Novel Technique Closure of Mastoid Fistula with Three-Layer Pedicled Flap: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Mastoid fistula is a rare condition, its causes include chronic suppurative otitis media and repeated ear surgeries. Management is challenging, simple closure typically leads to recurrence due to surrounding necrotic skin edges. Several surgical techniques have been described.

Case Series of Endoscopic Transoral Excision of Huge Parapharyngeal Tumors: Pushing the Boundaries.

Endoscopic transoral excision of parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors is often condemned for its many limitations. We revisit this approach and aim to introduce some updated perspectives following the advancement of endoscopic instrumentation, robotic transoral surgery, and radical tonsillectomy. We illustrate the techniques that were deployed for six patients with huge benign PPS tumors originating from the pre-styloid compartment at our center.

An Unusual Case Report of a Foreign Body (Fish Bone) in the Trachea.

Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is a rare yet potentially life-threatening occurrence in adults, presenting with symptoms ranging from acute asphyxiation to coughing, breathlessness, or choking. These symptoms can be inconsistent and mimic chronic lung conditions like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest X-rays and computed tomography scans are valuable for diagnosing and locating the foreign body.

Cimetidine for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in pregnancy as an alternative adjuvant treatment.

Background: We report the first case of cimetidine as an alternative adjuvant therapy in a pregnant woman with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). A 40 year old woman at 19 week gestation presented with progressive hoarseness and shortness of breath for 1 month. Flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscopy revealed multiple papillomatous lesions over both vocal cords and subglottic area obstructing 60% of her airway.

Findings from a Malaysian multicentre study on oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: In addition to the conventional aetiologic agents of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) such as tobacco usage, alcohol consumption and betel quid usage, it has been established that a proportion of OPSCC are driven by persistent oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Currently, there is a lack of data on the burden of HPV- associated OPSCC in Asian countries including Malaysia.

Methods: A cross-sectional multicentre study with tissue analysis of Malaysian patients diagnosed with primary OPSCC within a five-year period, from 2015 to 2019 between 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2019 was undertaken.

Floor of Mouth Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting as an Abscess.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy encountered in oral cavity. Etiology is often multifactorial but strongly associated with chronic tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and tobacco chewing. Factors such as poor oral hygiene, ill-fitting dentures causing chronic mucosal irritation can also contribute to the cancer development.

Isolated cervical lymph node sarcoidosis: a diagnostic challenge of a case report.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder involving multi-systemic organs. Patients invariably have lung involvement but some may have extrapulmonary disease. Rarely, cervical lymphadenopathy is the only sign without mediastinal or pulmonary abnormalities.

A Single Institution Cadaveric Study on Anatomical Variation of the Sublingual Gland Duct.

The purpose of this study was to conduct a cadaveric dissection study on the anatomical variation of the sublingual (SLG) excretory ducts and dictate an improved understanding of the anatomical communication between the SLG duct and submandibular (SMG) ducts. This study is carried out by standardized dissection of anterior floor of mouth in 6 formalin-fixed adult cadavers in Silent Mentor Workshop University Malaya in August 2020. The cadavers had no trace of scars, adhesions, signs of trauma or operation.

Five-year Survival Data on the Role of Endoscopic Endonasal Nasopharyngectomy in Advanced Recurrent rT3 and rT4 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Aim: Endoscopic endonasal nasopharyngectomy (EEN) for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) is being increasingly used due to the added high magnification, reduced morbidities associated with open procedures and good survival outcomes. Most studies looked at usage of EEN in patients with lower recurrent staging (rT1 and rT2) although more and more surgeons are studying the outcome of EEN in advanced rNPC (rT3 and rT4). The aims of this study were to report the long-term 5-year survival outcome of EEN performed in patients with advanced rNPC, and to determine any prognostic factors for patients' survival.

Primary Adenotonsillar Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent Child -A Case Report.

Introduction: Primary tuberculosis (TB) of the oropharynx and nasopharynx is an extremely rare form of extra-pulmonary TB in children. Primary tuberculosis occurs more likely secondary to pulmonary TB and is more common in immunocompromised patients.

Case Report: We reported the case of a young male presented with the symptoms of non-specific chronic adenotonsillitis, mild obstructive sleep apnoea, and cervical lymphadenopathy.

Neck stiffness in a post-irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma adult: An unusual diagnosis.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a neoplasm commonly found in population of South East Asia. The mainstay of treatment is high dose irradiation. Complications from radiotherapy are not uncommon especially to those nearby structures such as vertebrae and spinal cord.

HOPX functions as a tumour suppressor in head and neck cancer.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is generalized term that encompasses a diverse group of cancers that includes tumours of the oral cavity (OSCC), oropharynx (OPSCC) and nasopharynx (NPC). Genetic alterations that are common to all HNSCC types are likely to be important for squamous carcinogenesis. In this study, we have investigated the role of the homeodomain-only homeobox gene, HOPX, in the pathogenesis of HNSCC.

Congenital nasal cavity stenosis in children with craniosyntosis: A report of 4 rare cases.

Congenital bony nasal stenosis (CBNS) is a very rare but life-threatening cause of airway obstruction in neonates and infants. This review aims to assess the presentation and early airway management of 4 new cases of craniosynostosis with bilateral nasal cavity stenosis. Patients were treated with endoscopic endonasal widening of the nasal cavity and stenting.

A preliminary report on the role of endoscopic endonasal nasopharyngectomy in recurrent rT3 and rT4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Endoscopic endonasal nasopharyngectomy (EEN) has become increasingly used for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) due to reduced functional and cosmetic morbidities compared to conventional external approach. Majority of the existing studies on EEN focused on patients with lower recurrent staging of rT1 and rT2. The aims of this study were to provide a preliminary report on the outcome of EEN performed in patients with advanced (rT3 and rT4) rNPC, and to determine the prognostic factors for patients' survival.