The effects of electronic cigarette smoking on retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, and choroidal thickness.

Purpose: To compare the thickness of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), and choroid in healthy electronic cigarette smokers and non-smokers using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Material And Method: 25 healthy electronic cigarette smokers and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy non-smokers were included in the study. RNFL, GCL, IPL and choroidal thickness were measured by SD-OCT using an automated programme.

Perinuclear Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Ocular Manifestations: Case Series and Literature Review.

Purpose: To investigate the diversity of ocular manifestations in patients with positive perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA).

Methods: The clinical records of five patients exhibiting ocular manifestations and testing positive for serum MPO-ANCA were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Three out of five patients were female.

Mutations in DNA polymerase δ subunit 1 co-segregate with CMD2-type resistance to Cassava Mosaic Geminiviruses.

Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) suppresses cassava yields across the tropics. The dominant CMD2 locus confers resistance to cassava mosaic geminiviruses. It has been reported that CMD2-type landraces lose resistance after regeneration through de novo morphogenesis.

Challenges and Complications of Poly(lactic--glycolic acid)-Based Long-Acting Drug Product Development.

Poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the preferred polymeric inactive ingredients for long-acting parenteral drug products that are constituted of complex formulations. Despite over 30 years of use, there are still many challenges faced by researchers in formulation-related aspects pertaining to drug loading and release. Until now, PLGA-based complex generic drug products have not been successfully developed.

The haplotype-resolved chromosome pairs of a heterozygous diploid African cassava cultivar reveal novel pan-genome and allele-specific transcriptome features.

Background: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important clonally propagated food crop in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Genetic gain by molecular breeding has been limited, partially because cassava is a highly heterozygous crop with a repetitive and difficult-to-assemble genome.

Findings: Here we demonstrate that Pacific Biosciences high-fidelity (HiFi) sequencing reads, in combination with the assembler hifiasm, produced genome assemblies at near complete haplotype resolution with higher continuity and accuracy compared to conventional long sequencing reads.

A case series with literature review on adjunctive usage of intravitreal ceftazidime in ocular syphilis with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Background: Penicillin is the conventional treatment for all stages of syphilis, including ocular and neurosyphilis, according to the recommendations by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Disease. This case series highlighted three cases of ocular syphilis which showed prompt treatment response as early as 24 h after the adjunctive intravitreal ceftazidime injection.

Methods: Case Series.

A Simple Bone Cyst Requiring Exenteration: A Case Report With Literature Review.

Simple bone cyst is a benign osteolytic lesion, found primarily in the mandible, occasionally in the maxilla, and rarely in the zygoma. A 17-year-old male patient with 6-month history of left facial mass presented with worsening proptosis and displacement of left eyeball associated with reduced OS vision. The lesion was painless to start with, but with time, he reported OS pain.