An Unusual Phenomenon of Spontaneously Reversing Nystagmus in Peripheral Vertigo-A Case Report and Literature Review.

Direction-changing nystagmus on positional testing is classically ascribed to a central pathology. We herein report a case of a patient with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) who demonstrated the unusual phenomenon of spontaneously reversing nystagmus, and discuss the theorised mechanisms with a novel illustration. In left lateral position, our patient's Videonystagmography (VNG) demonstrated an initially fast-phase geotropic nystagmus (leftward-beating, SPV 29°/s) which then paused for 8 s, then spontaneously reversed direction into a slow-phase ageotropic nystagmus (rightward-beating, SPV 7°/s).

Current Pharmacotherapy and Multi-Target Approaches for Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by decreased synaptic transmission and cerebral atrophy with appearance of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Cognitive, functional, and behavioral alterations are commonly associated with the disease. Different pathophysiological pathways of AD have been proposed, some of which interact and influence one another.

Habituation following tinnitus retraining therapy in tinnitus sufferers.

Introduction: This study evaluated the efficacy of tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) in habituating patients with tinnitus.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients who underwent TRT in a tertiary referral Otorhinolaryngology unit. Patients were followed up with structured interviews with the aid of questionnaire forms.

Difficult intubation in a patient with vallecular cyst.

Although rare, vallecular cysts can have catastrophic consequences in an anaesthetised patient if airway management is inappropriate. We report a case of difficult intubation in a 46-year-old man with a vallecular cyst, and detail the methods and strategies for successful endotracheal tube insertion. Following a review of the current literature, we also discuss airway management options in adult patients with vallecular cysts.