Fabrication of core-shell Prussian blue analogue@ZnInS nanocubes for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution coupled with biomass furfuryl alcohol oxidation.

Utilizing photocatalytic technology for the value-added conversion of biomass derivatives, alongside the production of clean hydrogen energy, represents a viable approach to addressing energy and environmental challenges. However, the design of cost-effective and efficient photocatalysts remains a significant obstacle. In this work, we employed open-framework Prussian blue analogs as co-catalytic centers and combined them with ZnInS to construct a series of core-shell nanocube photocatalysts with varying metal compositions.

The Role of Microvascular Variations in the Process of Intervertebral Disk Degeneration and Its Regulatory Mechanisms: A Literature Review.

Microvascular changes are considered key factors in the process of intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD). Microvascular invasion and growth into the nucleus pulposus (NP) and cartilaginous endplates are unfavorable factors that trigger IDD. In contrast, the rich distribution of microvessels in the bony endplates and outer layers of the annulus fibrosus is an important safeguard for the nutrient supply and metabolism of the intervertebral disk (IVD).

Causes of Corneal Melt After the Boston Keratoprosthesis Type I: The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Experience.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term incidence, risk factors, and the management of corneal melt following Boston type I keratoprosthesis (B-KPro I) implantation.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational case series. Data were collected regarding demographics, preoperative characteristics, incidence, and outcomes of corneal melt in 102 patients who underwent B-KPro I in the Chinese PLA General Hospital between 2011 and 2018, with a follow-up period ranging from 4 to 11 years.

Phenotypic comparison and the potential antitumor function of immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs).

Introduction: Macrophages are an important component of innate immunity and involved in the immune regulation of multiple diseases. The functional diversity and plasticity make macrophages to exhibit different polarization phenotypes after different stimuli. During tumor progression, the M2-like polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumor progression by assisting immune escape, facilitating tumor cell metastasis, and switching tumor angiogenesis.

A novel model to predict the risk of hematological toxicity in lung adenocarcinoma patients with pemetrexed plus platinum chemotherapy based on real-world data.

Background: Pemetrexed plus platinum chemotherapy is the first-line treatment option for lung adenocarcinoma. However, hematological toxicity is major dose-limiting and even life-threatening. The ability to anticipate hematological toxicity is of great value for identifying potential chemotherapy beneficiaries with minimal toxicity and optimizing treatment.

Effect of spinal orthosis on clinical outcomes of patients after oblique lumbar interbody fusion: a randomized controlled trial study protocol.

Background: Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is an internationally popular minimally invasive technology for the treatment of various lumbar diseases. Since its introduction to China in 2014, OLIF technology has clearly shown its superiority in reconstructing intervertebral stability, restoring intervertebral space height, achieving indirect decompression, and restoring normal lumbar sequence. However, some patients still suffer from persistent symptoms after OLIF, including low back pain and soreness, which indirectly affect the overall surgical efficacy and patient satisfaction.

Endoscopic Ruler for varix size measurement: A multicenter pilot study.

Background: We invented Endoscopic Ruler, a new endoscopic device to measure the size of varices in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension.

Aim: To assess the feasibility and safety of Endoscopic Ruler, and evaluate the agreement on identifying large oesophageal varices (OV) between Endoscopic Ruler and the endoscopists, as well as the interobserver agreement on diagnosing large OV using Endoscopic Ruler.

Methods: We prospectively and consecutively enrolled patients with cirrhosis from 11 hospitals, all of whom got esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with Endoscopic Ruler.

An unsupervised deep learning framework for predicting human essential genes from population and functional genomic data.

Background: The ability to accurately predict essential genes intolerant to loss-of-function (LOF) mutations can dramatically improve the identification of disease-associated genes. Recently, there have been numerous computational methods developed to predict human essential genes from population genomic data. While the existing methods are highly predictive of essential genes of long length, they have limited power in pinpointing short essential genes due to the sparsity of polymorphisms in the human genome.

Assessing the Presence of Recent Adaptation in the Human Genome With Mixture Density Regression.

How much genome differences between species reflect neutral or adaptive evolution is a central question in evolutionary genomics. In humans and other mammals, the presence of adaptive versus neutral genomic evolution has proven particularly difficult to quantify. The difficulty notably stems from the highly heterogeneous organization of mammalian genomes at multiple levels (functional sequence density, recombination, etc.

Deep multiple-instance learning accurately predicts gene haploinsufficiency and deletion pathogenicity.

Copy number losses (deletions) are a major contributor to the etiology of severe genetic disorders. Although haploinsufficient genes play a critical role in deletion pathogenicity, current methods for deletion pathogenicity prediction fail to integrate multiple lines of evidence for haploinsufficiency at the gene level, limiting their power to pinpoint deleterious deletions associated with genetic disorders. Here we introduce DosaCNV, a deep multiple-instance learning framework that, for the first time, models deletion pathogenicity jointly with gene haploinsufficiency.

Accurate sequencing of DNA motifs able to form alternative (non-B) structures.

Approximately 13% of the human genome at certain motifs have the potential to form noncanonical (non-B) DNA structures (e.g., G-quadruplexes, cruciforms, and Z-DNA), which regulate many cellular processes but also affect the activity of polymerases and helicases.

Direct Incorporation of Dinitrogen into an Aliphatic C-H Bond.

