Targeting KIFC1 Promotes Senescence in Soft Tissue Sarcoma via FXR1-Dependent Regulation of MAD2L1 mRNA Stability.

Patients diagnosed with soft tissue sarcoma (STS) often present at intermediate to advanced stages, with inherently limited therapeutic options available. There is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets. In this study, by screening STS data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases, KIFC1 is identified as a potential biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for STS.

Efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of pegylated PEG-rhg-CSF in pediatric patients receiving high-intensity chemotherapy: results from a phase II study.

Background: High-intensity chemotherapy can cause life-threatening complications in pediatric patients. Therefore, this study investigated safety and efficacy of long-acting pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF; Jinyouli) in children undergoing high-intensity chemotherapy.

Methods: Treatment-naive patients received post-chemotherapy PEG-rhG-CSF as primary prophylaxis for two cycles.

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin combined with cyclophosphamide and vincristine in pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumor: a single-arm, open-label, phase I study.

Background: The combined vincristine, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD), and cyclophosphamide (VPC) regimen has never been studied in pediatric patients.

Methods: This open-label, single-center, single-arm phase I study utilizing a "3 + 3" design enrolled children with relapsed/refractory (R/R) solid tumors. Three dose levels of PLD (Duomeisu®) were studied (30, 40, or 50 mg/m) in combination with cyclophosphamide (1500 mg/m), mesna (1500 mg/m), and vincristine (1.

MTHFD1 regulates the NADPH redox homeostasis in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma.

MYCN amplification is an independent poor prognostic factor in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB). Further exploring the molecular regulatory mechanisms in MYCN-amplified NB will help to develop novel therapy targets. In this study, methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1) was identified as the differentially expressed gene (DEG) highly expressed in MYCN-amplified NB, and it showed a positive correlation with MYCN and was associated with a poor prognosis of NB patients.

The dual HDAC and PI3K inhibitor, CUDC‑907, inhibits tumor growth and stem‑like properties by suppressing PTX3 in neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the common solid tumors in childhood and poses a threat to the lives of children. Patients with advanced‑stage or recurrent NB have a poor prognosis. CUDC‑907, as a novel dual‑target inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and phosphatidylinositol‑3‑kinase (PI3K), has been proven to play an antitumor role in several types of tumors.

Safety and clinical efficacy of sintilimab (anti-PD-1) in pediatric patients with advanced or recurrent malignancies in a phase I study.

The aim of this phase I study is to evaluate, for the first time, the safety and efficacy of sintilimab in pediatric patients diagnosed with advanced or recurrent malignancies. During the dose escalation phase, patients received a single intravenous infusion of sintilimab at varying doses of 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg. The primary endpoints included the identification of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) as well as the evaluation of safety and tolerance.

Efficacy and safety of programmed cell death receptor 1 inhibition-based regimens in patients with pediatric malignancies: the real-world study in China.

Background: Programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) inhibition has shown durable response and mild adverse events (AEs) in adult malignancies. However, data on the clinical activity of PD-1 inhibition in pediatric patients are lacking. We comprehensively assessed the efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor-based regimens for pediatric malignancies.

Genomic Profiling of Radiation-Induced Sarcomas Reveals the Immunologic Characteristics and Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade.

Purpose: Radiation-induced sarcomas (RIS) have a poor prognosis and lack effective treatments. Its genome and tumor microenvironment are not well characterized and need further exploration.

Experimental Design: Here, we performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) and mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq) on patients with RIS and primary sarcomas (WES samples 46 vs.

Toxicity Effects and Mechanisms of MgO Nanoparticles on the Oomycete Pathogen and Its Host .

Engineered nanoparticles have recently been used for innovation in agricultural disease management. However, both the toxicity effects and mechanisms of nanoparticles in target pathogens and their host plants are still largely unknown. Here, we found that magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) could protect potatoes against () at a low dosage (50 μg/mL).

Panobinostat enhances NK cell cytotoxicity in soft tissue sarcoma.

