Prevention of respiratory syncytial virus from 1991 to 2024: a systematic review and bibliometrics analysis.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) puts children and elderly individuals worldwide at risk for severe health issues and financial difficulties. Prevention is the main treatment for RSV infection, as there is currently no particular therapy. By using bibliometrics analysis, this study attempted to map the increasing tendency in the prevention of RSV infection from January 1991 to August 2024 and to examine the frontiers and hotspots of related research.

Silk films with distinct surface topography modulate plasma membrane curvature to polarize macrophages.

The physical properties of a biomaterial play a vital role in modulating macrophage polarization. However, discerning the specific effects of individual parameters can be intricate due to their interdependencies, limiting the mechanism underlying a specific parameter on the polarization of macrophages. Here, we engineered silk fibroin (SF) films with tunable surface roughness while maintaining similar physical properties by combining casting and salting out techniques.

Autophagy promotes replication of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus in insect cells.

BmNPV is a pathogen that infects silkworms exclusively. Although the interaction between BmNPV and the silkworm has been widely noticed and studied, its specific mechanism has still not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether BmNPV infection induces the onset of host cell autophagy to enhance viral replication.

Epidemiological characteristics of first-time SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection among hospital staff in Chengdu, China.

Background: After China ended its 'dynamic zero-COVID policy' on 7 December 2022, a large-scale outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infections emerged across the country. We conducted a hospital-wide prospective study to document the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak among healthcare workers in a hospital of Chengdu, where no previous staff SARS-CoV-2 infections were detected.

Methods: All hospital staff members were invited to complete an online questionnaire on COVID-19 in January 2023, and SARS-CoV-2 infection cases were followed up by telephone in June 2023 to collect data on long COVID.

Silk sericin as building blocks of bioactive materials for advanced therapeutics.

Silk sericin is a class of protein biopolymers produced by silkworms. Increasing attention has been paid to silk sericin for biomedical applications in the last decade, not only because of its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability but also due to the pharmacological activities stemming from its unique amino acid compositions. In this review, the biological properties of silk sericin, including curing specific diseases and promoting tissue regeneration, as well as underlying mechanisms are summarized.

Apolipoprotein D facilitate the proliferation of BmNPV.

The silkworm, Bombyx mori, a model Lepidopteran specie, is an important economic insect. It is specifically infected by Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), causing huge losses to the sericulture industry. Therefore, the understandings of the interaction mechanism between BmNPV and the host will help to provide the theoretical basis for the sericulture industry to control BmNPV.

BmCH25H, a vertebrate interferon-stimulated gene(ISG) homolog, inhibits BmNPV infection dependent on its hydroxylase activity in Bombyx mori.

Cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H) has been identified as an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) in mammals that exerts its antiviral effects by catalyzing the conversion of cholesterol to 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC). However, invertebrates lack an antiviral system homologous to vertebrate interferons (IFNs) because the genomes of invertebrates do not encode IFN-like cytokines. Nevertheless, CH25H is present in insect genomes and it therefore deserves further study of whether and by which mechanism it could exert an antiviral effect in invertebrates.

Sirt5 Inhibits BmNPV Replication by Promoting a Relish-Mediated Antiviral Pathway in .

Silent information regulators (Sirtuins) belong to the family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) that have diverse functions in cells. Mammalian Sirtuins have seven isoforms (Sirt1-7) which have been found to play a role in viral replication. However, Sirtuin members of insects are very different from mammals, and the function of insect Sirtuins in regulating virus replication is unclear.

Regional variations in the prevalence and misdiagnosis of air flow obstruction in China: baseline results from a prospective cohort of the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB).

Background: Despite the great burden of chronic respiratory diseases in China, few large multicentre, spirometry-based studies have examined its prevalence, rate of underdiagnosis regionally or the relevance of socioeconomic and lifestyle factors.

Methods: We analysed data from 512 891 adults in the China Kadoorie Biobank, recruited from 10 diverse regions of China during 2004-2008. Air flow obstruction (AFO) was defined by the lower limit of normal criteria based on spirometry-measured lung function.