ANCA-Negative Granulomatosis of Polyngiitis of Paranasal Sinuses with Cerebellar Involvement.

Granulomatosis of polyangiitis (GPA) is a multisystem necrotizing vasculitis, which affects small- and medium-sized blood vessels and characterized by frequent involvement of the upper and lower respiratory tract and kidneys. Altough anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are higly associated with GPA and play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease, ANCA positivity is not essential for clinical diagnosis. We describe a patient with ANCA-negative granulamatosis of polyangiitis involving cerebellum, having complaints due to sinusitis.

Predictors of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx.

Objectives: In this retrospective study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the tumor volume, grade invasion depth in the prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis.Identification of diagnostic parameters reliably predicting cervical lymph node involvement can be useful in improving the management of laryngeal cancer.

Methods: One hundred and seven patients with squamous cell carcinoma of larynx and who underwent surgery were assessed retrospectively.

Comprehension of Cochlear Duct Length for Incomplete Partition Types.

Objective: Preoperative assessment of the cochlear duct length (CDL) and cochlear dimensions allows the selection of optimized implants. We aimed to evaluate the CDL measurements in incomplete partition (IP) defect patients and to create a reference to the literature.

Methods: Forty-one patients with IP (13 IP I, 23 IP II, and 5 IP III) and 30 controls were included in the study.

The Cochlear Size Variations in Incomplete Partitions with Multiplanar Images on Pediatric Temporal Bone CT.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate cochlea dimensions by the multiplanar reconstruction of high-resolution computed tomography that could be useful in diagnosing incomplete partition (IP) malformations.

Methods: This study included 32 patients with 64 side cochleae diagnosed with IP defect and 38 cochleae as the control without any defect. Basal turn length (BL), cochlear height (CH), Mid-apical length (MAL), Mid-apical height, Cochlear length (A), and Cochlear width (B) were measured on reformat images.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Auditory Pathway: A Comparison of Pediatric Cochlear Implant Candidates and Healthy Cases.

Background: We aimed to investigate the changes that may occur in the auditory neural network in pediatric congenital hearing loss cases.

Methods: Fifty-four cochlear implant candidates and 47 normal-hearing controls were included in this retrospective study. Fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity, and apparent diffusion coefficient maps were generated.

Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Findings of Circumventricular Organs in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Patients.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is the increased pressure with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition, not due to a secondary cause. However, the need for lumbar puncture, an invasive method in diagnosis, leads to research on noninvasive diagnostic methods. This study aims to examine the role of the size of the pituitary gland and the previously unevaluated pineal gland in radiological diagnosis in patients with IIH.

Mild Ga PSMA-11 Uptake in Incidental Pituitary Adenoma.

A 76-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer was referred to Ga prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for restaging. A consecutive F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT was performed due to the history of lung cancer in the left lung treated with stereotactic radiotherapy. Intense F-FDG uptake was detected in the pituitary gland despite the mild uptake of Ga PSMA.

Ethmoid roof morphometric measurements of a pediatric population using computed tomography.

Objective: To reveal the anatomical relationships of the ethmoid roof on CT in pediatric case group.

Methods: We measured the depth of olfactory fossa (DOF), the width of olfactory fossa (WOF), the angle between lateral lamella and cribriform plate (LLCPA), the width of the olfactory cleft (WOC), the length of lateral lamella (LLL), orbital roof fovea to ethmoidal distance (ORFED) and orbital roof to cribriform plate distance (ORCPD) and we determined Keros and LLCPA types from paranasal sinus CT of subjects under 16 years of age retrospectively.

Results: The incidence of Keros type I was higher in females and Keros Type II in males.

Recurrent Brain Metastasis of Triple Negative Breast Cancer With High Uptake in 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by poor prognosis and limited response to standard treatments. Although 18F-FDG PET/CT is frequently used in staging and restaging, in some cases, it may be insufficient considering tumor heterogeneity. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been reported to be overexpressed in many types of cancer due to tumor-associated neovascularization.

Wernicke's Encephalopathy: Similar and Different Aspects of the Three Cases.

Wernicke encephalopathy is a neurological disorder, clasically characterized by altered consciousness, ophtalmoparesis, and ataxia results from tiamin deficiency. It is frequently associated with chronic alcohol abuse; however, many conditions which lead to thiamine deficiency such as gastric surgery, hyperemesis, parenteral nutrition, malnutrition may also be the cause. WE is a life-threatening condition that requires early diagnosis and rapid initiation of intravenous thiamin therapy.

The Prevalence of Lumbar Paraspinal Muscle Fatty Degeneration in Patients with Modic Type I and I/II End Plate Changes.

Study Design: Retrospective case control.

Purpose: The authors of this study assessed whether the prevalence of paraspinal fatty degeneration correlates with the presence of Modic type I and I/II change in patients with low back pain (LBP).

Overview Of Literature: Modic changes are bone marrow and end plate changes visible on magnetic resonance imaging.

Prognosis of Hormonal Deficits in Empty Sella Syndrome Using Neuroimaging.

