Assessing the effects of dual functional V-type cornstarch films added with kiwifruit peel extracts on preservation of fresh-cut kiwifruits: A metabolomics study.

Fresh-cut fruit, with nutrition and convenience, has a broad market demand. However, its shelf life is shortened due to its tissue damage. Therefore, the development of cost-effective and eco-friendly multifunctional packaging materials to extend the shelf life of fresh-cut fruits is urgently needed.

Evolutionary engineering of : Crafting a synthetic methylotroph via self-reprogramming.

Methanol, as a non-edible feedstock, offers a promising sustainable alternative to sugar-based substrates in biochemical production. Despite progress in engineering methanol assimilation in nonmethylotrophs, the full transformation into methanol-dependent synthetic methylotrophs remains a formidable challenge. Here, moving beyond the conventional rational design principle, we engineered a synthetic methylotrophic through genome rearrangement and adaptive laboratory evolution.

Further exploration of the physicochemical nature of μ-bridge-relevant deprotonations the elucidation of four kinds of alditol complexes.

Single-crystal structures of four alditol complexes are presented. In LuCl/galactitol and ScCl/-inositol complexes, μ-bridge-relevant deprotonations were observed. The polarization from two rare earth ions in the μ-bridge activates the chemically inert OH and promotes deprotonation.

[Rapid identification of honey-processing degree of Astragali Radix based on intelligent sensory technology and multivariate statistical analyses].

To analyze the differences and dynamic changes in the color, odor, and major chemical components of Astragali Radix during honey processing, this study used a CM-5 spectrophotometer and Hercules NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose for analysis. High performance liquid chromatography was employed to determine the content of calycosin, calycosin-7-glucoside, formononetin, and ononin in the Astragali Radix decoction pieces processed with honey to different degrees. Multivariate statistical analyses including partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA), differential factor analysis(DFA), and Bayesian discriminant analysis were adopted to differentiate the Astragali Radix decoction pieces processed with honey to different degrees and evaluate the correlations between visual characteristics and chemical composition.

A novel role for protein disulfide isomerase ERp18 in venous thrombosis.

Background: Previous studies using genetically modified mouse models and inhibitors have shown that protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family plays a significant role in arterial thrombosis. However, their role in venous thrombosis remains unknown. In this study, using gene-modified mouse models, we determined whether PDI family members contribute to venous thrombosis.

Fertilization of potentially toxic element-contaminated soils remediated with reusable biochar pellets using rice straw, pig manure and their derived biochar.

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are widespread pollutants in agricultural fields, presenting significant challenges to the maintenance of soil ecological functions while simultaneously reducing their concentrations. This study detailed the development of a high-strength reusable silicate magnetic composite biochar sphere (SMBCS) characterized by superior magnetic and adsorption properties, synthesized from natural minerals and biochar. The application of SMBCS over three consecutive remediation cycles led to reductions in cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) concentrations in soil by 28.

Involvement of intestinal mucosal microbiota in adenine-induced liver function injury.

Adenine is frequently utilized as a model medication for chronic renal disease. Adenine can affect organs other than the kidneys, including the heart and the intestine. The liver is a vital organ involved in the in vivo metabolism of adenine.

Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium effectors spiA and spiC promote replication by modulating iron metabolism and oxidative stress.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) poses a major threat to the health and safety of animal-derived foods worldwide. Recently, we have reported that S.

Fluorinated polyethyleneimine vectors with serum resistance and adjuvant effect to deliver LMP2 mRNA vaccine for nasopharyngeal carcinoma therapy.

Latent membrane protein 2 (LMP2), which is an important protein of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the latent phase to mediate metastasis and recurrence, has shown great potential as a targeting antigen in mRNA vaccine for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) therapy. In this study, an LMP2 mRNA vaccine was developed based on a serum-resistant fluorinated polyethyleneimine (PF) with the self-adjuvant effect for achieving a strong anti-tumor immunity in NPC treatment. Specifically, the proposed vaccine PEG[PF/mLMP2] was comprised of a PF/mLMP2 core formed by the cationic PF and LMP2 mRNA, together with a dialdehyde poly (ethyl glycol) (OHC-PEG-CHO) coating.

Food-derived umami peptides: bioactive ingredients for enhancing flavor.

In order to provide a further overview of the bioactivities of food-derived umami peptides, the study reviewed the sources, preparation and screening, flavor presentation properties, functional properties and their recent progress in the food industry. Food-derived umami peptides could be extracted and prepared by enzymatic and fermentation techniques. Machine learning, molecular docking technology and peptidomics are efficient methods for screening and identifying umami peptides and exploring their flavor mechanisms.

Dragonfly-Inspired Transparent Superhydrophobic Coatings with Low Haze and High Mechanical Robustness.

Transparent superhydrophobic coatings hold significant potential for applications such as windows and reflectors. However, issues such as fragility and high haze have limited their practicality. Drawing inspiration from dragonfly structures, we developed a transparent superhydrophobic coating by etching the polystyrene microsphere array semiembedded on a silicon oxide matrix and subsequently depositing the methyltrichlorosilane-derived nanofilaments.

