Asia, and Europe. The Older Adult Behavior Checklist (OABCL) was completed by collateral informants for 6141 60- to 102-year-olds.

Older adult psychopathology: international comparisons of self-reports, collateral reports, and cross-informant agreement.

Objectives: To conduct international comparisons of self-reports, collateral reports, and cross-informant agreement regarding older adult psychopathology.

Participants: We compared self-ratings of problems (e.g.

The generalizability of Older Adult Self-Report (OASR) syndromes of psychopathology across 20 societies.

Objectives: As the world population ages, psychiatrists will increasingly need instruments for measuring constructs of psychopathology that are generalizable to diverse elders. The study tested whether syndromes of co-occurring problems derived from self-ratings of psychopathology by US elders would fit self-ratings by elders in 19 other societies.

Methods/design: The Older Adult Self-Report (OASR) was completed by 12 826 adults who were 60 to 102 years old in 19 societies from North and South America, Asia, and Eastern, Northern, Southern, and Western Europe, plus the United States.

Preliminary Validity of the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory with Taiwanese Clinic-Referred Children.

The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) has previously been shown to be a psychometrically sound instrument used to assess disruptive behaviors in children in the United States and in other cultures/countries but not in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure and to establish the discriminative validity of the ECBI with two groups of Taiwanese children: 70 clinic-referred children with clinically elevated externalizing behavior problems and 70 community-based matched comparison children. Exploratory factor analyses resulted in a six-factor model for the clinic-referred sample and a five-factStrengths and Difficultieor model for the matched comparison sample, indicating that the ECBI is not unidimensional.

Establishing Norms on the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory to Identify Disruptive Behaviors in Taiwanese Children.

Like other cultures, measures to accurately and sensitively assess and treat disruptive behaviors in Taiwanese children are necessary. This research provides normative and psychometric data (i.e.

Predictors of treatment attrition and treatment length in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy in Taiwanese families.

Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) has been used successfully in the United States and in other countries around the world, but its use in Asian countries has been more limited. The present study is the first of its kind to examine the predictors of treatment attrition and length in a sample of Taiwanese caregivers and their children. It is also the first to examine PCIT outcomes in Taiwanese families.

Syndromes of Self-Reported Psychopathology for Ages 18-59 in 29 Societies.

This study tested the multi-society generalizability of an eight-syndrome assessment model derived from factor analyses of American adults' self-ratings of 120 behavioral, emotional, and social problems. The Adult Self-Report (ASR; Achenbach and Rescorla 2003) was completed by 17,152 18-59-year-olds in 29 societies. Confirmatory factor analyses tested the fit of self-ratings in each sample to the eight-syndrome model.

Syndromes of collateral-reported psychopathology for ages 18-59 in 18 Societies.

The purpose was to advance research and clinical methodology for assessing psychopathology by testing the international generalizability of an 8-syndrome model derived from collateral ratings of adult behavioral, emotional, social, and thought problems. Collateral informants rated 8,582 18-59-year-old residents of 18 societies on the Adult Behavior Checklist (ABCL). Confirmatory factor analyses tested the fit of the 8-syndrome model to ratings from each society.

Pilot evaluation of a sexual abuse prevention program for Taiwanese children.

The purpose of the current study was to develop and evaluate the efficacy of a school-based child sexual abuse prevention program for Taiwanese children. Forty-six Taiwanese children age 6 to 13 were divided into one of two groups based on their school grade and then randomly assigned to a skills-based child sexual abuse prevention program who received training immediately or a waiting-list control condition who received the training after a delay. Children's self-protection skills improved regardless of age after participation in the program.

Confirmatory factor analysis in neurophysiological and neuropsychological dimensions of schizophrenia.

This study applied confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the construct of smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in schizophrenia. Participants were assigned to two groups: Group 1 included 27 probands chosen from families with schizophrenia in first-degree relatives, and Group 2 included 54 schizophrenics who had no families with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. There were no differences in the eye tracking pursuit and the WCST between the sporadic and familial schizophrenics.

Internet use, abuse, and dependence among students at a southeastern regional university.

Objective: To assess Internet use, abuse, and dependence.

Participants: 411 undergraduate students.

Results: Ninety percent of participants reported daily Internet use.

Reliability and validity of an Internet traumatic stress survey with a college student sample.

The reliability and validity of Internet-based questionnaires were assessed in a sample of undergraduates (N = 411) by comparing data collected via the Internet with data collected in a more traditional format. A 2 x 2 x 2 repeated measures factorial design was used, forming four groups: Paper-Paper, Paper-Internet, Internet-Paper, and Internet-Internet. Scores on measures of trauma exposure, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms formed the dependent variables.

Differential dimensions of death anxiety in nursing students with and without nursing experience.

Researchers have demonstrated death anxiety in nursing professionals; however, it is unclear as to when this anxiety develops. This study used a multidimensional measure to investigate death anxiety in a group of experienced (n = 53) and inexperienced (n = 49) nursing students and a control group of non-nursing students (n = 50). Experienced nursing students reported significantly more fear of the dying process than inexperienced nursing students and controls whereas both experienced and inexperienced nursing students reported more fear of the unknown than controls.