Bilateral or unilateral tubo-ovarian abscess: exploring its clinical significance.

Objectives: To assess the characteristics of patients with unilateral and bilateral tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA).

Methods: Women diagnosed with TOA during 2003-2017 were included in this retrospective cohort study. TOA was diagnosed using sonography or computerized tomography and clinical criteria, or by surgical diagnosis.

Sentinel lymph node sampling versus full lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer: a SEER database analysis.

Objective: To assess the long term outcomes and prognosis of sentinel lymph node sampling compared with full lymph node dissection in endometrial cancer patients.

Methods: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for information on women diagnosed with endometrial cancer from 2010 to 2019. We conducted a comparison including overall survival between patients who had undergone sentinel lymph node sampling only and patients who had undergone formal lymph node dissection.

Upfront surgery in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and enlarged supradiaphragmatic lymph nodes associated with comparable to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: There is little data regarding the optimal approach to advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with isolated extra-peritoneal disease in the cardiophrenic lymph nodes. This study assessed whether the prognosis and surgical outcomes are affected by the treatment approach among these patients.

Material And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with advanced EOC, who were treated 2012-2020.

Proteomic signature for detection of high-grade ovarian cancer in germline BRCA mutation carriers.

No current screening methods for high-grade ovarian cancer (HGOC) guarantee effective early detection for high-risk women such as germline BRCA mutation carriers. Therefore, the standard-of-care remains risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) around age 40. Proximal liquid biopsy is a promising source of biomarkers, but sensitivity has not yet qualified for clinical implementation.

Germline BRCA mutation carriers are more likely to undergo cytoreductive surgery for relapsed, platinum sensitive, ovarian cancer.

Objective: BRCA mutations have been associated with improved outcomes in ovarian cancer patients. This study's objective was to compare the secondary cytoreduction surgery (SCS) rates among ovarian cancer patients by BRCA mutation status.

Methods: The study was retrospective and included platinum sensitive recurrent high grade serous ovarian cancer patients from one Canadian center and two Israeli centers from January 1999 to December 2018.

Predictors of uncommon location of sentinel nodes in endometrial and cervical cancers.

Objective: Sentinel node mapping is widely used in the treatment of gynecologic cancers. The current study aimed to identify predictors of uncommon sentinel lymph node (SLN) locations.

Methods: The current study included women who were operated for endometrial or cervical cancer with attempted sentinel lymph node mapping during surgical staging.

High grade, advanced, serous ovarian cancer with low serum CA125 levels.

This study compares characteristics of advanced stage, high grade serous ovarian cancer, presenting with high or low serum CA125 level. This was a retrospective cohort of 118 patients with high grade serous ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer, stages IIIC-IV diagnosed from January 1 1997 through January 9 2017. Patient demographics, tumour characteristics, surgical findings, chemotherapy protocols and clinical outcomes were collected.

DIO3, the thyroid hormone inactivating enzyme, promotes tumorigenesis and metabolic reprogramming in high grade serous ovarian cancer.

High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy with a need for better understanding the disease pathogenesis. The biologically active thyroid hormone, T3, is considered a tumor suppressor by promoting cell differentiation and mitochondrial respiration. Tumors evolved a strategy to avoid these anticancer actions by expressing the T3 catabolizing enzyme, Deiodinase type 3 (DIO3).

Age is an independent predictor of outcome in endometrial cancer patients: An Israeli Gynecology Oncology Group cohort study.

Introduction: Advanced age is considered an adverse factor in endometrial cancers but may be a surrogate for other conditions that impact outcomes. The study objective was to assess the association of age with endometrial cancer features, treatment and prognosis.

Material And Methods: In this multicenter cohort study, consecutive women with endometrial cancer treated at 10 Israeli institutions between 2000 and 2014 were accrued in an assimilated database.

Time interval from biopsy to surgery and risk for adjuvant therapy in patients with low-risk endometrial cancer.

Objective: Among patients with endometrial cancer, longer wait times to surgery were associated with decreased survival. Although endometrial cancer survival rate is high, about 45% of patients receive adjuvant therapy. The aim of this study was to examine whether a longer interval from diagnosis to surgery is associated with increased need for adjuvant treatment among patients with low-risk endometrial cancer.

The identification of nuclear αvβ3 integrin in ovarian cancer: non-paradigmal localization with cancer promoting actions.

Nuclear translocation of transmembrane proteins was reported in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), a highly aggressive gynecological malignancy. Although the membrane receptor αvβ3 integrin is amply expressed in HGSOC and involved in disease progression, its nuclear localization was never demonstrated. Nuclear αvβ3 was explored in HGSOC cells (OVCAR3, KURAMOCHI, and JHOS4), nuclear localization signal (NLS) modified β3 OVCAR3, Chinese hamster ovaries (CHO-K1) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) before/after transfections with β3/β1 integrins.

Ethnic Disparities for Gynecologic Cancers in Israel.

Background: Israel's unique population is comprised of two main ethnic groups-Jews (75%) and Arabs (21%), with differing socioeconomic, cultural, and genetic profiles. This study's objective was to evaluate disparities in the incidence, presentation, and outcomes of gynecologic cancers among Israeli women of Arab and Jewish ethnicity.

