Self-crack-filled graphene films by metallic nanoparticles for high-performance graphene heterojunction solar cells.

Graphene, with cracks filled with gold nanoparticles, is grown by chemical vapor deposition on a Cu substrate. The crack-filled graphene not only exhibits superior electrical properties but also forms a better junction with other semiconductors. A high-quality crack-filled graphene/Si Schottky junction solar cell is achieved, demonstrating the highest fill factor (0.

Wavelength-selective dual p- and n-type carrier transport of an organic/graphene/inorganic heterostructure.

A novel organic/graphene/inorganic -heterostructure, consisting of a graphene layer encapsulated by n- and p-type photoactive materials with complementary absorptions, enables the control of dual n- and p-typed transport behaviors of a graphene transistor under selective UV or visible light illumination. A graphene-based p-n junction created by spatially patterned wavelength-selective illumination using the organic/graphene/inorganic heterostructure is also demonstrated.

A fuzzy index model for trophic status evaluation of reservoir waters.

An index model for quality evaluation based on the formula of similarity membership functions in the fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm is proposed. Summing up the weighted similarity degrees between an observation and designed specific quality-ordered levels develops an alternative overall index. Stretching the values of the controlling parameters in the formula of the similarity membership functions causes diverse patterns of overall index models.