Integration of artificial intelligence in radiology education: a requirements survey and recommendations from faculty radiologists, residents, and medical students.

Background: To investigate the perspectives and expectations of faculty radiologists, residents, and medical students regarding the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology education, a survey was conducted to collect their opinions and attitudes on implementing AI in radiology education.

Methods: An online questionnaire was used for this survey, and the participant anonymity was ensured. In total, 41 faculty radiologists, 38 residents, and 120 medical students from the authors' institution completed the questionnaire.

MrgX2-Targeting Ligand Screen for Antipseudoallergic Agents by Immobilized His-Tag-Fused Protein Technology.

Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MrgX2) plays a key role in pseudoallergy reactions; thus, it is of great significance to screen compounds with antipseudoallergy activity via MrgX2. Cell membrane chromatography (CMC) demonstrates great potential in drug screening, but it requires further optimization to improve its specificity and stability. In this study, a new CMC system incorporating His-tag-oriented immobilized proteins was constructed to screen MrgX2 antagonists.

Narrative Player: Reviving Data Narratives with Visuals.

Data-rich documents are commonly found across various fields such as business, finance, and science. However, a general limitation of these documents for reading is their reliance on text to convey data and facts. Visual representation of text aids in providing a satisfactory reading experience in comprehension and engagement.

Selective Quantification of Charged and Neutral Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Using the Total Oxidizable Precursor (TOP) Assay.

Perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) precursors are a diverse subclass of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that can be transformed into PFAAs of public health concern. Unlike strongly acidic PFAAs, precursors can be anionic, cationic, neutral, or zwitterionic. Precursor charge affects the environmental fate, but existing quantification techniques struggle to ascertain the abundance of compounds within each charge group.

Hyperconnectivity and Connectome Gradient Dysfunction of Cerebello-Thalamo-Cortical Circuitry in Alzheimer's Disease Spectrum Disorders.

Cerebellar functional connectivity changes have been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but a comprehensive framework integrating these findings is lacking. This retrospective study investigates the cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) circuit in AD, using functional gradient analysis to elucidate deficits and potential biomarkers. We analyzed data from 246 participants enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI-3; NCT02854033), including 58 with AD, 103 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 85 cognitively normal (CN) controls, matched for age and sex.

Practical considerations for the optimization of in situ mineralization of perfluorocarboxylic acids and polyfluoroalkyl substances using persulfate oxidation.

Military bases and airports are often contaminated by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) due to the repeated use of aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs) from decades of training exercises, equipment testing, and extinguishing of fuel- and solvent-based fires. Pump-and-treat systems combined with sorption processes are common ex situ remediation strategies; however, they can be expensive and may require decades of operation, particularly at sites where long-term diffusion and desorption of contaminants are the primary release processes. Alternatively, in situ chemical oxidation is an effective remediation strategy in which oxidants (e.

Comparison of silent MRA and time-of-flight MRA in the depiction and grading of brain arteriovenous malformations.

Background: Preliminary small-sample studies suggest that silent magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has an advantage over time-of-flight MRA (TOF MRA) in the characterization of brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM), but did not examine whether the imaging performance of silent MRA was affected by the intrinsic features of BAVM or common clinical factors. This study sought to compare silent MRA and TOF MRA in terms of the visualization and grading of BAVMs in various clinical settings.

Methods: In total, 85 participants (50 males, 35 females; mean age: 33.

Design of intelligent human-machine collaborative robot-assisted craniotomy system.

Objectives: To develop an intelligent human-machine collaborative control robot-assisted craniotomy system, and test its efficacy by experiments.

Methods: The system integrated a UR5 robotic arm (Universal Robots, Denmark), a host computer, a double six-degree-of-freedom force sensor(Nanjing Yuli Instrument Co., Ltd.

Brain connectivity and transcriptomic similarity inform abnormal morphometric similarity patterns in first-episode, treatment-naïve major depressive disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with disrupted brain structural integration. Morphometric similarity offers a means to capture the coordinated patterns of various structural features. However, it remains unknown whether MDD-related changes can be detected in cortical morphometric similarity through the Morphometric Inverse Divergence (MIND) network.

Immobilized protein strategies based on cell membrane chromatography and its application in discovering active and toxic substances in traditional Chinese medicine.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) contributes significantly to human health. Owing to the complexity of the ingredients in TCM, it is necessary to conduct basic research on effective substances and identify toxic substances to control the safety of medication. Cell membrane chromatography (CMC) is an important method for identifying target components in complex systems.

Effectiveness of ulinastatin in critical care patients in real world: a retrospective multi-center study.

Objectives: Ulinastatin has been applied in various diseases associated with inflammation, but its effectiveness lacks real-world evidence. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ulinastatin based on a real-world database in the intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study.

Tumor Microenvironment-Activated In Situ Synthesis of Peroxynitrite for Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) can induce cancer cell death through hydroxyl radicals (·OH) generated from Fenton or Fenton-like reactions. Compared with traditional therapies, CDT effectively overcomes inevitable drug resistance and exhibits low side effects. However, clinical application still faces challenges, primarily due to insufficient ·OH generation and the short-lifetime of ·OH in vivo.

Nebivolol hydrochloride and its impurities induce pseudo-allergic reactions via mast cell activation.

Nebivolol hydrochloride is a third-generation β-blocker commonly used to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, it has been reported to induce allergic reactions in clinical use which deserves much attention. Therefore, this study focused on the ability of two isomers of nebivolol and chiral isomer impurities to induce allergic reactions.

Altered Neuronal Activity Patterns of the Prefrontal Cortex in Alzheimer's Disease After Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation: A Resting-State fMRI Study.

Background: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) could improve cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the effects of tACS on brain activity remain unclear.

Objective: The purpose is to investigate the change in regional neuronal activity after tACS in AD patients employing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).

Ulinastatin shortens the length of ICU stay in critical patients with organ failure: A 7-year real-world study.

Background: Ulinastatin has been applied in a series of diseases associated with inflammation but its clinical effects remain somewhat elusive.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the potential effects of ulinastatin on organ failure patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study on organ failure patients from 2013 to 2019.

Association between MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related gene polymorphisms and migraine.

Background: The causes of migraine remain unclear. Evidence suggests that the MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways play a role in migraine pathogenesis. However, studies on genetic polymorphisms in the two pathways associated with migraine are still limited.

Skeletal muscle involvement in systemic amyloidosis is often overlooked.

Aim: Systemic amyloidosis is a condition in which misfolded amyloid fibrils are deposited within tissues. Amyloid myopathy is a rare manifestation of systemic amyloidosis. However, whether skeletal muscle involvement is underestimated and whether such deposition guarantees clinical and pathological myopathic features remain to be investigated.

Nitric Oxide-Activated Bioorthogonal Codelivery Nanoassembly for In Situ Synthesis of Photothermal Agent for Precise and Safe Anticancer Treatment.

The development of bioorthogonal activation in drug release represents a promising avenue for precise and safe anticancer treatment. However, two significant limitations currently hinder their clinical application: i) the necessity for separate administration of the drug precursor and its corresponding activator, leading to poor drug accumulation and potential side effects; ii) the reliance on exogenous metal or organic activators for triggering bioorthogonal activation, which often exhibit low efficiency and systemic toxicity when extending to living animals. To overcome these limitations, a nitric oxide (NO)-mediated bioorthogonal codelivery nanoassembly, termed TTB-NH@PArg, which comprises a precursor molecular (TTB-NH) and amphipathic polyarginine (PArg) is developed.