Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Into the Future: Lowering Infection Rates in Cranioplasty.

Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common complications following cranioplasty. At our institution, 3D printing has emerged as a popular option for creating customized polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cranioplasty implants that are lower profile than older, non-3D-printed implants. The 3D-printed implants can be integrated, with fixation plates already attached, or nonintegrated, with separate fixation plates available.

Innumerable Culture-Negative Intracranial Abscesses in an Immunocompetent Young Male Diagnosed by 16s rRNA Gene Sequencing.

Here, we present a case of a healthy young man with an initial presentation concerning for infectious encephalitis later found on neuroimaging to have extensive intracranial lesions. Pathological analysis of these lesions was consistent with a bacterial intraparenchymal abscess; however, cultures were negative for a causative organism. Results of gene sequencing from an abscess sample were consistent with infection.

Global trends in importance of 24-hour movement behaviors to pediatric health: implications for South Korea.

Cultivating a 24-hour movement behavioral profile conducive to health and well-being, marked by adequate levels of physical activity, limited screen time, and sufficient sleep, has emerged as an important avenue for promoting pediatric health. We aimed to provide evidence of this potential, this multiphase, multimethod, and integrative review comprehensively investigated the global trends in health promotion initiatives and status of the Korean pediatric population. This integrative review comprised 3 phases employing various review methods: an environmental scan of existing guidelines for 24-hour movement behaviors worldwide, a rapid review of physical activity-related indicators from Global Matrix data, and a systematic review of 24-hour movement behaviors among children and adolescents in South Korea.

Efficiency Analysis of Powertrain for Internal Combustion Engine and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Tractor According to Agricultural Operations.

As interest in eco-friendly work vehicles grows, research on the powertrains of eco-friendly tractors has increased, including research on the development of eco-friendly vehicles (tractors) using hydrogen fuel cell power packs and batteries. However, batteries require a long time to charge and have a short operating time due to their low energy efficiency compared with hydrogen fuel cell power packs. Therefore, recent studies have focused on the development of tractors using hydrogen fuel cell power packs; however, there is a lack of research on powertrain performance analysis considering actual working conditions.

Discovery of -Aryl-'-[4-(aryloxy)cyclohexyl]squaramide-Based Inhibitors of LXR/SREBP-1c Signaling Pathway Ameliorating Steatotic Liver Disease: Navigating the Role of SIRT6 Activation.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is primarily attributed to the abnormal upregulation of hepatic lipogenesis, which is especially caused by the overactivation of the liver X receptor/sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (LXR/SREBP-1c) pathway in hepatocytes. In this study, we report the rational design and synthesis of a novel series of squaramides via bioisosteric replacement, which was evaluated for its inhibitory activity on the LXR/SREBP-1c pathway using dual cell-based assays. Compound was found to significantly downregulate LXR, SREBP-1c, and their target genes associated with lipogenesis.

Exerts Hypnotic Effects via the Adenosine A Receptor in Mice.

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder with significant societal and economic impacts. Current pharmacotherapies for insomnia are often accompanied by side effects, necessitating the development of new therapeutic drugs. In this study, the hypnotic effects and mechanisms of 30% ethanol extract (ESK) and one of its active compounds, myricitrin, were investigated using pentobarbital-induced sleep experiments, immunohistochemistry (IHC), receptor binding assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Role of Neutrophils in the Development of Steatotic Liver Disease.

This review explores the biological aspects of neutrophils, their contributions to the development of steatotic liver disease, and their potential as therapeutic targets for the disease. Although alcohol-associated and metabolic dysfunction-associated liver diseases originate from distinct etiological factors, the two diseases frequently share excessive lipid accumulation as a common contributor to their pathogenesis, thereby classifying them as types of steatotic liver disease. Dysregulated lipid deposition in the liver induces hepatic injury, triggering the activation of the innate immunity, partially through neutrophil recruitment.

The ubiquitin-proteasome system degrades fatty acid synthase under nitrogen starvation when autophagy is dysfunctional in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) are two major protein quality control mechanisms maintaining cellular proteostasis. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the de novo synthesis of saturated fatty acids is performed by a multienzyme complex known as fatty acid synthase (FAS). A recent study reported that yeast FAS is preferentially degraded by autophagy under nitrogen starvation.

Joint Association of Change in Physical Activity and Sitting Time with Metabolic Syndrome Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined impact of variations in physical activity (PA) and sitting time (ST) on the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study was conducted on a cohort of adults from the general population, aged 40-69 years, who participated in the KOGES community-based cohort study over a span of 10 years. Changes in PA and ST were assessed using the results from PA questionnaires completed during baseline and follow-up surveys.

Machine learning for clinical outcome prediction in cerebrovascular and endovascular neurosurgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Machine learning (ML) may be superior to traditional methods for clinical outcome prediction. We sought to systematically review the literature on ML for clinical outcome prediction in cerebrovascular and endovascular neurosurgery.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed, and original studies of patients undergoing cerebrovascular surgeries or endovascular procedures that developed a supervised ML model to predict a postoperative outcome or complication were included.

Comparison of Absolute and Relative Grip Strength to Predict Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in Korea: A Prospective Cohort Study.