The activation of dinitrogen (N) and direct incorporation of its N atom into C-H bonds to create aliphatic C-N compounds remains unresolved. Incompatible conditions between dinitrogen reduction and C-H functionalization make this process extremely challenging. Herein, we report the first example of dinitrogen insertion into an aliphatic C-H bond on the ligand scaffold of a 1,3-propane-bridged [NN]-type dititanium complex.

Transcription factor binding sites are frequently under accelerated evolution in primates.

Recent comparative genomic studies have identified many human accelerated elements (HARs) with elevated substitution rates in the human lineage. However, it remains unknown to what extent transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) are under accelerated evolution in humans and other primates. Here, we introduce two pooling-based phylogenetic methods with dramatically enhanced sensitivity to examine accelerated evolution in TFBSs.

Timing of glaucoma treatment in patients with MICOF: A retrospective clinical study.

Purpose: To summarize and discuss the treatment and timing of glaucoma in patients with MICOF keratoprosthesis implantation to guide follow-up clinical treatment.

Methods: The data of 39 eyes (39 patients) with the Moscow Eye Microsurgery Complex in Russia (MICOF) keratoprosthesis implantation in our hospital from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2017 were collected, including patients with preexisting glaucoma and those who developed glaucoma after MICOF. The sex, age, preoperative diagnosis, glaucoma surgery, keratoplasty, times of keratoplasty, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and final follow-up corrected visual acuity, visual field (VF) defect, and cup-to-disk ratio (CDR) were statistically analyzed.

Extreme purifying selection against point mutations in the human genome.

Large-scale genome sequencing has enabled the measurement of strong purifying selection in protein-coding genes. Here we describe a new method, called ExtRaINSIGHT, for measuring such selection in noncoding as well as coding regions of the human genome. ExtRaINSIGHT estimates the prevalence of "ultraselection" by the fractional depletion of rare single-nucleotide variants, after controlling for variation in mutation rates.

Accuracy of segmented measurement of axial length in ultra-high myopia filled with silicone oil using immersion B-scan ultrasonography.

Aim: To evaluate the accuracy of segmented measurement of axial length (AL) in high myopia filled with silicone oil by immersion B-scan ultrasonography (immersion B-scan).

Methods: From June 2016 to June 2020, a total of 67 ultra-high myopia inpatients (67 eyes) who underwent silicone oil removal combined with cataract extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were retrospectively enrolled. The preoperative axial length (AL) of 31 patients with severe cataract were segmented measured using immersion B-scan (B-scan group) and another 36 patients with mild or moderate cataract were measured using IOLMaster 500 (IOLMaster group).

Prediction of response and adverse drug reaction of pemetrexed plus platinum-based chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma by serum metabolomic profiling.

Background: Pemetrexed plus platinum doublet chemotherapy regimen remains to be the standard first-line treatment for lung adenocarcinoma patients. However, few biomarkers can be used to identify potential beneficiaries with maximal efficacy and minimal toxicity. This study aimed to explore potential biomarker models predictive of efficacy and toxicity after pemetrexed plus platinum chemotherapy based on metabolomics profiling.

A novel immune-related ceRNA network that predicts prognosis and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the progression and malignancy of lung adenocarcinoma and affects the immunotherapy response. There is increasing evidence that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) have significant functions in the development and treatment response of various kinds of cancer. This study aimed to explore the association between immune-related lncRNA-microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA)-ceRNA networks, and the prognosis of and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma.

Dissecting Genomic Determinants of Positive Selection with an Evolution-Guided Regression Model.

In evolutionary genomics, it is fundamentally important to understand how characteristics of genomic sequences, such as gene expression level, determine the rate of adaptive evolution. While numerous statistical methods, such as the McDonald-Kreitman (MK) test, are available to examine the association between genomic features and the rate of adaptation, we currently lack a statistical approach to disentangle the independent effect of a genomic feature from the effects of other correlated genomic features. To address this problem, I present a novel statistical model, the MK regression, which augments the MK test with a generalized linear model.

Comparative analysis of the morphological and biomechanical properties of normal cornea and keratoconus at different stages.

Purpose: To compare the morphological and biomechanical properties of normal cornea and keratoconus at different stages.

Methods: A total of 408 patients (517 eyes) with keratoconus were included in this study. According to the Topographic Keratoconus (TKC) grading method, keratoconus was divided into stage I (TKC = 1, 130 eyes), stage II (TKC = 1-2, 2, 164 eyes), stage III (TKC = 2-3, 3, 125 eyes) and stage IV (TKC = 3-4, 4, 98 eyes).

Selection and thermostability suggest G-quadruplexes are novel functional elements of the human genome.

Approximately 1% of the human genome has the ability to fold into G-quadruplexes (G4s)-noncanonical strand-specific DNA structures forming at G-rich motifs. G4s regulate several key cellular processes (e.g.

Resistin increases cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells via a mitochondria-mediated pathway.

Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer with a high mortality rate. Cisplatin is one of the most important chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of lung cancer patients, especially in advanced stages. Recent studies show that cisplatin may interact with mitochondria to induce apoptosis, which may partly account for its cytotoxicity.

[Case-control study on the treatment of single-segment lumbar spinal stenosis with modified interlaminar approach and traditional approach].

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of modified interlaminar approach for the treatment of single-segment lumbar spinal stenosis.

Methods: From February 2015 to August 2017, 80 patients with single-segment lumbar spinal stenosis planned to undergo endoscopic surgery were selected, including 38 males and 42 females;aged 33 to 69 (47.6±9.