Managing the risk of non-indigenous marine species transfer in Singapore using a study of vessel movement.

Shipping is recognized as a major vector for the global transfer of non-indigenous marine species (NIMS). As a major transshipment port, Singapore can minimize the risk of NIMS transfer by implementing pragmatic management strategies, such as using vessel movement information to assess the risk of NIMS transfer. Findings from vessel movement information in a major port terminal in Singapore showed that vessel residence time is short, with >92% of vessels spending seven days or less.

Inflammatory markers and their association with post stroke cognitive decline.

Background: Population-based studies have demonstrated the association of inflammation and cognitive impairment. However, few studies to date have examined this association in ischemic stroke patients.

Aims: The study aims to determine the association between inflammatory markers and cognitive impairment.