The molecular structure of an axle-less F-ATPase.

FF ATP synthase is a molecular rotary motor that can generate ATP using a transmembrane proton motive force. Isolated F-ATPase catalytic cores can hydrolyse ATP, passing through a series of conformational states involving rotation of the central γ rotor subunit and the opening and closing of the catalytic β subunits. Cooperativity in F-ATPase has long thought to be conferred through the γ subunit, with three key interaction sites between the γ and β subunits being identified.

Machine learning enables pan-cancer identification of mutational hotspots at persistent CTCF binding sites.

CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is an insulator protein that binds to a highly conserved DNA motif and facilitates regulation of three-dimensional (3D) nuclear architecture and transcription. CTCF binding sites (CTCF-BSs) reside in non-coding DNA and are frequently mutated in cancer. Our previous study identified a small subclass of CTCF-BSs that are resistant to CTCF knock down, termed persistent CTCF binding sites (P-CTCF-BSs).

Surface-Induced Hydrophobin Assemblies with Versatile Properties and Distinct Underlying Structures.

Hydrophobins are remarkable proteins due to their ability to self-assemble into amphipathic coatings that reverse surface wettability. Here, the versatility of the Class I hydrophobins EAS and DewY in diverse nanosuspension and coating applications is demonstrated. The hydrophobins are shown to coat or emulsify a range of substrates including oil, hydrophobic drugs, and nanodiamonds and alter their solution and surface behavior.

Changes within the central stalk of E. coli FF ATP synthase observed after addition of ATP.

FF ATP synthase functions as a biological generator and makes a major contribution to cellular energy production. Proton flow generates rotation in the F motor that is transferred to the F motor to catalyze ATP production, with flexible F/F coupling required for efficient catalysis. FF ATP synthase can also operate in reverse, hydrolyzing ATP and pumping protons, and in bacteria this function can be regulated by an inhibitory ε subunit.

Structural analysis of the Sulfolobus solfataricus TF55β chaperonin by cryo-electron microscopy.

Chaperonins are biomolecular complexes that assist in protein folding. Thermophilic factor 55 (TF55) is a group II chaperonin found in the archaeal genus Sulfolobus that has α, β and γ subunits. Using cryo-electron microscopy, structures of the β-only complex of S.

Cryo-EM structures provide insight into how E. coli FF ATP synthase accommodates symmetry mismatch.

FF ATP synthase functions as a biological rotary generator that makes a major contribution to cellular energy production. It comprises two molecular motors coupled together by a central and a peripheral stalk. Proton flow through the F motor generates rotation of the central stalk, inducing conformational changes in the F motor that catalyzes ATP production.

The MTA1 subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex can recruit two copies of RBBP4/7.

The nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex remodels the genome in the context of both gene transcription and DNA damage repair. It is essential for normal development and is distributed across multiple tissues in organisms ranging from mammals to nematode worms. In common with other chromatin-remodeling complexes, however, its molecular mechanism of action is not well understood and only limited structural information is available to show how the complex is assembled.