Predictive factors for complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: Knowledge of the risk factors for complications following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is sparse and there is not a consensus regarding the criteria to define the complications. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive risk factors for this surgery using the international study group definition.

Patients And Methods: Between October 1999 and September 2005, data from 295 consecutive patients who underwent a PD in the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital were recorded prospectively.

Distal bile duct carcinoma: prognostic factors after curative surgery. A series of 112 cases.

Background: The identification of independent prognostic indicators in distal bile duct carcinomas (DBDCs) has been limited by the small number of tumors and a lack of molecular prognostic markers. Markers assessed in combination may perform better than those considered individually. We conducted this study to identify prognostic predictors of patients with DBDC with special focus on combination of expression of p53 protein and clinicopathological predictors.

The SPECTRUM population model of the impact of screening and treatment on U.S. breast cancer trends from 1975 to 2000: principles and practice of the model methods.

Objective: This stochastic simulation model was developed to estimate the impact of screening and treatment diffusion on U.S. breast cancer mortality between 1975 and 2000.

Fine mapping of the recessive genic male-sterile gene (Bnms1) in Brassica napus L.

A recessive genic male sterility (RGMS) system, S45 AB, has been developed from spontaneous mutation in Brassica napus canola variety Oro, and is being used for hybrid cultivar development in China. The male sterility of S45 was controlled by two duplicated recessive genes, named as Bnms1 and Bnms2. In this study, a NIL (near-isogenic line) population from the sib-mating of S45 AB was developed and used for the fine mapping of the Bnms1 gene, in which the recessive allele was homozygous at the second locus.

Surgical therapy for hiliar cholangiocarcinoma: analysis of 198 cases.

Background: Carcinoma of the hepatic duct confluence is the most common site of bile duct malignancies. Although hilar cholangiocarcinoma has been characterized as a slow-growing and late metastasizing tumor, post-therapeutic prognosis has remained poor. The study was undertaken to analyze factors influencing the surgical curative effect of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

[Reoperation for postoperative constipation recurrences of Hirschsprung disease].

Objective: To summarize the causes and treatment experiences of postoperative constipation recurrences of Hirschsprung disease.

Methods: Clinical data of 37 cases receiving operation again for postoperative constipation recurrences of Hirschsprung disease were collected. The recurrent causes, reoperation procedures and therapeutic efficacy were analyzed.

[Determination of the concentration of serum free fatty acids in type 2 diabetic].

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum free fatty acids (FFA) concentration in type 2 diabetics.

Methods: The concentration of serum free fatty acids in type 2 diabetics were measured by enzymology in Hitachi 7170A automatic analyzer, and compared with that of surgical patients without diabetes mellitus.

Results: FFA level of type 2 diabetic (0.

[Analysis of the relation between surgery and prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma].

Objective: To explore the prognosis factors of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, and investigate the relation between operative procedure and prognosis of it.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was investigated in 198 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma, who were treated in our hospital from December 1997 to December 2002. There were 117 males and 81 females.

Excretion and detection of SARS coronavirus and its nucleic acid from digestive system.

Aim: To study whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) could be excreted from digestive system.

Methods: Cell culture and semi-nested RT-PCR were used to detect SARS-CoV and its RNA from 21 stool and urine samples, and a kind of electropositive filter media particles was used to concentrate the virus in 10 sewage samples from two hospitals receiving SARS patients in Beijing in China.

Results: It was demonstrated that there was no live SARS-CoV in all samples collected, but the RNA of SARS-CoV could be detected in seven stool samples from SARS patients with any one of the symptoms of fever, malaise, cough, or dyspnea, in 10 sewage samples before disinfection and 3 samples after disinfection from the two hospitals.

Concentration and detection of SARS coronavirus in sewage from Xiao Tang Shan Hospital and the 309th Hospital.

The transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is associated with close contact to SARS patients and droplet secretions of those patients. The finding of positive RT-PCR results from stools of SARS patients suggests that stools of SARS patients or sewage containing stools of patients could transmit SARS-CoV. We used a novel style of electropositive filter media particle to concentrate the SARS-CoV from the sewage of two hospitals receiving SARS patients in Beijing.

Geographic disparities in cervical cancer mortality: what are the roles of risk factor prevalence, screening, and use of recommended treatment?

Context: Despite advances in early detection and prevention of cervical cancer, women living in rural areas, and particularly in Appalachia, the rural South, the Texas/Mexico border, and the central valley of California, have had consistently higher rates of cervical cancer mortality than their counterparts in other areas during the past several decades.

Methods: This paper reviews the published literature from 1966 to July 2002 to assess three potential pathways underlying this excess mortality--high human papilloma virus (HPV) prevalence, lack of or infrequent screening and advanced disease at diagnosis, and under-use of recommended treatment and shorter survival.

Findings: Living in rural areas may impose barriers to cervical cancer control, including lack of transportation and medical care infrastructures.

