Achieving Precise Control Over the Molecular Periphery of Dibenzoixenes Through Modular Synthesis.

Nanographenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, both finite forms of graphene, are promising organic semiconducting materials because their optoelectronic and magnetic properties can be modulated through precise control of their molecular peripheries. Several atomically precise edge structures have been prepared by bottom-up synthesis; however, no systematic elucidation of these edge topologies at the molecular level has been reported. Herein, we describe rationally designed modular syntheses of isomeric dibenzoixenes with diverse molecular peripheries, including cove, zigzag, bay, fjord, and gulf structured.

Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Thianorbornenes.

A series of -7-thiabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximides were synthesized and polymerized using Schrock's catalyst, 2,6-diisopropylphenylimidoneophylidene molybdenum(VI) bis(hexafluoro--butoxide).

Correction: Kim et al. Mito-TIPTP Increases Mitochondrial Function by Repressing the Rubicon-p22phox Interaction in Colitis-Induced Mice. 2021, , 1954.

In the original publication [...

Silver-Nanoparticle-Assisted Modulation of NH Desorption on MIL-101.

Ammonia has recently emerged as a promising hydrogen carrier for renewable energy conversion. Establishing a better understanding and control of ammonia adsorption and desorption is necessary to improve future energy generation. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown improved ammonia capacity and stability over conventional adsorbents such as silica and zeolite.

Synergistic Effect of MIL-101/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites on High-Pressure Ammonia Uptake.

Ammonia has emerged as a potential working fluid in adsorption heat pumps (AHPs) for clean energy conversion. It would be necessary to develop an efficient adsorbent with high-density ammonia uptake under high gas pressures in the low-temperature range for waste heat. Herein, a porous nanocomposite with MIL-101(Cr)-NH (MIL-A) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was developed to enhance the ammonia adsorption capacity over high ammonia pressures (3-5 bar) and low working temperatures (20-40 °C).

18:0 Lyso PC Derived by Bioactivity-Based Molecular Networking from Lentil Mutant Lines and Its Effects on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Lentil (; Fabaceae), one of the major pulse crops in the world, is an important source of proteins, prebiotics, lipids, and essential minerals as well as functional components such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and phenolic acids. To improve crop nutritional and medicinal traits, hybridization and mutation are widely used in plant breeding research. In this study, mutant lentil populations were generated by γ-irradiation for the development of new cultivars by inducing genetic diversity.

Mito-TIPTP Increases Mitochondrial Function by Repressing the Rubicon-p22phox Interaction in Colitis-Induced Mice.

The run/cysteine-rich-domain-containing Beclin1-interacting autophagy protein (Rubicon) is essential for the regulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase by interacting with p22phox to trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in immune cells. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the interaction of Rubicon with p22phox increases cellular ROS levels. The correlation between Rubicon and mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) is poorly understood.

Dendrobine Inhibits γ-Irradiation-Induced Cancer Cell Migration, Invasion and Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.

The use of ionizing radiation (IR) during radiotherapy can induce malignant effects, such as metastasis, which contribute to poor prognoses in lung cancer patients. Here, we explored the ability of dendrobine, a plant-derived alkaloid from , to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We employed Western blotting, quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR, transwell migration assays, and wound-healing assays to determine the effects of dendrobine on the migration and invasion of A549 lung cancer cells in vitro.

Chemical and Biological Profiles of in Two Different Species, Their Hybrid, and Gamma-Irradiated Mutant Lines of the Hybrid Based on LC-QToF MS and Cytotoxicity Analysis.

The species (Orchidaceae) has been cultivated as an ornamental plant as well as used in traditional medicines. In this study, the chemical profiles of Dendrobii Herba, used as herbal medicine, in two different species, their hybrid, and the gamma-irradiated mutant lines of the hybrid, were systematically investigated via ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF MS). Among the numerous peaks detected, 17 peaks were unambiguously identified.

Isoegomaketone from (L.) Britt Stimulates MAPK/ERK Pathway in Human Keratinocyte to Promote Skin Wound Healing.

Skin wound healing is essential for recovery from injury, and delayed or impaired wound healing is a severe therapeutic challenge. Keratinocytes, a major component of the epidermis, play crucial roles in reepithelialization during wound healing including cell proliferation. Recent studies have shown that compounds from natural products have candidates for healing skin injury.

Intestinal Electrical Stimulation Alters Hypothalamic Expression of Oxytocin and Orexin and Ameliorates Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats.

Background: Intestinal electrical stimulation (IES) has been proposed as a potential treatment for obesity. The aim of this study was to explore the central mechanism underlying the reduction of food intake and body weight by IES by studying the expression of anorexigenic- and orexigenic-peptide-containing neurons in the hypothalamus.

Materials And Methods: Diet-induced obese (DIO) rats were divided into three groups to receive sham, IES, and pair-feeding for 4 weeks.

Host-Directed Therapy in Tuberculosis: Targeting Host Metabolism.

has complex and intricate interactions with host immune cells. can survive, persist, and grow within macrophages and thereby circumvent detection by the innate immune system. Recently, the field of immunometabolism, which focuses on the link between metabolism and immune function, has provided us with an improved understanding of the role of metabolism in modulating immune function.

Dietary schizophyllan reduces mitochondrial damage by activating SIRT3 in mice.

