Integration of observational and causal evidence for the association between adiposity and 17 gastrointestinal outcomes: An umbrella review and meta-analysis.

We systematically reviewed observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) articles that evaluated the association between obesity and 17 gastrointestinal (GI) diseases to integrate causal and observational evidence. A total of 594 observational studies from 26 systematic reviews and meta-analyses and nine MR articles were included. For every 5 kg/m increase in body mass index (BMI), there was an increased risk of GI diseases ranging from 2% for rectal cancer (relative risk [RR]: 1.

Association Between Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid and Change in Fat-Free Mass Relative to Weight Loss in Patients Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Sleeve gastrectomy typically leads to weight loss, including a reduction in fat-free mass (FFM). Studies have shown significant FFM loss within 1 year after the procedure but with individual variations. This study aimed to assess whether preoperative amino acid metabolite levels can predict FFM changes following sleeve gastrectomy.

Discontinuation of blood pressure-lowering, glucose-lowering, and lipid-lowering medications after bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Background: Limited evidence exists on the patterns of medication use for hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia after bariatric surgery among Asian patients.

Objectives: To investigate the patterns in the use of blood pressure-lowering, glucose-lowering, and lipid-lowering medications following BS in Korean patients with morbid obesity.

Setting: This study is a retrospective cohort study using the Health Insurance Review and Assignment claims database of South Korea (from 2019 to 2021).

Long-term cardiovascular risk reduction after gastric cancer surgery: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Gastrectomy for gastric cancer is associated with postoperative changes in cardiovascular risk factors, however, the impact of gastrectomy on cardiovascular events remains unclear. The authors assessed the incidence of cardiovascular events between patients undergoing gastrectomy or endoscopic resection for gastric cancer, and the general population.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective nationwide cohort study included patients with gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy ( n =37 698), endoscopic resection ( n =2773), and matched control population ( n =161 887) between 2004 and 2013.

A multifaceted and inclusive methodology for the detection of sarcopenia in patients undergoing bariatric surgery: an in-depth analysis of current evidence.

Bariatric surgery is widely recognized as the most effective intervention for obesity and offers benefits beyond weight loss. However, not all patients achieve satisfactory weight loss, balanced changes in body composition, and resolution of comorbidities. Therefore, thorough pre- and postoperative evaluations are important to predict success and minimize adverse effects.

Comparative Analysis of Various Weight Loss Success Criteria Models After Bariatric Metabolic Surgery in Korean Morbid Obese Patients.

Purpose: To identify weight loss prediction models by validating previous models using weight loss success criteria.

Materials And Methods: Patients with morbid obesity from 4 hospitals were retrospectively analyzed between Jan 2019 and 2022. Preoperative demographics, postoperative data, and 1-year follow-up weight loss outcomes were compared between 2 groups who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB).

Association of bariatric surgery with indicated and unintended outcomes: An umbrella review and meta-analysis for risk-benefit assessment.

Bariatric surgery can cause numerous functional changes to recipients, some of which are unintended. However, a systematic evaluation of wide-angled health benefits and risks following bariatric surgery has not been conducted. We systematically evaluated published systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials and observational studies reporting the association between bariatric surgery and health outcomes.

Comparative Risk of Type 2 Diabetes after Gastrectomy and Endoscopic Resection for Gastric Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Patients with gastric cancer (GC) experience 2 characteristic treatment modalities (gastrectomy or endoscopic resection), which may induce heterogeneity in the risk of post-cancer treatment type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated differences in the risk for T2D development in survivors of GC according to the 2 treatment methods.

Study Design: This retrospective nationwide population-based cohort study included 14,646 patients with GC who underwent gastrectomy (n = 12,918) or endoscopic resection (n = 1,728).

Serum fibroblast growth factor 1 and its association with pancreatic beta cell function and insulin sensitivity in adults with glucose intolerance.

Background: Beneficial role of fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) in the regulation of glucose metabolism and adipose tissue remodeling was suggested in rodents. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum FGF1 levels and metabolic parameters in adults with glucose intolerance.

Methods: Serum FGF1 levels were examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 153 individuals with glucose intolerance.

Exploring objective factors to predict successful outcomes after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication.

Background: Currently, the reported parameters that predict the resolution of symptoms after surgery are largely subjective and unreliable. Considering that fundoplication rebuilds the structural integrity of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the authors focused on searching for objective and quantitative predictors for the resolution of symptoms based on the anatomical issues and whether an antireflux barrier can be well established or not.