This study aimed to investigate the association between absolute grip strength (AGS), relative grip strength (RGS) levels, and the risk of developing diabetes in middle-aged adults, utilizing longitudinal data. A total of 1935 participants, 51-81 years of age, were engaged in surveys both in 2017-2018 and during the subsequent follow-up survey in 2019-2020. Diabetes diagnosis and treatment were the criteria for categorizing individuals as "diabetic.

Association between the Composition of Drinking Water and Cognitive Function in the Elderly: A Systematic Review.

The prevalence of dementia increases with nearly 10 million new cases each year, with Alzheimer's disease contributing to 60-70% of cases. Environmental factors such as drinking water have been evaluated to determine if a relationship exists between trace elements in drinking water and the risk of developing cognitive disorders in the elderly. The purpose of the current systematic review was to evaluate an association between the composition of drinking water and cognitive function in the elderly.

Dimethyloxalylglycine Suppresses SREBP1c and Lipogenic Gene Expressions in Hepatocytes Independently of HIF1A.

Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) is a representative inhibitor of the prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD), which mediates the degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1-alpha (HIF1A). DMOG exerts its pharmacological effects via the canonical pathway that involves PHD inhibition; however, it remains unclear whether DMOG affects lipogenic gene expression in hepatocytes. We aimed to elucidate the effects of DMOG on sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP1c), a master regulator of fatty acid synthesis in hepatocytes.

HSP47 Increases the Expression of Type I Collagen in Fibroblasts through IRE1α Activation, XBP1 Splicing, and Nuclear Translocation of β-Catenin.

Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), also known as , functions as a collagen-specific molecular chaperone protein essential for the formation and stabilization of the collagen triple helix. Here, we delved into the regulatory pathways governed by HSP47, shedding light on collagen homeostasis. Our investigation revealed a significant reduction in mRNA levels in the skin tissue of older mice as compared to their younger counterparts.

Comparison of Absolute and Relative Grip Strength to Predict Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome: Eight-Year Follow-Up Study in Korea.

This study aimed to conduct an analysis of longitudinal study to investigate the association of absolute grip strength, and relative grip strength with incidence of metabolic syndrome. Participants who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, a chronic screening program conducted in Ahnseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, a primary survey conducted from 2013 to 2014 were selected. The presence of metabolic syndrome was classified using the standards of the International Diabetes Foundation following previous studies.

Overexpression of Interleukin-8 Promotes the Progression of Fatty Liver to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an advanced stage of fatty liver disease characterized by liver damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. Although neutrophil infiltration is consistently observed in the livers of patients with NASH, the precise role of neutrophil-recruiting chemokines and infiltrating neutrophils in NASH pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role of neutrophil infiltration in the transition from fatty liver to NASH by examining hepatic overexpression of interleukin-8 (IL8), a major chemokine responsible for neutrophil recruitment in humans.

Clinical outcomes associated with blenderized tube feedings in adults: A systematic review.

Nearly half a million individuals in the United States are dependent on enteral nutrition to meet their nutrition needs. Public interest in blenderized tube feeding (BTF) has increased over the past decade; however, medical professionals indicate a lack of knowledge about these products and their effects. The purpose of this review is to analyze clinical outcomes in adults who use a BTF formula as their primary nutrition source.

Elevated level of PLRG1 is critical for the proliferation and maintenance of genome stability of tumor cells.

Pleiotropic regulator 1 (PLRG1), a highly conserved element in the spliceosome, can form a NineTeen Complex (NTC) with Prp19, SPF27, and CDC5L. This complex plays crucial roles in both pre-mRNA splicing and DNA repair processes. Here, we provide evidence that PLRG1 has a multifaceted impact on cancer cell proliferation.

Spatial and clonality-resolved 3D cancer genome alterations reveal enhancer-hijacking as a potential prognostic marker for colorectal cancer.

The regulatory effect of non-coding large-scale structural variations (SVs) on proto-oncogene activation remains unclear. This study investigated SV-mediated gene dysregulation by profiling 3D cancer genome maps from 40 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We developed a machine learning-based method for spatial characterization of the altered 3D cancer genome.

Complete Genome Sequence of sp. Strain KICET-1, Isolated from Soybean Paste (Doenjang).

sp. strain KICET-1, a bacterium isolated from traditional Korean soybean paste (Doenjang) at Osong, has one 4,099,652-bp DNA chromosome. The G+C content is 46.

Insidious onset of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma in immune thrombocytopenic purpura: a case-based review.

Introduction: Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) can result from various etiologies with a variable degree of neurological deficits. Here, we describe a rare case of SEH secondary to immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in a child and review the literature of SSEH caused by ITP.

Case Report: A 9-year-old female who presented with rapid neurological decline, including bowel and bladder incontinence and paraparesis.

Corrigendum to "Physical activity in the era of climate change and COVID-19 pandemic: Results from the South Korea's 2022 Report Card on physical activity for children and adolescents" [J Exercise Sci Fitness 21(1) (2023) 26-33].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.

Results From South Korean 2022 Para Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents With Disabilities.

South Korea has developed its first Para Report Card on physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents with disabilities. Five national surveillance databases were used to evaluate PA indicators based on the benchmarks and grading rubric provided by Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance. Report card evaluation committees were invited to grade and assess the results using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis.