Single-molecule characterization of SV40 replisome and novel factors: human FPC and Mcm10.

The simian virus 40 (SV40) replisome only encodes for its helicase; large T-antigen (L-Tag), while relying on the host for the remaining proteins, making it an intriguing model system. Despite being one of the earliest reconstituted eukaryotic systems, the interactions coordinating its activities and the identification of new factors remain largely unexplored. Herein, we in vitro reconstituted the SV40 replisome activities at the single-molecule level, including DNA unwinding by L-Tag and the single-stranded DNA-binding protein Replication Protein A (RPA), primer extension by DNA polymerase δ, and their concerted leading-strand synthesis.

Multi-Step and Switchable Energy Transfer in Photoluminescent Organosilicone Capsules.

Light-harvesting is of vital importance for many events, such as photosynthesis. To efficiently gather and transfer solar energy, delicate antenna is needed, which has been achieved by algae and plants. However, construction of efficient light-harvesting systems using multiple, artificial building blocks is still challenging.

Modulation of the microhomology-mediated end joining pathway suppresses large deletions and enhances homology-directed repair following CRISPR-Cas9-induced DNA breaks.

Background: CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing often induces unintended, large genomic rearrangements, posing potential safety risks. However, there are no methods for mitigating these risks.

Results: Using long-read individual-molecule sequencing (IDMseq), we found the microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) DNA repair pathway plays a predominant role in Cas9-induced large deletions (LDs).

Importance of DNA nanotechnology for DNA methyltransferases in biosensing assays.

DNA methylation is the process by which specific bases on a DNA sequence acquire methyl groups under the catalytic action of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT). Abnormal changes in the function of DNMT are important markers for cancers and other diseases; therefore, the detection of DNMT and the selection of its inhibitors are critical to biomedical research and clinical practice. DNA molecules can undergo intermolecular assembly to produce functional aggregates because of their inherently stable physical and chemical properties and unique structures.

Blockade of TNF-α/TNFR2 signalling suppresses colorectal cancer and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy by decreasing CCR8+T regulatory cells.

The enrichment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumour microenvironment (TME) has been recognized as one of the major factors in the initiation and development of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. C-C motif chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), a marker of activated suppressive Tregs, has a significant impact on the functions of Tregs in the TME. However, the regulatory mechanism of CCR8 in Tregs remains unclear.

Effect analysis of medial bracing plate combined with cannulated screw in unstable femoral neck fracture assisted by surgical hip dislocation: a retrospective study.

Background: Unstable femoral neck fractures have a high likelihood of causing severe disruption to the blood supply. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of surgical hip dislocation using a medial support plate combined with cannulated screw fixation for the treatment of unstable femoral neck fractures in young and middle-aged adults.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 68 young adults who underwent internal fixation of unstable femoral neck fractures.

Molecular Aggregation Strategy for Pore Generation in SiOC Ceramics Induced by the Conjugation Force of Phenyl.

Porous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) ceramics with tailorable microstructure and porosity were fabricated using phenyl-substituted cyclosiloxane (C-Ph) as a molecular-scale porogen are analyzed in this study. A gelated precursor was synthesized via the hydrosilylation of hydrogenated and vinyl-functionalized cyclosiloxanes (CSOs), followed by pyrolysis at 800-1400 °C in flowing N gas. Tailored morphologies, such as closed-pore and particle-packing structures, with porosities in the range 20.

A novel biosensor based on tetrahedral DNA nanostructure and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-assisted amplification strategy for fluorescence analysis of uracil-DNA glycosylase activity.

Tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN), as a classical bionanomaterial, which not only has excellent structural stability and rigidity, but also possesses high programmability due to strict base-pairs complementation, is widely used in various biosensing and bioanalysis fields. In this study, we first constructed a novel biosensor based on Uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) -triggered collapse of TDN and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TDT)-induced insertion of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) for fluorescence and visual analysis of UDG activity. In the presence of the target enzyme UDG, the uracil base modified on the TDN were specifically identified and removed to produce an abasic site (AP site).