Sarcoma is a rare and heterogeneous class of mesenchymal malignancies with poor prognosis. Panobinostat (LBH589) as one of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors has demonstrated anti-tumor activity in patients with sarcoma, but its mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we found that LBH589 alone inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) cell lines.

Immune-Related LncRNAs as Prognostic Factors for Pediatric Rhabdoid Tumor of the Kidney.

Background: Immune-related long noncoding RNAs (IrlncRNAs) are recognized as important prognostic factors in a variety of cancers, but thus far, their prognostic value in pediatric rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (pRTK) has not been reported. Here, we clarified the associations between IrlncRNAs and overall survival (OS) of pRTK patients and constructed a model to predict their prognosis.

Methods: We accessed RNA sequencing data and corresponding clinical data of pRTK from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database.

A Pan-Cancer Analysis of IRAK1 Expression and Their Association With Immunotherapy Response.

IRAK1 is an active kinase which plays a critical role in IL-1/TLR signaling pathway involved in inflammation and innate immune response. Recently, increasing evidence supports a potential role of IRAK1 in cancer progression. However, no immunological pan-cancer analysis of IRAK1 is available.

The Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib in Pediatric Patients With Refractory or Recurrent Solid Tumors.

Refractory or recurrent pediatric solid tumors lack effective treatments, and are associated with dismal outcomes. Hence, there is an urgent need for a novel therapeutic strategy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib, a novel oral multi-kinase angiogenesis inhibitor, in pediatric patients with refractory or recurrent solid tumors.

KDM5B promotes tumorigenesis of Ewing sarcoma via FBXW7/CCNE1 axis.

Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is an aggressive tumor that affects children and young adults. Patients with relapsed/refractory diseases have limited treatment options. Targeting the driver fusion oncoproteins of EwS remains a technical problem.

Efficacy and safety comparison between R-CHOP and modified NHL-BFM-90 regimens in children and adolescents with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Studies comparing the efficacy and safety of R-CHOP and modified non-Hodgkin lymphoma Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster-90 (NHL-BFM-90) regimens in children and adolescents with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are lacking. Thus, we retrospectively analyzed 85 DLBCL patients aged ≤18 years from 2000 to 2020; 74 patients received the modified NHL-BFM-90 regimen, and 11 received the R-CHOP regimen. The 5-year OS and event-free survival (EFS) rates between the modified NHL-BFM-90 and R-CHOP regimens were 91.

Irinotecan Plus Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposomes for Relapsed or Refractory Wilms Tumor.

Purpose: The prognosis of relapsed or refractory pediatric Wilms tumor (WT) is dismal, and new salvage therapies are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of irinotecan and a doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome regimen for relapsed or refractory pediatric WT.

Patients And Methods: The present study enrolled relapsed or refractory pediatric WT patients who were treated with the AI regimen (doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes 40 mg/m per day, day 1, and irinotecan 50 mg/m per day with 90-min infusion, days 1-5; this regimen was repeated every 3 weeks) at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from July 2018 to September 2020.

Trends in clinical development of pediatric cancer for PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors: an analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov.

Compared with cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, positive findings have been acquired through the approach of blocking the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway with antibodies that exert inhibitory effects on PD-1 or cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1). Results from clinical trials showed great potential in adult patients with cancers, such as melanoma, non-small cell carcinoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, studies of checkpoint inhibitors specifically targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in pediatric patients are limited.

Combination Therapy With Anti-PD-1 or PD-1 Antibody Alone in Asian Pediatric Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Cancer.

There is limited experience of PD-1 antibody combined with other therapies in children. We aimed to explore the antitumor activity and safety of PD-1 antibody monotherapy or combination with other regimens in relapsed or refractory pediatric cancer. This is a retrospective-case study conducted in two Chinese expert centers.

ISL1 promoted tumorigenesis and EMT via Aurora kinase A-induced activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid malignancy in children and its mortality rate is relatively high. However, driver genes of NB are not clearly identified. Using bioinformatics analysis, we determined the top 8 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in NB, including GFAP, PAX6, FOXG1, GAD1, PTPRC, ISL1, GRM5, and GATA3.