The effect of land use and land cover on soil carbon storage in the Yellow River Delta, China: Implications for wetland restoration and adaptive management.

Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the effect of land use/land cover (LULC) and soil depth on soil carbon storage, through the manipulation of external carbon input and turnover processes, is crucial for accurate predictions of regional soil carbon storage. Numerous research investigations have been conducted to examine the impact of LULC on the storage and cycling of carbon in the surface soils of coastal wetlands. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of understanding concerning the implications of this phenomenon on subterranean soils, a crucial factor in discerning the capacity for carbon sequestration in coastal wetlands and implementing measures for their preservation.

Differentiation of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua from Different Geographical Origins by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy with Chemometrics.

Background: The identification of the geographical origin of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is of particular importance because the quality and market value of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua from different production areas are highly variable due to differences in the growing environment and climatic conditions.

Objective: This study utilized near-infrared spectra (NIR) of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (n = 400) to develop qualitative models for effective differentiation of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua from various regions.

Methods: The models were produced under different conditions to distinguish the origins distinctly.

The synergy effect of multi-country policy actions announced in reaction to global risk: A network structure perspective.

The policy actions of countries reflect adaptive responses of local components within the system to the dynamic global risk landscape. These responses can generate interactions and synergy effects on alleviating the evolution of global risks. Adopting a network perspective, the study proposes a theoretical framework that connects three structural characteristics of policy synergy, namely, synergy scale, alignment intensity, and timing synchronization.

Proton Pump Inhibitors Increase the Risk of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-Related Small-Bowel Injury: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Conflicting results exist on the association between proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-related small-bowel damage. The aim of this study was to determine whether PPIs increased the risk of NSAID-related small-bowel damage by meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic electronic search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted from the time the database was created until March 31, 2022, for studies reporting associations between PPI use and outcomes, including the endoscopy-verified prevalence of small-bowel injury, mean number of small-bowel injuries per patient, change in hemoglobin level, and risk of small-bowel bleeding in subjects taking NSAIDs.

IL-1β promotes IL-17A production of ILC3s to aggravate neutrophilic airway inflammation in mice.

IL-17A-producing group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have been found to participate in the development of various phenotypes of asthma, however, little is known about how ILC3s mediate neutrophilic airway inflammation. Elevated IL-1β has been reported in neutrophilic asthma (NA) and IL-1β receptor is highly expressed on lung ILC3s. Therefore, we hypothesize that IL-1β aggravates neutrophilic airway inflammation via provoking IL-17A-producing ILC3s.

Tandem reduction and trifluoroethylation of quinolines and quinoxalines with trifluoroacetic acid and trimethylamine borane.

A metal-free tandem reduction and -trifluoroethylation of quinolines and quinoxalines has been developed. It provided a convenient route to access trifluoroethylated tetrahydroquinolines and tetrahydroquinoxalines. This one-pot method avoids the purification process of the intermediate.

Switchable Reductive -Trifluoroethylation and -Trifluoroacetylation of Indoles with Trifluoroacetic Acid and Trimethylamine Borane.

The metal-free reductive -trifluoroethylation and -trifluoroacetylation of indoles have been developed. Bench stable and inexpensive trimethylamine borane and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were utilized as the reductive and fluorinating reagents, respectively. These transformations were switchable on the basis of altering the loading of trimethylamine borane and TFA.

Soil indigenous microorganisms alleviate soluble vanadium release from industrial dusts.

Vanadium-bearing dusts from industrial processes release abundant toxic vanadium, posing imminent ecological and human health concerns. Although the precipitation of these dusts has been recognized as the main source of soil vanadium pollution, little is known regarding the interrelationships between industrial dusts and soil inherent compositions. In this study, the interactions between dusts from vanadium smelting and soil indigenous microorganisms were investigated.

Metal-free regioselective nitration of quinoxalin-2(1)-ones with -butyl nitrite.

A metal-free coupling of quinoxalin-2(1)-ones with -butyl nitrite has been developed. Distinctly from the previous functionalization of quinoxalin-2(1)-ones, this nitration reaction took place selectively at the C7 or C5 position of the phenyl ring, affording a series of 7-nitro and 5-nitro quinoxalin-2(1)-ones in moderate to good yields. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction may involve a radical process.

Novel Pathway for Vanadium(V) Bio-Detoxification by Gram-Positive .

Whereas prospects of bioremediation for a vanadium(V) [V(V)]-contaminated environment are widely recognized, reported functional species are extremely limited, with the vast majority of Gram-negative bacteria in Proteobacteria. Herein, the effectiveness of V(V) reduction is proved for the first time by , a Gram-positive bacterium in Firmicutes. The V(V) removal efficiency was 86.

Vanadium contamination and associated health risk of farmland soil near smelters throughout China.

Whereas there is broad consensus that smelting causes serious soil contamination during vanadium production, little is known about the vanadium content of soil near smelters and the associated health risk at continental scale. This study is the first to map the distribution of vanadium in farmland soil surrounding smelters throughout mainland China, and assess the associated health risk. Analysis of 76 samples indicated that the average vanadium content in such soil was 115.

Halohydroxylation of alkenyl MIDA boronates: switchable stereoselectivity induced by B(MIDA) substituent.

The synthesis of α-boryl halohydrins via difunctionalization of alkenyl MIDA boronates has been reported. Intriguing stereoselectivity was found with different halogen sources, which arises from the special stabilizing effect of the B(MIDA) moiety. The transformation provided cis addition products using Cl or Br as the halogen source, while trans addition products were obtained when I was employed.