Impacts of wind forcing on microplastics kinematic in a sensitive water area.

Microplastics (MPs) have been found in different environmental department globally, and the threat to organisms posed by MPs is also widely recognized. Kinematic characteristics of low-density fiber MPs in Poyang Lake under different due-south wind were calculated by combining hydrodynamic model with particle tracking model in this study. Poyang Lake is divided into north lake and south lake for study based on its topographic and hydrodynamic characteristics, and the results are as follows: the critical wind speeds causing vertical mixing of MPs in the water column ranges from 6 to 9 m·s in the north lake, while it is >9 m·s in the south lake, and the MPs beaching rate decreases by 7.

The weighted sum of powers in mean for estimating a change point in linear processes with random coefficients.

Let be a sequence of linear process based on dependent random variables with random coefficients, which has a mean shift at an unknown location. The weighted sum of powers in mean (WSPM, for short) estimator of the change point is proposed. The weak consistency, the rate of weak consistency and strong consistency for the WSPM estimator are established under some mild conditions.

[Machine Learning-based Dissolved Oxygen Prediction Modeling and Evaluation in the Yangtze River Estuary].

Dissolved oxygen （DO） serves as a pivotal indicator, mirroring the intrinsic self-purification capacity of aquatic ecosystems and the overarching quality of the water environment. In the context of the Yangtze Estuary, a crucial hub for biodiversity and economic activities in China, understanding and forecasting levels of DO is instrumental for effective environmental stewardship and management strategies. Considering this, the introduction of sophisticated machine learning algorithms into the monitoring and predictive analytics of dissolved oxygen levels represents an important stride toward leveraging the power of data-driven insights for environmental sustainability.

Anti-Colon Cancer Effects of Lysate from Potential Probiotic Yeast Strains Derived from Human Breast Milk.

Breast milk contains a diverse array of symbiotic microorganisms, including beneficial probiotics. While most research has focused on the bacterial composition of breast milk, the fungal community (mycobiota) has received limited attention. In this study, we isolated and evaluated yeast strains from breast milk, demonstrating the safety and probiotic potential of four strains through hemolysis tests, antimicrobial activity, tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions, aggregation, cell adhesion, and antioxidant activity assays.

Knockout of B2M in combination with PD-L1 overexpression protects MSC-derived new islet β cells from graft rejection in the treatment of canine diabetes mellitus.

Background: The immunogenicity of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is significantly enhanced after transplantation or differentiation, and these cells can be recognized and cleared by recipient immune cells. Graft rejection has become a major obstacle to improving the therapeutic effect of allogeneic MSCs or, after their differentiation, transplantation in the treatment of diabetes and other diseases. Solving this problem is helpful for prolonging the time that cells play a role in the recipient body and for significantly improving the clinical therapeutic effect.

Alpha-synuclein Fibrils Inhibit Activation of the BDNF/ERK Signaling Loop in the mPFC to Induce Parkinson's Disease-like Alterations with Depression.

Depression (Dep) is one of the most common concomitant symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), but there is a lack of detailed pathologic evidence for the occurrence of PD-Dep. Currently, the management of symptoms from both conditions using conventional pharmacological interventions remains a formidable task. In this study, we found impaired activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), reduced levels of transcription and translation, and decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of PD-Dep rats.

Supplementation with Chinese herbal preparations protect the gut-liver axis of Hu sheep, promotes gut-liver circulation, regulates intestinal flora and immunity.

The gut-liver axis in ruminants can explain nutrient regulation, the gut-liver cycle, and immune function in ruminant biology through the gut microbe-gut metabolite-liver metabolite relationship. to investigate the effects of herbal feed additives on the gut-liver axis of Hu sheep. In this study, a broadly targeted UPLC-MS/MS metabolomics approach and 16s sequencing of gut microorganisms were used to detect, identify and quantify changes in ileal microorganisms, liver metabolites and ileal metabolites following the addition of Chinese herbal preparations.

Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics to reveal anti-immunosuppression mechanism of polysaccharide.

It is well documented that immunosuppression in chickens increases the risk of secondary infections and immunodeficiencies, resulting in significant financial setbacks for the poultry sector. It is crucial to determine if polysaccharide (LBP) can counteract immune suppression in young chickens, considering its known ability to modulate immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the antagonistic effect and mechanism of LBP on immunosuppression in chicks.

Prickly Ash Seeds Improve the Ruminal Epithelial Development and Growth Performance of Hu Sheep by Modulating the Rumen Microbiota and Metabolome.

It is known that the addition of feed rich in bioactive components to animal diets will affect rumen fermentation parameters and flora structure. However, research on the regulatory effects of prickly ash seeds (PASs) during rumen development or on the rumen microbiome and its metabolites in sheep is limited. The current study was designed to explore the effects of PASs on sheep rumen development and growth performance using metagenomics and metabolomics.