[Detection of SARS-CoV and RNA on aerosol samples from SARS-patients admitted to hospital].

Objective: To assess the risk of aerosol transmission in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients admitted to Hospital through testing the air samples.

Methods: Air samples were collected from 7 wards and 1 balcony of the Hospital, 3 times a day for 3 continuous days, using bioaerosol sampler type FA-2. Bioaerosol particles were then washed down from the samples by serum-free Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) culture medium.

Surgical procedure and prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma has a low radical resection rate and a poor long-term survival rate. In recent years, its prognosis has been improved with advancement of preoperative diagnostic techniques and surgical techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and the relations of surgical procedure to the prognosis of the carcinoma.

[Prognostic analysis of patients suffering from distal bile duct cancer].

Objective: To study prognostic factors after surgical procedure for distal bile duct cancer.

Methods: A retrospective clinical analysis was made in 173 cases of distal bile duct cancer, admitted to our hospital from February 1996 to December 2002. Fourteen clinicopathologic factors that could possibly influence survival were selected.

[Partial hepatectomy with skeletonization of the hepatoduodenal ligament for hilar cholangiocarcinoma].

Objective: To sum up author's experience and to define the role of partial hepatectomy with skeletonization resection in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods: Between January 1999 and December 2001, 67 patients underwent exploration in our hospital. The clinical records of these patients were reviewed.

The relationship between surgery and prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the prognostic factors of gallbladder carcinoma and the relationship between operative procedure and prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma.

Method: A retrospective clinical analysis was made in 56 patients with gallbladder carcinoma who had undergone surgery at our department from 1995 to 2001.

Results: Of the 56 patients, 20 were men and 36 women with a male to female ratio of 1:1.

[Detection of serum sialic acid in three kinds of malignant tumor and its clinical significance].

Objective: To study the diagnostic significance and clinical effect of the detection of serum sialic acid (SA) in three kinds of malignant tumor.

Methods: The specimens (172) were divided into the healthy control group (100), lung cancer group (31), leukemia group (28) and rectual cancer group (17), and then the serum SA concentration in those specimens was analyzed and statistic analysis was conducted.

Results: The SA levels of the malignant tumor groups before and after the treatment were significantly higher than those of the healthy control group (P < 0.

[Posterior pedicle screw system and interbody fusion in the treatment of degenerative scoliosis].

Objective: To investigate clinical results of posterior pedicle screw system and interbody fusion in the treatment of degenerative scoliosis.

Methods: From September 1997 to June 2002, 32 cases with degenerative scoliosis were analyzed for operative effect, postoperative complication and follow-up results.

Results: The average correcting ratio of scoliosis was 47.

[Surgical treatment of degenerative scoliosis].

Objective: To investigate the techniques and indications of treatment of degenerative scoliosis.

Methods: The clinical data of 45 degenerative scoliosis patients, 18 males and 27 females, aged 41 - 77, all suffering from severe low back pain, were analyzed. Twenty of them underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion with pedicle screws combined with correction of scoliosis.

[Surgical treatment of degenerative scoliosis].

Objectives: To investigate the techniques of posterior lumbar interbody fusion and pedicle screws in the treatment of degenerative scoliosis and evaluate their clinical significance.

Methods: Twenty five patients with degenerative scoliosis were treated operatively during 1997 - 2002. Among the 25 patients, 13 patients were treated with Brantigan I/F carbon cages in 28 intervertebral spaces, 7 patients were treated with Prospace cages in 15 spaces, 1 patient was treated with CONTACT cages in 2 spaces.

Costs and benefits of different strategies to screen for cervical cancer in less-developed countries.

Background: About 80% of cervical cancers occur in less-developed countries. This disproportionate burden of cervical cancer in such countries is due mainly to the lack of well-organized screening programs. Several cervical cancer screening strategies have been proposed as more cost-effective than cytology screening.

[Operative complications in tethered cord syndrome and their management].

Objectives: To find out the common complications induced by the operation on patients with tethered cord syndrome (TCS) and to discuss the mechanism and the treatment of these complications.

Methods: During 1993 and 2001, the spinal cords of 87 patients with TCS were explored and released operatively. The operative complications were analyzed retrospectively and the results of prevention and treatment of these complications were evaluated.

Benefits and costs of using HPV testing to screen for cervical cancer.

Context: Despite quality assurance standards, Papanicolaou (Pap) test characteristics remain less than optimal.

Objective: To compare the societal costs and benefits of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, Pap testing, and their combination to screen for cervical cancer.

Design, Setting, And Population: A simulation model of neoplasia natural history was used to estimate the societal costs and quality-adjusted life expectancy associated with 18 different general population screening strategies: Pap plus HPV testing, Pap testing alone, and HPV testing alone every 2 or 3 years among hypothetical longitudinal cohorts of US women beginning at age 20 years and continuing to 65 years, 75 years, or death.