Research status of polysiloxane-based piezoresistive flexible human electronic sensors.

Flexible human body electronic sensor is a multifunctional electronic device with flexibility, extensibility, and responsiveness. Piezoresistive flexible human body electronic sensor has attracted the extensive attention of researchers because of its simple preparation process, high detection sensitivity, wide detection range, and low power consumption. However, the wearability and affinity to the human body of traditional flexible human electronic sensors are poor, while polysiloxane materials can be mixed with other electronic materials and have good affinity toward the human body.

Clustering-enhanced, nonconventional photoluminescence from a silicone surfactant.

By using the intrinsic nonconventional photoluminescence (-PL) of organo-siloxane and the synergetic effect of the surfactant mixture, we report strong -PL from aqueous colloids containing a nonionic silicone surfactant mixed with a traditional anionic surfactant, with an unprecedently high fluorescence quantum yield of up to 85.58%.

Dynamics of disease characteristics and viral RNA decay in patients with asymptomatic and mild infections during the Omicron wave in Shanghai, China: A retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Asymptomatic infections and mild diseases were more common during the Omicron outbreak in Shanghai, China in 2022. This study aimed to assess the characteristics and viral RNA decay between patients with asymptomatic and mild infections.

Methods: A total of 55,111 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 who were quarantined in the National Exhibition & Convention Center (Shanghai) Fangcang shelter hospital within 3 days after diagnosis from April 9 to May 23, 2022 were enrolled.

A scanning-to-incision switch in TFIIH-XPG induced by DNA damage licenses nucleotide excision repair.

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is critical for removing bulky DNA base lesions and avoiding diseases. NER couples lesion recognition by XPC to strand separation by XPB and XPD ATPases, followed by lesion excision by XPF and XPG nucleases. Here, we describe key regulatory mechanisms and roles of XPG for and beyond its cleavage activity.

Double-wing switch nanodevice-mediated primer exchange reaction for the activity analysis of cancer biomarker FEN1.

DNA damage repair is one of the foremost factors leading to changes in tumor drug resistance. The analysis of Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), a kind of pivotal enzyme in various DNA metabolic pathways, has been of great support to tumor research and the development of chemotherapeutics. Nevertheless, few analytical techniques can achieve quantitative and simplified FEN1 measurement.

[Epidemiological and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Hunan].

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological and clinicopathological characteristics of PCa and provide some strategies for the clinical prevention and treatment of the malignancy.

Methods: This study included 1 594 cases of pathologically diagnosed PCa after radical prostatectomy in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020. We collected the basic information about the patients, their main complaints and clinicopathological results, and analyzed the epidemiological and clinicopathological data.

The fluorescence amplification strategy based on 3D DNA walker and CRISPR/Cas12a for the rapid detection of BRAF V600E.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a fragment of single- or double-stranded DNA originating from tumor or circulating tumor cells and provides accurate information regarding the molecular characteristics of tumors. Therefore, sensitive detection of ctDNA is of great significance to mutation analysis and clinical diagnosis. Among various ctDNAs, the BRAF V600E is related to aggressive behavior, disease recurrence, and disease-specific mortality in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Multifunctional electrochemical biosensor with "tetrahedral tripods" assisted multiple tandem hairpins assembly for ultra-sensitive detection of target DNA.

Nucleic acids are genetic materials in the human body that play important roles in storing, copying, and transmitting genetic information. Abnormal nucleic acid sequences, base mutations, and genetic changes often lead to cancer and other diseases. Meanwhile, methylated DNA is one of the main epigenetic modifications, which is considered to be an excellent biomarker in the early detection, prognosis, and treatment of cancers.

A novel fluorescence amplification strategy combining cascade primer exchange reaction with CRISPR/Cas12a system for ultrasensitive detection of RNase H activity.

