Tetrazole Diversification of Amino Acids and Peptides via Silver-Catalyzed Intermolecular Cycloaddition with Aryldiazonium Salts.

Selective structural modification of amino acids and peptides is a central strategy in organic chemistry, chemical biology but also in pharmacology and material science. In this context, the formation of tetrazole rings, known to possess significant therapeutic properties, would expand the chemical space of unnatural amino acids but has received less attention. In this study, we demonstrated that the classic unimolecular Wolff rearrangement of α-amino acid-derived diazoketones could be replaced by a faster intermolecular cycloaddition reaction with aryldiazonium salts under identical practical conditions.

Mechanism of time-dependent toxicity of quinolone antibiotics on luminescent bacteria Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67.

Four quinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin (CIP), enrofloxacin (ENR), sparfloxacin (SPA), gatifloxacin (GAT)) and their binary mixtures at environmentally relevant concentrations exhibited time-dependent hormesis on Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 (Q67). The study aims to investigate the time-dependent toxicity of low-dose pollutants and the occurrence of hormesis.

The severity of portal hypertension by a non-invasive assessment: acoustic structure quantification analysis of liver parenchyma.

Background: Acoustic structure quantification (ASQ) has been applied to evaluate liver histologic changes by analyzing the speckle pattern seen on B-mode ultrasound. We aimed to assess the severity of portal hypertension (PHT) through hepatic ultrasonography.

Methods: Sixty patients diagnosed with PHT and underwent surgical treatment with portosystemic shunts were enrolled.

Citrus FRIGIDA cooperates with its interaction partner dehydrin to regulate drought tolerance.

Drought is a major environmental stress that severely affects plant growth and crop productivity. FRIGIDA (FRI) is a key regulator of flowering time and drought tolerance in model plants. However, little is known regarding its functions in woody plants, including citrus.

Involvement of GOBP2 in the perception of a sex pheromone component in both larval and adult Spodoptera litura revealed using CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis.

General odorant-binding proteins (GOBPs) are long considered responsible for the perception of plant odorants. In this study with the important noctuid pest Spodoptera litura, we functionally characterized that GOBP2 is also involved in the perception of sex pheromone components using in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 technique. First, the GOBP2 sgRNA and Cas9 protein were injected into the newly laid insect eggs, resulting in a 35.

-Iodosuccinimide-Promoted [3 + 2] Annulation Reaction of Aryldiazonium Salts with Guanidines To Construct Aminotetrazoles.

A -iodosuccinimide (NIS)-promoted [3 + 2] annulation reaction of aryldiazonium salts with guanidines has been developed for the construction of previously elusive 2-aryl-5-amino-2-tetrazoles. This transformation takes advantage of readily available starting materials, proceeds under metal-free, mild, and robust conditions, and holds broad functional group compatibility. The utility of this protocol is further manifested via coupling, annulation, deamination, and denitrogenation derivatizations.

Estrogen Deficiency Aggravates Fluoride-Induced Liver Damage and Lipid Metabolism Disorder in Rats.

Estrogen exerts essential role in liver metabolism, and its deficiency is frequently accompanied by a series of metabolic disorder diseases. To investigate the role of estrogen deficiency in fluorine ions (F) induced liver injury, the ovariectomy (OVX) rat models were performed by surgically removing the ovaries, and the rats from OVX and non-OVX models were exposed to differential dose of F (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L) in drinking water for 90 days. The liver morphological structure was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining.

A novel isoform of Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 promotes YAP/TEAD transcriptional activity in NSCLC cells.

Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) can either promote or inhibit transcription depending on cellular context. In this study, we show that a new HIPK2 isoform increases TEAD reporter activity in NSCLC cells. We detected HIPK2 copy number gain in 5/6 (83.

Decoration of silver nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbon derived from zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) auto-reduction.

We discovered an auto-reduction method to embed silver nanoparticles onto a nanoporous carbon (NC) derived from the zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8), without any requirement of the reducing agents. The detailed analysis demonstrated the formation of Ag NPs by the replacement of the metallic Zn residue in the NC with Ag ions. The synthesized Ag@NC exhibited a superior catalytic activity toward the reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol into 4-aminophenol.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 Mediated Knockout Reveals Functions of the Gene in .

genes are thought to be involved in the melanin biosynthetic pathway and play a crucial role in pigmentation reactions in insects. However, little research has been done on genes in lepidopteran pests. To clarify the function of one of the genes () in , we cloned the full-length of , and investigated its spatial and temporal expression profiles by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).

Preliminary evidence of the association between DNAm and orbital volumetry in GO.

Background: The pathogenesis underlying the alterations of orbital architecture in Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is not yet fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate the association of DNA methylation in peripheral blood and orbital volumetry in Chinese patients with GO.

Methods: A total of 35 GO subjects (70 orbits) were subjected to computed tomography (CT) scan.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia in autoimmune disease-induced immunocompromised host: A retrospective observational study.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in autoimmune diseases (AID)-induced immunocompromised host (ICH) had a high incidence and poor prognosis. However, only a few studies had determined the clinical characteristics of these patients. Our study was to explore the characteristics and predictors of mortality in CAP patients accompanied with AID-induced ICH.

Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 down-regulates yes-associated protein expression in mesothelioma cells.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) is a protein kinase that plays a major role in transcription initiation. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a main effector of the Hippo/YAP signalling pathway. Here, we investigated the role of CDK7 on YAP regulation in human malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM).

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes spinal fusion by regulating macrophage polarization.

Background: Spinal fusion is considered the gold standard procedure for treating spinal degeneration, tumors, and trauma. An inflammatory response is an important part of bone repair. We investigated the polarization change of inflammatory macrophages (M1) and resident macrophages (M2) during low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treatment.

A Gustatory Receptor GR8 Tunes Specifically to D-Fructose in the Common Cutworm .

Gustatory receptors (GRs) are crucial in the peripheral coding of the non-volatile compounds in insects, and thus play important roles in multiple behaviors including feeding, mating, and oviposition. However, little research has been done on GRs in lepidopteran pests. In the current work with , an important worldwide crop's pest, a candidate fructose GR gene () was cloned in full length, and its spatial and temporal expression profiles were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).

Cucurbitacin E inhibits the Yes‑associated protein signaling pathway and suppresses brain metastasis of human non‑small cell lung cancer in a murine model.

Human non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with an extremely poor prognosis especially for the 40% of patients who develop brain metastasis, and few treatment strategies exist. Cucurbitacin E (CuE), an oxygenated tetracyclic triterpenoid isolated from plants particularly of the family Cucurbitaceae, has shown anti‑tumorigenic properties in several types of cancer, yet the mechanism remains unclear. Yes‑associated protein (YAP), a main mediator of the Hippo signaling pathway, promotes tumorigenesis, drug resistance and metastasis in human NSCLC.

Identifying and Validating Genes with DNA Methylation Data in the Context of Biological Network for Chinese Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy.

Aim: This study investigated the association of DNA methylation with Graves' orbitopathy (GO) incidence through a combined analysis in the context of biological network to identify and validate potential genes for Chinese patients with GO.

Methods: A genome-scale screening of DNA methylation was performed on the peripheral blood sample of six patients with GO and six controls. After extracting differentially methylated regions (DMRs), the study focused on two classes of genes with obviously different methylation levels: low methylated genes (LMGs) and high methylated genes (HMGs).

A Pathway Analysis Based on Genome-Wide DNA Methylation of Chinese Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy.

Background: The pathogenesis Graves' Orbitopathy (GO) is not yet fully understood. Here, we conducted a pathway analysis based on genome-wide DNA methylation data of Chinese GO patients to explore GO-related pathways and potential feature genes.

Methods: Six GO patients and 6 age-matched control individuals were recruited, and a genome-scale screen of DNA methylation was measured using their peripheral blood sample.

Ultrasonic assessment of liver stiffness and carotid artery elasticity in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.

Background: This study investigated the relationship between liver stiffness and carotid artery elasticity in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. We used an acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) technique to measure stiffness, and a radio frequency (RF) vascular quantitative ultrasound technique to measure changes in common carotid artery elasticity and vascular function.

Methods: Two-hundred seventeen patients with chronic viral hepatitis caused by either hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) were enrolled.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of serous body cavity effusions in patients with sepsis: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Cavity effusion is common in patients with infectious diseases. However, the incidence rate and characteristics of serous cavity effusions (SCE) in septic patients are not clear to date. The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and characteristics of SCE in septic patients and to explore the correlations between the bloody effusions and the illness severity/prognosis in septic patients.

Experimental study of the inhibition effect of CXCL12/CXCR4 in malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Previous studies have demonstrated that CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is closely related to tumors such as malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). This research was conducted in order to detect whether CXCL12/CXCR4 inhibitors could restrain MPM and have a synergistic effect with chemotherapy, also to investigate the relationship of CXCL12/CXCR4 with other gene expressions in MPM. Forty mice were injected MPM cells and randomly divided into four groups: the PBS (control group), AMD3100 (CXCR4-CXCL12 antagonist), pemetrexed and AMD3100 plus pemetrexed.

Cross-cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Simplified-Chinese Version of Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire for Patients in Mainland China.

Study Design: A prospective study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and assess the internal reliability and structure validity of a simplified Chinese version of the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (SC-NBQ) for evaluation of patients with nonspecific neck pain (NP) in mainland China.

Summary Of Background Data: The NBQ has been cross-culturally translated into several languages with good internal consistency and construct validity to evaluate low back pain and NP.

Tanshinone IIA Activates Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 to Restrain Pulmonary Fibrosis via Regulation of Redox Homeostasis and Glutaminolysis.

Aims: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is characterized by myofibroblast activation through oxidative stress. However, the precise regulation of myofibroblast transdifferentiation remains largely uncharacterized.

Results: In this study, we found that tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA), an active component in the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, can suppress reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated activation of myofibroblast and reduce extracellular matrix deposition in bleomycin (BLM)-challenged mice through the regulation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2).