Endovascular interventions in cancer patients with compromise of the mediastinal vasculature: a review.

The mediastinal vasculature can be affected by various etiologies in cancer patients. Both direct and indirect sequela of cancer may result in life-threatening clinical presentations. Tumor growth may cause vessel narrowing and decreased blood flow from either extrinsic mass effect, invasion into the vascular wall, or tumor thrombus within the lumen.

Screening for Percutaneous Lung Cryoablation Adverse Event Risk: A Single-Center Comparative Analysis to Surgical Risk Estimates.

Objective: To evaluate the relevance of established surgical risk calculators for predicting complications in patients undergoing percutaneous lung cryoablation (PLC).

Methods: The institution's database was queried for PLC procedures from March 2015 to May 2024, excluding those patients with concomitant local therapies or five or more lesions treated in a single setting. Demographics, frailty metrics as defined by the surgical literature, and procedural variables were collected.

Safety and efficacy of percutaneous image-guided ablation for soft tissue sarcoma metastases to the liver.

Purpose: To evaluate outcomes following percutaneous image-guided ablation of soft tissue sarcoma metastases to the liver.

Materials And Methods: A single-institution retrospective analysis of patients with a diagnosis of metastatic soft tissue sarcoma who underwent percutaneous image-guided ablation of hepatic metastases between January 2011 and December 2021 was performed. Patients with less than 60 days of follow-up after ablation were excluded.

Thermal Ablation Combined with Immune Checkpoint Blockers: A 10-Year Monocentric Experience.

Purpose: We report a 10-year experience in cancer therapy with concomitant treatment of percutaneous thermal ablation (PTA) and immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs).

Material And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all patients at a single tertiary cancer center who had received ICBs at most 90 days before, or 30 days after, PTA. Feasibility and safety were assessed as the primary outcomes.

Electrochemotherapy in radiotherapy-resistant epidural spinal cord compression in metastatic cancer patients.

Objective: To report efficacy and safety of percutaneous electrochemotherapy (ECT) in patients with radiotherapy-resistant metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC).

Material/ Methods: This retrospective study analyzed all consecutive patients treated with bleomycin-based ECT between February-2020 and September-2022 in a single tertiary referral cancer center. Changes in pain were evaluated with the Numerical Rating Score (NRS), in neurological deficit with the Neurological Deficit Scale, and changes in epidural spinal cord compression were evaluated with the epidural spinal cord compression scale (ESCCS) using an MRI.

Thermal ablation in the management of oligometastatic colorectal cancer.

Purpose: To review available evidence on thermal ablation of oligometastatic colorectal cancer.

Methods: Technical and cancer specific considerations for percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation of oligometastatic colorectal metastases in the liver and lung were reviewed. Ablation outcomes are compared to surgical and radiation therapy literature.

Percutaneous Fixation of Impending Fracture of the Hip.

According to the literature, prophylactic consolidation of proximal femur lytic metastasis the is recommended when the Mirels' score is above 8. Osteoplasty (cementoplasty of proximal femur) alone provides inadequate consolidation. Various mini-invasive technics, augmented osteoplasties, have been proposed for better long-term consolidation.

Radiofrequency Ablation of Spine Metastases: A Clinical and Technical Approach.

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an integral component of the multidisciplinary treatment algorithm for both local tumor control and palliation of painful spine metastases. This minimally invasive therapy complements additional treatment strategies, such as pain medications, systemic chemotherapy, surgical resection, and radiotherapy. The location and size of the metastatic lesion dictate preprocedure planning and the technical approach.

Long Term Efficacy and Assessment of Tumor Response of Transarterial Chemoembolization in Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases: A 15-Year Monocentric Experience.

Background: transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an established treatment for neuroendocrine tumor (NET) liver metastases. The aim was to evaluate the long-term treatment efficacy of TACE for NET liver metastases, and correlate imaging response with survival.

Methods: this IRB-approved, single-center, retrospective study evaluated all TACE procedures performed for NET liver metastases from 2003-2017 for imaging tumor response (RECIST and mRECIST), time to liver progression (TTP), time to untreatable progression with TACE (TTUP), and overall survival (OS).

Literature Review of Percutaneous Stenting for Palliative Treatment of Malignant Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS).

Rationale And Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of percutaneous stenting for the palliative treatment of malignant superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS).

Methods And Materials: Literature review of retrospective studies was performed regarding direct procedural complications (fatal and non-fatal), clinical effectiveness, and patency rates (primary and secondary) of percutaneous transluminal stenting for the palliative treatment of malignant SVCS. Pooled rates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for fatal complications, non-fatal complications, clinical effectiveness, primary patency, and secondary patency.

Safety and efficacy of percutaneous transabdominal and transesophageal decompression gastric catheters for palliation of malignant bowel obstruction.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and primary technical success rate of gastric decompression via percutaneous transabdominal gastrostomy (PTAG) or percutaneous transesophageal gastric (PTEG) catheter placement for management of malignant bowel obstruction (MBO). A secondary purpose was to evaluate the safety and success rate for PTAG catheter placement in patients with both MBO and ascites.

Methods: A single-institution retrospective review of 385 patients who underwent attempted decompression gastric catheter placement from March 2013 to August 2018 was performed.

Prophylactic Percutaneous Consolidation of Large Osteolytic Tumors of the Pelvic Ring Using Fixation by Internal Cemented Screws.