Materials And Methods: The authors reviewed the prospectively collected data of 266 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who had undergone laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF).

The association between weight change after gastric cancer surgery and type 2 diabetes risk: A nationwide cohort study.

Background: Although gastric cancer patients generally experience drastic weight decrease post-gastrectomy, the impact of weight decrease on type 2 diabetes risk remains unclear. We investigated the type 2 diabetes risk after gastric cancer surgery according to postoperative weight decrease in gastric cancer survivors in South Korea, the country with the world's highest rate of gastric cancer survival.

Methods: This retrospective nationwide cohort study included gastric cancer surgery recipients between 2004 and 2014 who survived for ≥5 years post-surgery.

Association of Uncontrolled Hypertension or Diabetes Mellitus With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in South Korea: Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Managing hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is crucial to preventing cardiovascular diseases. Few studies have investigated the incidence and risk of cardiovascular diseases or mortality in uncontrolled HT or DM in the Asian population. Epidemiological studies of cardiovascular disease should be conducted with continuous consideration of the changing disease risk profiles, lifestyles, and socioeconomic status over time.

Incidence and risk factors of tuberculosis in patients following gastrectomy or endoscopic submucosal dissection: a cohort analysis of country-level data.

Background: Gastric cancer adversely affects nutrition and immunity, while increasing the risk of tuberculosis (TB). This study investigated the incidence and risk factors for TB in gastric cancer patients who had undergone gastrectomy or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using Korean national insurance claims data.

Biliopancreatic Limb Length as a Potential Key Factor in Superior Glycemic Outcomes After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Optimal length of biliopancreatic (BP) and Roux limb in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) for improved glycemic control are not known.

Purpose: To investigate how the lengths of the BP and Roux limbs in RYGB differentially affect postoperative glycemic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Data Sources: We conducted a systematic literature search using the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases.

Restoration for the foregut surgery: bridging gaps between foregut surgery practice and academia.

Foregut surgery largely involves benign diseases, and not only malignant diseases. However, for foregut surgeons in Asia, this fact has not been extensively utilized in their clinical practice due to the high burden of gastric cancer surgery. Although the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in Eastern Asia, including Korea, is increasing, antireflux surgery (ARS) is still a fairly rare procedure in Korea.

Quality and reliability evaluation of online videos on carpal tunnel syndrome: a YouTube video-based study.

Objectives: With the increasing popularity of searches for medical information on YouTube, the availability of videos concerning carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is increasing. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and reliability of YouTube videos on CTS.

Setting And Participants: No participants were included.

Comparative risk of anemia and related micronutrient deficiencies after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy in patients with obesity: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Although Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are the most prevalent bariatric surgical procedures, high-level evidence is scarce regarding the assessment of postoperative nutritional risk in RYGB versus SG. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the risk of anemia and related micronutrient deficiencies after RYGB and SG. We analyzed 10 randomized controlled trials that compared RYGB and SG with reported incidence of postoperative anemia and/or anemia-related micronutrient deficiencies (iron, vitamin B , or folate).

Metabolomics in Bariatric Surgery: Towards Identification of Mechanisms and Biomarkers of Metabolic Outcomes.

Bariatric surgery has been widely performed for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Efforts have been made to investigate the mechanisms underlying the metabolic effects achieved by bariatric surgery and to identify candidates who will benefit from this surgery. Metabolomics, which includes comprehensive profiling of metabolites in biological samples, has been utilized for various disease entities to discover pathophysiological metabolic pathways and biomarkers predicting disease progression or prognosis.

Remission of type 2 diabetes after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: diabetes prediction score.

Background: Although type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission after gastric cancer surgery has been reported, little is known about the predictors of postoperative T2D remission.

Methods: This study used data from a nationwide cohort provided by the National Health Insurance Service in Korea. We developed a diabetes prediction (DP) score, which predicted postoperative T2D remissions using a logistic regression model based on preoperative variables.

Effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression after thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: We assessed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression effects on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women who underwent thyroidectomy.

Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and SCOPUS were searched from inception to 24 February 2021.

Study Selection: Case-control studies were included.

Micronutrient status in bariatric surgery patients receiving postoperative supplementation per guidelines: Insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

The micronutrient status and optimal monitoring schedule after bariatric surgery have not been sufficiently assessed. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the longitudinal changes in micronutrient status after bariatric surgery. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched for articles that measured preoperative and postoperative serum micronutrient levels in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG).