Delayed elimination communication on the prevalence of children's bladder and bowel dysfunction.

To determine the prevalence of bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) and its relationship with delayed elimination communication (EC) in children. A cross-sectional study was carried out in kindergartens and primary schools in mainland China. A total of 10,166 children ranging from 4 to 10 years old were included.

Changes in bladder function with time following cystostomy in rats.

Aims: To investigate bladder function patterns following cystostomy and determine the best time window for cystometric evaluation of bladder function in conscious rats.

Materials And Methods: Cystostomy was performed in rats of the first seven groups; thereafter, cystometry was performed in the designed time interval. Noncystostomy rats of group 8 voided freely as control.

Estimating air pollution and health loss embodied in electricity transfers: An inter-provincial analysis in China.

Electricity generation may create high levels of pollution, but its consumption is completely clean. Long-distance electricity transfers make the allocation of environmental externalities caused by electricity generation unfair at the regional level. This paper provides a generalized approach that can be used to evaluate air pollution and health loss embodied in electricity transfers.

Relation of Blood Arsenic Concentration with Effect and Safety of Arsenic-Containing Qinghuang Powder () in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the relation of blood arsenic concentration (BAC) with clinical effect and safety of arsenic-containing Qinghuang Powder (, QHP) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

Methods: Totally 163 patients with MDS were orally treated with QHP for 2 courses of treatment, 3 months as 1 course. The BACs of patients were detected by atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry at 1, 3, and 6 months during the treatment, and the effective rate, hematological improvement and safety in patients after treatment with QHP were analyzed.

The influence of delay elimination communication on the prevalence of primary nocturnal enuresis-a survey from Mainland China.

Aims: A pilot survey shows that primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) prevalence has increased significantly during the past decade in Mainland China. Whether it is related to the delay of elimination communication (EC) is unclear. This study retrospectively investigated the influence of delayed EC on the PNE prevalence in children and adolescents in mainland China.

Reconstruction of bladder function and prevention of renal deterioration by means of end-to-side neurorrhaphy in rats with neurogenic bladder.

Aims: To investigate the feasibility of restoring bladder function and prevention of renal deterioration by neurorrhaphy in rats with neurogenic bladder (NB).

Methods: Forty-two rats were assigned to the end-to-side nerve coaptation group (ECG, n = 16), no nerve coaptation group (NCG, n = 16), and control group (CG, n = 10). In the ECG, the left ventral root (VR) and dorsal root (DR) of L6 and S1 were transected, and the distal stump of L6VR was sutured to the lateral face of L4VR.

Prevalence of Spina Bifida Occulta and Its Relationship With Overactive Bladder in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese People.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of spina bifida occulta (SBO) and its relationship with the presence of overactive bladder (OAB) in middle-aged and elderly people in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional community-based survey was carried out at 7 communities in Zhengzhou City, China from December 15, 2013 to June 10, 2014, where residents aged over 40 years were randomly selected to participate. All of the participants underwent lumbosacral radiographic analysis and relevant laboratory tests.

Paeoniflorin Promotes Angiogenesis in A Vascular Insufficiency Model of Zebrafish in vivo and in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells in vitro.

Objective: To investigate the pro-angiogenic effects of paeoniflorin (PF) in a vascular insufficiency model of zebrafish and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Methods: In vivo, the pro-angiogenic effects of PF were tested in a vascular insufficiency model in the Tg(fli-1:EGFP)y1 transgenic zebrafish. The 24 h post fertilization (hpf) embryos were pretreated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor II (VRI) for 3 h to establish the vascular insufficiency model and then post-treated with PF for 24 h.

[Optimization of formulas of Quban gel by uniform design].

Objective: To optimize formulas of Quban gel.

Method: The U6 (6(2) x 3) uniform design was adopted to optimize gel formulas, with rheological parameters, such as viscosity and yield value in room temperature, viscosity and yield value in average temperature of skin, thixlotropy.

Result: The optimum proportion of matrix was made of 1.

Risk factors of nocturia (two or more voids per night) in Chinese people older than 40 years.

Aims: To explore the risk factors of nocturia in Chinese inhabitants aged ≥40 years.

Methods: A randomized, community-based, cross-sectional study was performed on 10,160 inhabitants ≥40 years old in mainland China, via a stratified sampling approach. A questionnaire, including socio-demographics, lifestyle factors and medical history, was completed.

[Simulation of leaf inclination angle distribution of main tree species in Daxing'an Mountains of China based on the Campbell ellipsoid distribution function].

Leaf inclination angle distribution directly decides the amount of radiation interception by vegetation canopy, and also, decides the size and direction of the incident radiation, being the key parameter in quantitative remote sensing. This paper simulated the leaf inclination angle distribution of the main tree species in Daxing'an Mountains forest region based on the Campbell ellipsoid distribution model and iterative method, and quantitatively analyzed the fitting results of canopy with and without leaf stratification as well as the effects of tree age group on the leaf inclination angle distribution. For the test 6 main tree species, the leaf inclination angle distribution was in planophile shape, and the mean leaf inclination angle was smaller for coniferous tree than for broadleaved tree.

[Effects of testosterone substitution on metabolic syndrome-related factors in hypogonadal males: a meta-analysis].

Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of testosterone on the related factors of metabolic syndrome in hypogonadal males.

Methods: Based on the principles and methods of Cochrane systematic reviews, we searched the PubMed (1980 to August 2009), Embase (1980 to August 2009), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CNKI (1995 to August 2009) , and handsearched some relevant journals and conference proceedings as well. We also identified randomized controlled trials addressing the use of testosterone for the treatment of hypogonadism, screened the retrieved studies according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, evaluated the quality of the included studies, and performed a meta-analysis on the results of homogeneous studies using the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.