Bidirectional association between type 2 diabetes and irritable bowel syndrome: A large-scale prospective cohort study.

Aim: To examine the bidirectional association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in a large prospective population cohort.

Methods: Participants free of IBS at baseline in the UK Biobank were included in the analysis of T2D and incident IBS (cohort 1), with 11 140 T2D patients and 413 979 non-T2D patients. Similarly, those free of T2D at baseline were included in the analysis of IBS and incident T2D (cohort 2), with 21 944 IBS patients and 413 979 non-IBS patients.

Pretreatment HIV Drug Resistance and the Molecular Transmission Network Among HIV-Positive Individuals in China in 2022: Multicenter Observational Study.

Background: Emerging HIV drug resistance caused by increased usage of antiretroviral drugs (ARV) could jeopardize the success of standardized HIV management protocols in resource-limited settings.

Objective: We aimed to characterize pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) among HIV-positive individuals and risk factors in China in 2022.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using 2-stage systematic sampling according to the World Health Organization's surveillance guidelines in 8 provincial-level administrative divisions in 2022.

Behavioral and emotional difficulties and HIV treatment outcomes among HIV-infected children in rural southwestern China.

Background: Previous studies have not clearly demonstrated the impact of behavioral and emotional problems (BEDs) on treatment outcomes among HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to describe the prevalence of BEDs among this population and identify the factors associated with HIV treatment outcomes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Guangxi, China, between July and August 2021.

Molecular transmission network of pretreatment drug resistance among human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals and the impact of virological failure on those who received antiretroviral therapy in China.

Objectives: We investigated the prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR), the molecular transmission network among HIV-positive individuals, and the impact of virological failure on those who received antiretroviral therapy (ART) in China.

Methods: Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) surveillance guidelines for PDR, a baseline survey and follow-up were conducted in 2018 and 2021, respectively. Demographic information and plasma samples were obtained from all participants.

A novel picornavirus identified in wild Macaca mulatta in China.

The discovery of novel viruses in wild animals allows the prediction of their potential threat to the health of humans and other animals. We report a highly divergent picornavirus (tentatively named "mobovirus A"), identified in a fecal sample from Macaca mulatta in Yunnan province, China, using viral metagenomic analysis, with viral loads of 2 × 10 copies/g. The complete genomic sequence of mobovirus A is 8,325 nucleotides in length.