Schizophyllan (SPG), produced by Schizophyllum commune, is an exopolysaccharide with multiple academic and commercial uses, including in the food industry and for various medical functions. We previously demonstrated that SPG conjugated with c-Src peptide exerted a significant therapeutic effect on mouse models of the acute inflammatory diseases polymicrobial sepsis and ulcerative colitis. Here we extended these results by investigating whether SPG exerted a protective effect against mitochondrial damage in the liver via sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) induction, focusing on the deacetylation of succinate dehydrogenase A (SDHA) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2).

Identification of highly potent and selective inhibitor, TIPTP, of the p22phox-Rubicon axis as a therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease linked to oxidative stress, which is associated with significant morbidity. The NADPH oxidase complex (NOX) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are among the key markers for determining RA's pathophysiology. Therefore, understanding ROS-regulated molecular pathways and their interaction is necessary for developing novel therapeutic approaches for RA.

Moscatilin Induces Apoptosis in Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via JNK Signaling Pathway.

Dendrobii Herba is an herbal medicine that uses the stems of species (Orchidacea). It has been traditionally used to treat fever, hydrodipsomania, stomach disorders, and amyotrophia. In our previous study, a bibenzyl compound, moscatilin, which is isolated from Dendrobii Herba, showed potent cytotoxicity against a FaDu human pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cell line.

Latest Comprehensive Knowledge of the Crosstalk between TLR Signaling and Mycobacteria and the Antigens Driving the Process.

Tuberculosis, which is caused by (Mtb), is among the most pressing worldwide problems. Mtb uniquely interacts with innate immune cells through various pattern recognition receptors. These interactions initiate several inflammatory pathways that play essential roles in controlling Mtb pathogenesis.

Protective roles of ginseng against bacterial infection.

Ginseng ( Meyer) is a well-known traditional herbal medicine that plays a protective role against microbial attack. Several studies have revealed its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory effects. Ginseng contains several components that vary according to the year of cultivation and the processing method used, such as heating, drying, and steaming, which induce different degrees of pharmacological activities.

Toxoplasma gondii GRA8 induces ATP5A1-SIRT3-mediated mitochondrial metabolic resuscitation: a potential therapy for sepsis.

The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii has unique dense granule antigens (GRAs) that are crucial for host infection. Emerging evidence suggests that GRA8 of T. gondii is a promising serodiagnostic marker in toxoplasmosis.

CD82 hypomethylation is essential for tuberculosis pathogenesis via regulation of RUNX1-Rab5/22.

The tumor suppressor gene CD82/KAI1 is a member of the tetraspanin superfamily and organizes various membrane-based processes. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) persists in host macrophages by interfering with phagolysosome biogenesis and inflammatory responses, but the role of CD82 in controlling the intracellular survival of pathogenic mycobacteria within macrophages remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the virulent MTB strain H37Rv (MTB Rv) induced CD82 promoter hypomethylation, resulting in CD82 expression.

ESRRA (estrogen-related receptor α) is a key coordinator of transcriptional and post-translational activation of autophagy to promote innate host defense.

The orphan nuclear receptor ESRRA (estrogen-related receptor α) is a key regulator of energy homeostasis and mitochondrial function. Macroautophagy/autophagy, an intracellular degradation process, is a critical innate effector against intracellular microbes. Here, we demonstrate that ESRRA is required for the activation of autophagy to promote innate antimicrobial defense against mycobacterial infection.

Host-Directed Therapeutics as a Novel Approach for Tuberculosis Treatment.

Despite significant efforts to improve the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), it remains a prevalent infectious disease worldwide owing to the limitations of current TB therapeutic regimens. Recent work on novel TB treatment strategies has suggested that directly targeting host factors may be beneficial for TB treatment. Such strategies, termed host-directed therapeutics (HDTs), focus on host-pathogen interactions.

Toxoplasma gondii GRA7-Targeted ASC and PLD1 Promote Antibacterial Host Defense via PKCα.

Tuberculosis is a global health problem and at least one-third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). MTB is a successful pathogen that enhances its own intracellular survival by inhibiting inflammation and arresting phago-lysosomal fusion. We previously demonstrated that Toxoplasma gondii (T.

RNAi-mediated silencing of TNF-α converting enzyme to down-regulate soluble TNF-α production for treatment of acute and chronic colitis.

Elevated level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), one of the inflammatory cytokines, is considered to be a potential target for the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy. Recently, TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE), a sheddase playing an important role in cleaving and releasing bioactive soluble TNF-α, has been challenged with inhibitors to treat inflammatory diseases. Here, we report a novel anti-TNF-α strategy using a short hairpin RNA silencing TACE (shTACE) to prevent and treat colitis.

Peptide inhibition of p22phox and Rubicon interaction as a therapeutic strategy for septic shock.

Sepsis is a clinical syndrome that complicates severe infection and is characterized by the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), is a life threatening disease characterized by inflammation of the entire body. Upon microbial infection, p22phox-gp91phox NADPH oxidase (NOX) complexes produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are critical for the elimination of invading microbes. However, excess production of ROS represents a key element in the cascade of deleterious processes in sepsis.

The targeted delivery of the c-Src peptide complexed with schizophyllan to macrophages inhibits polymicrobial sepsis and ulcerative colitis in mice.

Hyper-inflammatory responses triggered by intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to a variety of diseases, including sepsis and colitis. However, the regulators of this process remain poorly defined. In this study, we demonstrate that c-Src is a negative regulator of cellular ROS generation through its binding to p47phox.