Tailoring key enzymes for renewable and high-level itaconic acid production using genetic Escherichia coli via whole-cell bioconversion.

Renewable chemical productions through carbon-neutral design are widely concerned in recent years. Among all, itaconic acid (IA) is one of the most important building block chemicals from biorefinery. However, IA fermentation by the eukaryotic Aspergillus terreus is time-consuming and less productive.