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy, durability, and safety of percutaneous fixation by internal cemented screw (FICS) for prophylactic consolidation of impending pathologic fractures of the pelvic ring. Materials and Methods In this single-institute retrospective study, patients with large, minimally symptomatic to asymptomatic osteolytic tumors of the pelvic ring that were treated with percutaneous cone-beam CT-guided FICS procedures were included (January 2014 to May 2019). Follow-up cross-section imaging and clinical reports were reviewed for procedural complications and assessment of the long-term consolidation efficacy on the basis of the development of pathologic fracture or need for additional surgical intervention.

A novel irinotecan-lipiodol nanoemulsion for intravascular administration: pharmacokinetics and biodistribution in the normal and tumor bearing rat liver.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the United States and treatment options are limited for patients who develop liver metastases. Several chemotherapeutic regimens have been used for transvascular liver-directed therapy in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases without clear evidence of superiority of one therapy over another. We describe the development of a novel nanoemulsion through combining irinotecan (IRI), a first line systemic agent used for the treatment of colon cancer, with lipiodol, an oily contrast medium derived from poppy seed oil, and evaluated its pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profile as a function of portal venous chemoembolization (PVCE) versus transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) delivery.

Image-guided Percutaneous Fixation with Internal Cemented Screws of Impending Femoral Neck Pathologic Fractures in Patients with Metastatic Cancer: Safety, Efficacy, and Durability.

Background Prophylactic image-guided procedures performed by interventional radiologists for impending pathologic fractures are becoming more pertinent, as patients with metastatic cancer have extended overall survival because of advanced therapies. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and palliative durability of collimated-beam CT-guided percutaneous fixation with internal cemented screws (FICS) for impending pathologic fractures of the femoral neck. Materials and Methods This single-institute retrospective study examined all patients with metastatic cancer treated between February 2010 and October 2019 with collimated-beam CT-guided percutaneous FICS procedures for preventive consolidation of impending femoral neck pathologic fractures.

Radiofrequency ablation versus surgical resection for the treatment of oligometastatic lung disease.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare efficacy and tolerance between radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgery for the treatment of oligometastatic lung disease.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study reviewed patients treated in two institutions for up to 5 pulmonary metastases with a maximal diameter of 4cm and without associated pleural involvement or thoracic lymphadenopathy. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment outcome, and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups.

Safety and Efficacy of Multilevel Thoracolumbar Vertebroplasty in the Simultaneous Treatment of Six or More Pathologic Compression Fractures.

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of multilevel thoracolumbar vertebroplasty in the simultaneous treatment of ≥ 6 painful pathologic compression fractures.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review was conducted of 50 consecutive patients treated with vertebroplasty for ≥ 6 pathologic compression fractures in a single session for pain palliation at a tertiary single cancer center from 2015 to 2019. Outcomes measured included procedural safety according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), change in 4-week postprocedure back pain by numeric rating scale (NRS), comparison of daily opioid medication consumption, and development of skeletal-related events.

Utilization of Endovascular and Surgical Treatments for Symptomatic Uterine Leiomyomas: A Population Health Perspective.

Purpose: To conduct a population-level analysis of surgical and endovascular interventions for symptomatic uterine leiomyomata by using administrative data from outpatient medical encounters.

Materials And Methods: By using administrative data from all outpatient hospital encounters in California (2005-2011) and Florida (2005-2014), all patients in the outpatient setting with symptomatic uterine leiomyomata were identified. Patients were categorized as undergoing hysterectomy, myomectomy, uterine artery embolization (UAE), or no intervention.

Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts Reduce Variceal Bleeding and Improve Survival in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Population-Based Analysis.

Purpose: To investigate from a population health perspective the effects of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation on recurrent variceal bleeding and survival in patients with cirrhosis.

Materials And Methods: Patients with cirrhosis who presented to outpatient and acute-care hospitals in California (2005-2011) and Florida (2005-2014) with variceal bleeding comprised the study cohort. Patients entered the study cohort at their first presentation for variceal bleeding; all subsequent hospital encounters were then evaluated to determine subsequent interventions, complications, and mortality data.

Association of Inferior Vena Cava Filter Placement With Rates of Pulmonary Embolism in Patients With Cancer and Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis.

Importance: Venous thromboembolism is the second overall leading cause of death for patients with cancer, and there is an approximately 2-fold increase in fatal pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with cancer. Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are designed to prevent PE, but defining the appropriate use of IVC filters in patients with cancer remains a substantial unmet clinical need.

Objective: To evaluate the association of IVC filters with the development of PE in patients with cancer and deep venous thrombosis (DVT).

Oligometastatic Colorectal Cancer Management: A Survey of the Italian College of Interventional Radiology.

Aim: European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines (NCCN) have recently included interventional procedures among the standard treatments for the management of colorectal cancer (CRC) oligometastatic disease (OMD). This study overviews the practice of Interventional Radiology (IR) in Italian centers.

Methods: A practice focused questionnaire on locoregional treatments of CRC-OMD was submitted to all Italian IR centers to assess practice patterns.

Multi-Level Vertebroplasty for 6 or More Painful Osteoporotic Vertebral Body Compression Fractures Performed in the Same Procedural Setting: A Safety and Efficacy Report in Cancer Patients.

Purpose: To assess safety and efficacy of multi-level vertebroplasty, when treating 6 or more levels in the same procedural setting for the management of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (oVCF) in cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Single institution retrospective review from 2015 to 2019 of patients treated for multi-level oVCF in a single session procedural setting by vertebroplasty of 6 or more levels. Procedure outcomes collected included procedural complications, pre- and 4 week post-procedure pain score by numeric rating scale, opioid usage, and vertebral height changes.