Control of meiotic crossover interference by a proteolytic chaperone network.

Meiosis is a specialized eukaryotic division that produces genetically diverse gametes for sexual reproduction. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair and undergo reciprocal exchanges, called crossovers, which recombine genetic variation. Meiotic crossovers are stringently controlled with at least one obligate exchange forming per chromosome pair, while closely spaced crossovers are inhibited by interference.

HIGH CROSSOVER RATE1 encodes PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE X1 and restricts meiotic crossovers in Arabidopsis.

Meiotic crossovers are tightly restricted in most eukaryotes, despite an excess of initiating DNA double-strand breaks. The majority of plant crossovers are dependent on class I interfering repair, with a minority formed via the class II pathway. Class II repair is limited by anti-recombination pathways; however, similar pathways repressing class I crossovers have not been identified.

DeepTetrad: high-throughput image analysis of meiotic tetrads by deep learning in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Meiotic crossovers facilitate chromosome segregation and create new combinations of alleles in gametes. Crossover frequency varies along chromosomes and crossover interference limits the coincidence of closely spaced crossovers. Crossovers can be measured by observing the inheritance of linked transgenes expressing different colors of fluorescent protein in Arabidopsis pollen tetrads.

An association of urinary sodium-potassium ratio with insulin resistance among Korean adults.

Background/objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sodium-potassium ratio on insulin resistance and sensitivity in Korean adults.

Subjects/methods: Subjects were 3,722 adults (1,632 men and 2,090 women) aged 40-69 years participating in the Korean genome and epidemiology study_Ansan and Ansung study. Insulin resistance was assessed using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HoMA-IR) and fasting insulin, and insulin sensitivity was assessed by using the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI).

Associations of serum levels of vitamins A, C, and E with the risk of cognitive impairment among elderly Koreans.

Background/objectives: Korea is quickly becoming an aged society. Dementia is also becoming a vital public health problem in Korea. Cognitive impairment as a pre-stage of dementia shares most risk factors for dementia.

Circulating folate levels and colorectal adenoma: a case-control study and a meta-analysis.

Background/objectives: The relationship between folate and colorectal neoplasia remains controversial. We examined the association between serum folate concentrations and colorectal adenomas in a case-control study of Korean adults and conducted a meta-analysis.

Subjects/methods: Our case-control study included 113 pairs of case and control who underwent colonoscopy and provided blood samples.

Interaction between Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Urinary Sodium, Potassium, and Sodium-Potassium Ratio on the Risk of Hypertension in Korean Adults.

Hypertension is a complex disease explained with diverse factors including environmental factors and genetic factors. The objectives of this study were to determine the interaction effects between gene variants and 24 h estimated urinary sodium and potassium excretion and sodium-potassium excretion ratios on the risk of hypertension. A total of 8839 participants were included in the genome-wide association study (GWAS) to find genetic factors associated with hypertension.

Ultrasonographic findings of the various diseases presenting as calf pain.

There are various causes of calf pain. The differential diagnoses affecting the lower leg include cystic lesions, trauma-related lesions, infection or inflammation, vascular lesions, neoplasms, and miscellaneous entities. Ultrasound (US) provide detailed anatomical information of the calf structures, and it offers the ability to confirm, other calf abnormalities, particularly when deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is ruled out.

Alcohol intake, smoking, and colorectal adenoma.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Korea. Because colorectal adenoma is a precursor lesion of colorectal cancer, primary prevention of colorectal adenomas may be important for reducing morbidity and mortality from the disease. The aim of this study is to examine the association of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking in relation with colorectal adenoma in a cross-sectional study of Korean adults.

Periductal mastitis mimicking breast cancer in a male breast.

Periductal mastitis in a male patient rarely has been reported in the English literature. Herein, we now present a rare case of periductal mastitis mimicking breast cancer, both clinically and radiologically, in a 37-year-old man. Mammogram and sonogram showed a mass with irregular shape, spiculated margin and a nipple retraction, mimicking a male breast cancer.

Imaging findings of intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia presenting in extremities: correlation with pathological findings.

Objective: To describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) findings of intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) arising in extremities.

Materials And Methods: Six patients with IPEH confirmed by surgical resection were reviewed retrospectively. Before resection, 3 patients underwent both MRI and US and 3 patients underwent only MRI.

Crisscross-configured dual stent placement for trisectoral drainage in patients with advanced biliary hilar malignancies.

Purpose: To evaluate technical success and clinical efficacy of crisscross-configured dual biliary stent implantation in patients with a biliary hilar tumor extending beyond the segmental ducts.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2002 and December 2006, two metallic stents were placed crossing each other in a hepatic hilum in 42 patients. One stent was placed between one right sectoral duct and the left hepatic duct and the other was placed between another right sectoral duct and the common bile duct.