Characterization of water-soluble brown carbon in atmospheric fine particles over Xi'an, China: Implication of aqueous brown carbon formation from biomass burning.

Brown carbon (BrC) aerosols can affect not only the climate but also human health, however, the light absorption, chemical compositions, and formation mechanisms of BrC are still uncertain, which leads to uncertainties in the accurate estimation of its climate and health impacts. In this study, highly time - resolved brown carbon (BrC) in fine particles was investigated in Xi'an using offline aerosol mass spectrometer analysis. The light absorption coefficient (b) and mass absorption efficiency (MAE) at 365 nm of water-soluble organic aerosol (WSOA) generally increased with oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) ratios, indicating that oxidized OA could have more impacts on BrC light absorption.

Effects of low power ultrasonic treatment on the transformation of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside to methylpyranocyanidin-3-O-glucoside and its stability evaluation.

Pyranoanthocyanins are anthocyanin derivatives that are formed during fermentation and oxygenation processes in aged wine. They play a critical role in assessing the aging of wine based on its colour quality. Naturally, the formation process of pyranoanthocyanins is fairly slow.

Development of a double-antibody sandwich ELISA for rapid detection to C-peptide in human urine.

C-peptide level is recognized as an important indicator of diabetes diagnosis. A sensitive and specific double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of C-peptide based on double antibody sandwich method was studied in this paper. The rabbit and hen were innunized with PLL-C-peptide and BSA-C-peptide respectively to obtain specific Yolk antibody (IgY) and polyclonal antibody used to construct the sandwich ELISA for the measurement of C-peptide.