Protein palmitoylation is involved in regulating mouse sperm motility via the signals of calcium, protein tyrosine phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species.

Background: Protein palmitoylation, a critical posttranslational modification, plays an indispensable role in various cellular processes, including the regulation of protein stability, mediation of membrane fusion, facilitation of intracellular protein trafficking, and participation in cellular signaling pathways. It is also implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders, inflammation, metabolic disorders, infections, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, its regulatory effects on sperm physiology, particularly motility, remain unclear.

A mononuclear iron(II) complex constructed using a complementary ligand pair exhibits intrinsic luminescence-spin-crossover coupling.

Molecular materials that exhibit synergistic coupling between luminescence and spin-crossover (SCO) behaviors hold significant promise for applications in molecular sensors and memory devices. However, the rational design and underlying coupling mechanisms remain substantial challenges in this field. In this study, we utilized a luminescent complementary ligand pair as an intramolecular luminophore to construct a new Fe-based SCO complex, namely [FeLL](BF)·HO (1-Fe, L is a 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (TPY) derivative ligand and L is 2,6-di-1-pyrazol-1-yl-4-pyridinecarboxylic acid), and two isomorphic analogs (2-Co, [CoLL](BF)·HO and 3-Zn, [ZnLL](BF)·HO).

N6-methyladenosine RNA modification regulates the transcription of SLC7A11 through KDM6B and GATA3 to modulate ferroptosis.

Background: Recent studies indicate that N6-methyladenosine (mA) RNA modification may regulate ferroptosis in cancer cells, while its molecular mechanisms require further investigation.

Methods: Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) was used to detect changes in mA levels in cells. Transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry were used to detect mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Immunological pathogenesis and treatment progress of adenovirus pneumonia in children.

Human adenovirus is an infectious agent that causes respiratory infections in adults and children. It has been found that immunocompromised children are highly susceptible to this pathogen, as it can swiftly evolve into severe pneumonia with multiple sequelae. Due to the lack of immunity in children, the body's response mechanisms to innate and acquired immunity are specialized.

Ultrasound radiomics model based on grayscale transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy for diagnosing prostate cancer and predicting distant metastasis.

Objective: A prostate ultrasound (US) imaging omics model was established to assess its effectiveness in diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa), predicting Gleason score (GS), and determining the likelihood of distant metastasis.

Methods: US images of patients with prostate pathology confirmed by biopsy or surgery at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Regions of interest (ROI) segmentation, feature extraction, feature screening, and the construction and training of the radiomics model were performed.

The epitranscriptional factor PCIF1 orchestrates CD8 T cell ferroptosis and activation to control antitumor immunity.

T cell-based immunotherapies have revolutionized cancer treatment, yet durable responses remain elusive. Here we show that PCIF1, an RNA N 2'-O-dimethyladenosine (mA) methyltransferase, negatively regulates CD8 T cell antitumor responses. Whole-body or T cell-specific Pcif1 knockout (KO) reduced tumor growth in mice.

Hypoxia-Preconditioned Adipose Stem Cell Exosomes Promote Adipose Graft Vascular Regeneration via miRNA-126.

Background And Objective: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (ASCs-Exos) possess angiogenic potential, which can enhance the retention rate of fat grafts. Hypoxic preconditioning can augment their functionality. However, the optimal conditions for hypoxic preconditioning and the specific mechanisms by which it exerts its effects are not well defined.

Indoor incense burning and impaired lung function in patients with diabetes.

While recent studies have indicated a potential link between incense burning and respiratory diseases, there is a lack of data specifically focused on diabetic patients. To explore the relationship between indoor incense burning and impaired lung function among Chinese individuals with diabetes, a comprehensive cross-sectional study was undertaken, enrolling 431 adults diagnosed with diabetes. Information on incense burning and characteristics was collected using a structured questionnaire.

Advancing therapeutic strategies for graft-versus-host disease by targeting gut microbiome dynamics in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: current evidence and future directions.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a highly effective therapy for malignant blood illnesses that pose a high risk, as well as diseases that are at risk due to other variables, such as genetics. However, the prevalence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) has impeded its widespread use. Ensuring the stability of microbial varieties and associated metabolites is crucial for supporting metabolic processes, preventing pathogen intrusion, and modulating the immune system.

Neurotensin-neurotensin receptor 2 signaling in adipocytes suppresses food intake through regulating ceramide metabolism.

Neurotensin (NTS) is a secretory peptide produced by lymphatic endothelial cells. Our previous study revealed that NTS suppressed the activity of brown adipose tissue via interactions with NTSR2. In the current study, we found that the depletion of Ntsr2 in white adipocytes upregulated food intake, while the local treatment of NTS suppressed food intake.