Ribonuclease H (RNase H), which plays a vital role in various cellular processes, is to be closely related to the emergence of many diseases. As an essential therapeutic target, it shows great prospects in the development of associated drugs. Herein, a DNA-RNA chimeric hairpin (DR HP) was designed to introduce a new signal amplification strategy based on cascade primer exchange reaction (cPER) and CRISPR/Cas12a system for sensitive and specific analysis of RNase H activity.

Association between subtalar articular surface typing and flat foot deformity: which type is more likely to cause flat foot deformity.

Background: Previous studies have shown a wide range of anatomical classifications of the subtalar joint (STJ) in the population and this is related to the different force line structures of the foot. Different subtalar articular surface morphology may affect the occurrence and development of flat foot deformity, and there are fewer studies in this area. The main objective of our study was to determine the association of different subtalar articular surface with the occurrence and severity of flat foot deformity.

Ultra-sensitive detection of DNA N6-adenine methyltransferase based on a 3D tetrahedral fluorescence scaffold assisted by symmetrical double-ring dumbbells.

DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that plays a vital role in X chromosome inactivation, genome imprinting, and gene expression. DNA methyltransferase establishes and maintains a stable methylation state in genomic DNA. Efficient and specific DNA methyltransferase testing is essential for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Characteristics of purified anti-β2GPI IgG N-glycosylation associate with thrombotic, obstetric and catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome.

Objective: Anti-β-2 glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI) antibodies, defined as primary pathogenic antibody in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). It has been reported that IgG Fc N-glycosylation affects IgG effector, we aim to investigate the association of Fc glycosylation profiles of purified anti-β2GP1 IgG with clinical features of APS.

Methods: We purify anti-β2GPI IgG and total IgG from 82 APS patients including nine catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) patients, as well as total IgG from 103 healthy controls to quantitatively analyse all detectable Fc N-glycanforms of all IgG subclasses with Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) method based on UPLC-ESI-QqQ mass spectrometry.

Comparison of Arthroscopic Surgery Versus Open Surgical Repair of the Anterior Talofibular Ligament: A Retrospective Study of 80 Patients from a Single Center.

BACKGROUND This retrospective study from a single center aimed to compare the safety and clinical outcomes of arthroscopic surgery vs open surgical repair of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL). MATERIAL AND METHODS We randomly divided 80 patients with ATFL injury divided into 2 groups: an open surgery group and an arthroscopic group. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, and the postoperative recovery time of all patients were analyzed.

[Molecular regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia-inducible factor and interventional effect of Chinese herbal medicine].

Hypoxia-inducible factors(HIFs)are the key transcription factors that sense and regulate cellular oxygen concentration in vivo. HIF-1 is composed of 2 subunits,α and β,in which,the molecular regulatory mechanism of HIF-1α involves the main processes of its degradation and activation. The degradation of HIF-1α is regulated by oxygen-dependent pathways,including "von hippel-lindau protein(pVHL)-dependent pathway" and "pVHL-independent pathway".

Polymerase/Nicking Enzyme Powered Dual-template Multi-cycle G-Triplex Machine for HIV-1 Determination.

We proposed a dual-template, multi-cycle DNA nanomachine driven by polymerase and a nicking enzyme with high efficiency. The reaction system simply consists of two templates (T1, T2) and two enzymes (KF polymerase, Nb.BbvCI).

Multi-catheter cryotherapy compared with radiofrequency ablation in long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial.

Aims: Restoring sinus rhythm (SR) by ablation alone is an endpoint used in radiofrequency (RF) ablation for long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) but not with cryotherapy. The simultaneous use of two cryotherapy catheters can improve ablation efficiency; we compared this with RF ablation in chronic persistent AF aiming for termination to SR by ablation alone.

Methods And Results: Consecutive patients undergoing their first ablation for persistent AF of >6 months duration were screened.

The Role of HDACs and HDACi in Cartilage and Osteoarthritis.

Epigenetics plays an important role in the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). In recent decades, HDAC family members have been associated with OA. This paper aims to describe the different role of HDACs in the pathogenesis of OA through interaction with microRNAs and the regulation of relevant signaling pathways.