Induced Systemic Resistance in the spp.- Jacq.-PepGMV Interaction, Elicited by Defense-Related Gene Expression.

Induced systemic resistance (ISR) is a mechanism involved in the plant defense response against pathogens. Certain members of the genus are able to promote the ISR by maintaining a healthy photosynthetic apparatus, which prepares the plant for future stress situations. The goal of the present study was to analyze the effect of the inoculation of on the expression of genes involved in plant responses to pathogens, as a part of the ISR, during the interaction of infected with PepGMV.

A Lineage of Begomoviruses Encode Rep and AC4 Proteins of Enigmatic Ancestry: Hints on the Evolution of Geminiviruses in the New World.

The begomoviruses (BGVs) are plant pathogens that evolved in the Old World during the Cretaceous and arrived to the New World (NW) in the Cenozoic era. A subgroup of NW BGVs, the " (SLCV) lineage" (S-Lin), includes viruses with unique characteristics. To get clues on the evolutionary origin of this lineage, a search for divergent members was undertaken.

Expression of genes involved in the salicylic acid pathway in type h1 thioredoxin transiently silenced pepper plants during a begomovirus compatible interaction.

The type-h thioredoxins (TRXs) play a fundamental role in oxidative stress tolerance and defense responses against pathogens. In pepper plants, type-h TRXs participate in the defense mechanism against Cucumber mosaic virus. The goal of this study was to analyze the role of the CaTRXh1-cicy gene in pepper plants during compatible interaction with a DNA virus, the Euphorbia mosaic virus-Yucatan Peninsula (EuMV-YP).

A new virus-induced gene silencing vector based on Euphorbia mosaic virus-Yucatan peninsula for NPR1 silencing in Nicotiana benthamiana and Capsicum annuum var. Anaheim.

Virus-induced gene silencing is based on the sequence-specific degradation of RNA. Here, a gene silencing vector derived from EuMV-YP, named pEuMV-YP:ΔAV1, was used to silence ChlI and NPR1 genes in Nicotiana benthamiana. The silencing of the ChlI transcripts was efficient in the stems, petioles and leaves as reflected in tissue bleaching and reduced transcript levels.

Isolation of cDNA encoding the catalytic site of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C from Coffea arabica L.: Recombinant expression and peptide purification.

A cDNA encoding the catalytic site of a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) was isolated from Coffea arabica suspension cells. The cDNA (designated CaPLC) encodes a polypeptide of 308 amino acids, containing the catalytic X and Y domains, and has 99% identity to the soybean gene. Recombinant CaPLC protein was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and used to produce a polyclonal antibody.

GTPgammaS antagonizes the mastoparan-induced in vitro activity of PIP-phospholipase C from symbiotic root nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris.

Phospholipase C (PLC) has been suggested to have a role in signal perception by Nod factors (NFs) in legume root hair cells. For instance, mastoparan, a well-described agonist of heterotrimeric G protein, induces nodulin expression after NFs treatment or Rhizobium inoculation. Furthermore, it has been recently demonstrated that mastoparan also mimics calcium oscillations induced by NFs, suggesting that PLC could play a key role during the nodulation process.

Alkaloid metabolism in wounded Catharanthus roseus seedlings.

The effect of mechanical wounding on alkaloid metabolism was analyzed in Catharanthus roseus seedlings. Wounding induced an increase in ajmalicine accumulation, whereas catharanthine remained unaffected. A positive dual effect on vindoline was noticed.

MAP kinase-like activity in transformed Catharanthus roseus hairy roots varies with culture conditions such as temperature and hypo-osmotic shock.

Mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase-like activity was determined in extracts obtained from transformed Catharanthus roseus hairy roots by the ability to phosphorylate myelin basic protein (MBP). Both in solution and in gel kinase assays showed variation in activity, depending on root developmental stage. In gel kinase assays, using the extract soluble fraction, revealed a 56 kDa polypeptide with phosphorylation activity on MBP.

Increase in the indole alkaloid production and its excretion into the culture medium by calcium antagonists in Catharanthus roseus hairy roots.

Treatment of Catharanthus roseus hairy roots with antagonists, like verapamil and CdCl2, that block the Ca2+ flux across the plasma membrane enhanced the total alkaloid content by 25% and their secretion 10 times. The specific Ca2+ chelator, EGTA, stimulated 90% of the total alkaloid secretion. Treatment with inhibitors of intracellular Ca2- movement, like TMB-8 and trapsigargin, enhanced the total alkaloid content by 74% and their secretion into the culture media by 4- to 6-fold.

Immunocytolocalization of tryptophan decarboxylase in Catharanthus roseus hairy roots.

We investigated the intracellular distribution of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) (EC 4.1.1.

Tryptophan decarboxylase from transformed roots of Catharanthus roseus.

Tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC, EC 4.1.1.