Evolution of rates, patterns, and driving forces of green eco-spaces in a subtropical hilly region.

Monitoring ecological resource change in mountainous and hilly areas (MHAs) is vital for theoretical and practical advancements of ecological resource utilization and management in complex ecosystems. The factors driving structural and functional changes in green eco-spaces (GES) in these areas are complex and uncertain, with notable spatial scale effects. However, analyzing the multi-scale driving mechanisms of ecological and socioeconomic factors at a fine spatiotemporal scale presents significant challenges.

Robust Variable Selection with Exponential Squared Loss for the Spatial Single-Index Varying-Coefficient Model.

As spatial correlation and heterogeneity often coincide in the data, we propose a spatial single-index varying-coefficient model. For the model, in this paper, a robust variable selection method based on spline estimation and exponential squared loss is offered to estimate parameters and identify significant variables. We establish the theoretical properties under some regularity conditions.