Methods: Data on the Israeli female population diagnosed with gynecologic cancers during the years 2000-2012 was obtained from the National Cancer Registry and the National Population Registry.

Chemotherapy Toxicity in Mutation Carriers Undergoing First-Line Platinum-Based Chemotherapy.

Objective: mutations are the most frequent mutations causing homologous recombination defects in epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). Germline mutation carriers are heterozygous for the mutation and harbor one defective allele in all cells. This has been hypothesized to cause increased susceptibility to DNA damage in healthy cells as well as neoplastic ones.

Conservative management for postmenopausal women with tubo-ovarian abscess.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe the experience of one institution in management and outcome of tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) in pre- and postmenopausal women and to reassess the optimal approach for TOA in postmenopausal women.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study included women diagnosed with TOA between 2003 and 2017 in a tertiary referral center. TOA was diagnosed by sonography or computerized tomography and at least one of the following criteria: temperature more than 38°C, leukocytosis more than 15,000 mm, or surgically proven disease.

Microvesicle Proteomic Profiling of Uterine Liquid Biopsy for Ovarian Cancer Early Detection.

High-grade ovarian cancer (HGOC) is the leading cause of mortality from gynecological malignancies, because of diagnosis at a metastatic stage. Current screening options fail to improve mortality because of the absence of early-stage-specific biomarkers. We postulated that a liquid biopsy, such as utero-tubal lavage (UtL), may identify localized lesions better than systemic approaches of serum/plasma analysis.

Impact of adjuvant treatment on outcome in high-risk early-stage endometrial cancer: a retrospective three-center study.

Objective: High grade and non-endometrioid endometrial cancers carry a poor prognosis, and the lack of randomized prospective data has led to a wide range of practice regarding adjuvant therapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of different treatment strategies in patients with high-risk, early-stage endometrial cancer.

Methods: Patients with high-grade endometrioid, serous endometrial cancer and carcinosarcoma diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 were identified from databases in three gynecologic oncology divisions, in Toronto and in Israel.

Postoperative radiation rates in stage IIA1 cervical cancer: Is surgical treatment justified? An Israeli Gynecologic Oncology Group Study.

Objectives: Data on the outcome of stage IIA1 cervical cancer is limited, as these tumors comprise a small percentage of early tumors. NCCN guidelines suggest consideration of surgical management for small tumors with vaginal involvement. Our objective was to evaluate the risk of adjuvant radiotherapy in stage IIA1 cervical cancer and its associated features, in order to improve selection of patients for surgical management.

Impact of BRCA mutations on outcomes among patients with serous endometrial cancer.

Objective: To compare the outcome of patients with uterine papillary serous cancer (UPSC) carrying a BRCA mutation with that of patients with UPSC who are BRCA wild-type.

Methods: The present retrospective, multicenter cohort study included women with UPSC who were diagnosed between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2014, and were tested for the BRCA mutation at three Israeli medical centers. Data were collected from the medical records, and patient and tumor characteristics and disease outcomes were compared between BRCA mutation carriers and noncarriers.

Predictors for lymph nodes involvement in low risk endometrial cancer.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and BMI were examined as pre-operative predictors for lymph node metastases in patients with low-risk endometrial cancer. The study was a retrospective analysis of 534 endometrial cancer patients that underwent hysterectomy and lymph node dissection. Included subjects had a preoperative diagnosis of a grade 1 or 2 endometrioid carcinoma and no macroscopic extrauterine disease.

Predictive factors for the presence of malignant transformation of pelvic endometriosis.

Objectives: To determine predictive factors for the presence of malignant transformation in ovarian endometriotic cysts.

Study Design: This was an IRB approved, case control study analyzing patient data from 2004 to 2013. Pathology database records were searched to identify patients with benign endometrioma and ovarian carcinoma arising in the background of endometriosis.

Comparison between amniotomy, oxytocin or both for augmentation of labor in prolonged latent phase: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: A prolonged latent phase is independently associated with an increased incidence of subsequent labor abnormalities. We aimed to compare between oxytocin augmentation, amniotomy and a combination of both on the duration of labor among women with a prolonged latent phase.

Methods: Women with a singleton fetus in cephalic presentation who have a prolonged latent phase, were randomly allocated to amniotomy (group 1), oxytocin (group 2) or both (group 3).

Rudimentary horn pregnancy diagnosed by ultrasound and treated by laparoscopy--a case report and review of the literature.

Pregnancy in a rudimentary horn occurs once in 76,000 pregnancies. The most significant threat of pregnancy in a rudimentary horn is the risk of rupture. With the use of ultrasound the diagnosis can be made before symptoms occur.

Abdominal scar characteristics as a predictor of intra-abdominal adhesions at repeat cesarean delivery.

Objective: To investigate whether abdominal scar characteristics could predict the incidence and severity of intra-abdominal adhesions found at repeat cesarean delivery.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Delivery suite of a university-based obstetrics unit.