Inhibiting autophagy selectively prunes dysfunctional tumor vessels and optimizes the tumor immune microenvironment.

Dysfunctional tumor vasculature, hypoxia, and an immunosuppressive microenvironment are significant barriers to effective cancer therapy. Autophagy, which is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and apoptosis resistance, is primarily triggered by hypoxia and nutrient deprivation, conditions prevalent in dysfunctional tumor vessels due to poor circulation. However, the role of autophagy in dysfunctional tumor endothelial cells and its impact on treatment and the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain poorly understood.

Input-output specific orchestration of aversive valence in lateral habenula during stress dynamics.

Stress has been considered as a major risk factor for depressive disorders, triggering depression onset via inducing persistent dysfunctions in specialized brain regions and neural circuits. Among various regions across the brain, the lateral habenula (LHb) serves as a critical hub for processing aversive information during the dynamic process of stress accumulation, thus having been implicated in the pathogenesis of depression. LHb neurons integrate aversive valence conveyed by distinct upstream inputs, many of which selectively innervate the medial part (LHbM) or lateral part (LHbL) of LHb.

Chicken genome-wide CRISPR library screen identifies potential candidates associated with Avian influenza virus infection.

The avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a significant threat to both the poultry industry and public health. Systematic identification of host factors involved in AIV infection in chicken is critical. In this study, we developed a comprehensive chicken genome-wide sgRNA library containing 76,350 sgRNAs, with 4-6 sgRNAs designed per gene.

Lung Transplant Success in COVID-19 Patients Requiring V-V ECMO: One-Year Follow-Up.

BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) can result in severe disease requiring mechanical ventilatory support. A subset of these patients, however, demonstrate refractory hypoxemia/hypercarbia requiring veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) as adjunctive therapy. The primary goal of V-V ECMO is a "bridge" to recovery of native lung function; however, patients may progress to irreversible pulmonary damage requiring lung transplantation.

Application of a 3D Fusion Model to Evaluate the Efficacy of Clear Aligner Therapy in Malocclusion Patients: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Investigating the safe range of orthodontic tooth movement is essential for maintaining oral and maxillofacial stability post-treatment. Although clear aligners rely on pre-treatment digital models, their effect on periodontal hard tissues remains uncertain. By integrating CBCT-derived cervical and root data with crown data from digital intraoral scans, a three-dimensional (3D) fusion model may enhance precision and safety.

Depressive Symptoms in Adults with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Background: Individuals with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) face mental health challenges linked to disease progression and its heritable nature. Prior studies reported mixed associations between depressive symptoms and ADPKD severity and progression. Here, we assessed depressive symptoms and disease severity over three years in ADPKD patients without end-stage kidney disease.

A new RRS method for measurement of temperature with magnetic-liquid crystal nanosurface molecularly imprinted polymer probe.

A new magnetic-liquid crystal nanosurface molecularly imprinted polymer (5CB-FeO@MIP) resonance Rayleigh scattering temperature sensor was prepared, using liquid crystal 4'-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl as the temperature sensing element, nano-FeO as the substrate, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the crosslinking agent. It was characterized by molecular spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermosensitive effect of 11 liquid crystals, that is, the relationship between RRS and temperature, was studied.

Tim-3 pathway dysregulation and targeting in sepsis-induced immunosuppression.

Sepsis is a major medical problem which causes millions of deaths worldwide every year. The host immune response in sepsis is characterized by acute inflammation and a simultaneous state of immunosuppression. In the later stage of sepsis, immunosuppression is a crucial factor that increases the susceptibility of septic patients to secondary infection and mortality.

Cold-Induced Browning: A Novel Method to Improve the Retention Rate of Fat Graft.

Background: Autologous fat grafting is frequently used to heal soft-tissue defects. The key restriction that must be addressed is the poor transplant retention rate. Growing evidence has demonstrated that the browning of white adipose tissue enhances the survival of fat grafts.

Single-cell transcriptomic reveals the peritoneal microenvironmental change in long-term peritoneal dialysis patients with ultrafiltration failure.

The microenvironmental changes in peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE) after long-term vintage (LV) of PD in patients with ultrafiltration failure (LV_UF) are unclear. Single-cell sequencing revealed that peritoneal neutrophils were elevated in LV_UF patients, while MRC1-macrophage subcluster decreased compared with PD patients with short vintage (SV) and LV without ultrafiltration failure (LV_NOT_UF). Compared with the LV_NOT_UF group, the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of monocytes/macrophages in the LV_UF group were involved in inflammatory response and EMT progress.