Neural correlates in the development of and recovery from dysphagia after supratentorial stroke: A prospective tractography study.

Background: Swallowing impairment after stroke may be related to the state of the corticobulbar tract (CBT), which is the motor projection fiber responsible for deglutition, but evidence is still lacking regarding which parameter could relate to poststroke swallowing recovery as measured by videofluroscope findings. This prospective study evaluated diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters among dysphagic stroke patients compared with those of nondysphagia stroke patients and age-matched healthy subjects and followed swallowing recovery in dysphagic patients as assessed with the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP©).

Methods: Diffusion tractography was performed in 69 subjects, consisting of 27 S patients with dysphagia, 18 healthy subjects and 24 S patients with no evidence of dysphagia.

Role of Catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met Polymorphism on Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Swallowing.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is one of the latest post-stroke dysphagia treatment modalities, and the effect of tDCS is known to be affected by various factors including genetic polymorphisms. However, the role of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphisms on tDCS in swallowing is unclear. In this prospective pilot study, we aim to explore the effect of tDCS on the swallowing cortex and subsequent swallowing motor function according to COMT polymorphism.

Safe Needle Insertion Locations for Motor Point Injection of the Triceps Brachii Muscle: A Pilot Cadaveric and Ultrasonography Study.

Objective: To determine the location of the motor endplate zones (MoEPs) for the three heads of the triceps brachii muscles during cadaveric dissection and estimate the safe injection zone using ultrasonography.

Methods: We studied 12 upper limbs of 6 fresh cadavers obtained from body donations to the medical school anatomy institution in Seoul, Korea. The locations of MoEPs were expressed as the percentage ratio of the vertical distance from the posterior acromion angle to the midpoint of the olecranon process.

Can initial sarcopenia affect poststroke rehabilitation outcome?

This study investigated the association between the presence of sarcopenia, measured by nonhemiplegic grip strength, and the level of functional recovery, measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at six months after stroke. We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of a prospectively maintained database of 194 hemiplegic poststroke patients, who had been admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of a university-affiliated hospital. At 6 months after stroke, 72.

Determining Peak Cough Flow Cutoff Values to Predict Aspiration Pneumonia Among Patients With Dysphagia Using the Citric Acid Reflexive Cough Test.

Objective: To investigate the clinical usefulness of the peak cough flow generated during the citric acid reflexive cough test (0.28 mol/L) by determining the appropriate cutoff values that could accurately predict aspiration pneumonia within the first 6 months after onset.

Design: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database.