Aim: We have evaluated the anatomic measurements on sellar area of patients who were radiologically diagnosed with empty sella to determine the relation between the amount of pressure on the adenohypophysis and hormonal imbalances.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-one cases were diagnosed with empty sella and had hormone tests and hypophysis magnetic resonance (MR). The cases were categorized into two groups - patients with hypophyseal hormone anomaly and patients without hormone anomaly.

Computed tomography analysis of intranasal distance of frontal and sphenoid sinus ostiums in children.

Purpose: Pediatric population may be more prone to complications in comparison to adults because of the variability of developmental changes of paranasal sinuses and skull base. Knowledge of standard columellar distances regarding age in addition to anatomical landmarks is an important guide during functional endoscopic sinus surgery. We aimed to identify standard distances from columella and anterior nasal spine to the anterior and posterior border of frontal and sphenoid sinus ostiums and provide an objective reference graph in regard to age in children.

The value of whole-body contrast-enhanced 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the diagnosis and staging of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether intravenous contrast-enhanced dual-phase fluorine-18--fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET/CT scans provide additional diagnostic information compared with the MRI/CT in patients with laryngeal carcinoma during the initial staging.

Patients And Methods: Forty-five consecutive patients (44 men, one woman; mean age±SD, 67.0±9.

Morphometric Measurements of Bony Nasolacrimal Canal in Children.

Objective: Morphology and dimensions of the bony nasolacrimal canal duct (BNLD) as a key factor in the development of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. We aimed to obtain detailed morphometric analysis of BNLD in children without nasolacrimal duct pathology by using computed tomography and provide standard measurements by means of age which could be utilized in planning management or in invasive interventions.

Methods: Picture Archiving Communication Systems database of our hospital's radiology department was searched for this retrospective study.

Histopathological investigation of intranodular echogenic foci detected by thyroid ultrasonography.

Objective: To determine the predictability of sonography for detection of calcifications in thyroid nodules by histopathologic examination and to demonstrate the association between calcification pattern and malignancy.

Methods: We prospectively evaluated 81 dominant nodules from 81 patients. Thyroid glands were assessed preoperatively with thyroid ultrasonography, and the presence of sonographic calcification was specified as intranodular macro (coarse) and micro calcification.

Evaluation of median nerve T2 signal changes in patients with surgically treated carpal tunnel syndrome.

Objective: To determine the accuracy of median nerve T2 evaluation and its relation with Boston Questionnaire (BQ) and nerve conduction studies (NCSs) in pre-operative and post-operative carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) patients in comparison with healthy volunteers.

Methods: Twenty-three CTS patients and 24 healthy volunteers underwent NCSs, median nerve T2 evaluation and self-administered BQ. Pre-operative and 1st year post-operative median nerve T2 values and cross-sectional areas (CSAs) were compared both within pre-operative and post-operative CTS groups, and with healthy volunteers.

The Effects of 23-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy on Orbital Circulation Using Doppler Ultrasonography in Diabetic Macular Edema with Epiretinal Membrane and Taut Posterior Hyaloid.

Purpose: To evaluate using Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) how pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) affects orbital circulation in diffuse diabetic macular edema (DME) associated with either the epiretinal membrane (ERM) or taut posterior hyaloid (TPH).

Methods: The sample included 46 eyes of 42 patients with DME associated with the ERM (n = 22, Group 1) or TPH (n = 24, Group 2). All participants received panretinal laser photocoagulation and antivascular endothelial growth factor injections preoperatively and underwent 23-gauge PPV combined with ERM or TPH removal and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling.

Osteoprotegerin as a marker of atherosclerosis in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the availability of osteoprotegerin (OPG) as a marker of atherosclerosis and compare serum OPG levels with ankle-brachial index (ABI) in diabetic patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 31 type 1 and 31 type 2 diabetic patients without macrovascular complications and 20 healthy volunteers were included. Serum OPG levels and ABI were measured.

Temporal Bone Localized Chondroblastoma.

Chondroblastoma is a highly destructive tumor originating from immature cartilage cells. Although chondroblastoma is defined as a benign tumor, it may exhibit malign tumor behaviors such as invasion or metastasis on neighboring structures. Magnetic resonance (MR) image is a solid mass lesion, which included heterogeneous hypointense in T2A and heterogeneous minimal hyperintense in T1A with destructive expansile characteristics and millimetric calcifications.

A rarely seen cause for empyema: Leuconostoc mesenteroıdes.

Leuconostoc species are Gram-positive, non-motile, vancomycin-resistant bacteria placed within the family of Streptococcaceae. They naturally exist in food and are important in the sauerkraut, milk and wine industries due to their role in fermentation. Infections caused by Leuconostocs are generally reported in immunosuppressed patients with an underlying disease, or in those who were previously treated with vancomycin.

Portal hypertension and myeloproliferative neoplasms: a relationship revealed.

Background/Objectives. Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms have a well-established increased risk of thrombosis. Many trials report identification of an underlying myeloproliferative neoplasm by investigation of the patients developing portal hypertensive esophagus and/or fundus variceal hemorrhage in the absence of any known etiology.