Characteristics of Early Pancreatic Cancer: Comparison between Stage 1A and Stage 1B Pancreatic Cancer in Multicenter Clinical Data Warehouse Study.

Background: Little is known about the characteristics of early pancreatic cancer. We aimed to identify the characteristics, clues for early detection, and prognostic factors for early pancreatic cancer by analyzing a large number of patients with stage 1 pancreatic cancer.

Methods: A clinical data warehouse that includes databases of all the medical records of eight academic institutions was used to select and analyze patients with pancreatic cancer that had been diagnosed from January 2010 to May 2023.

mRNA expression of CDH3, IGF2BP3, and BIRC5 in biliary brush cytology specimens is a useful adjunctive tool of cytology for the diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture.

Although advances have been made in diagnostic tools, the distinction between malignant and benign biliary strictures still remains challenging. Intraductal brush cytology is a convenient and safe method that is used for the diagnosis of biliary stricture, but, low sensitivity limits its usefulness. This study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of mRNA expression levels of target genes in brush cytology specimens combined with cytology for the diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture.

Radiation Doses of Various CT Protocols: a Multicenter Longitudinal Observation Study.

Emerging concerns regarding the hazard from medical radiation including CT examinations has been suggested. The purpose of this study was to observe the longitudinal changes of CT radiation doses of various CT protocols and to estimate the long-term efforts of supervising radiologists to reduce medical radiation. Radiation dose data from 11 representative CT protocols were collected from 12 hospitals.

Interleukin-6 is associated with obesity, central fat distribution, and disease severity in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Background/objective: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a systemic inflammatory disease, and cytokines are suggested to be related to the course of AP. Obesity and central fat distribution are considered to have been associated with severe AP. This study investigated the profile of inflammatory cytokines in AP to determine how they are related to obesity, central fat distribution, and AP severity.

Diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice multidetector CT angiography for detection of in-stent restenosis of vertebral artery ostium stents: comparison with conventional angiography.

Background: There are very few reports assessing in-stent restenosis (ISR) after vertebral artery ostium (VAO) stents using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography angiography (CTA) using 64-slice MDCT with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for detection of significant ISR after VAO stenting.

Material And Methods: The study evaluated 57 VAO stents in 57 patients (39 men, 18 women; mean age 64 years [range, 48-90 years]).

Initial large diameter of common bile duct is associated with long-term dilatation of bile duct after endoscopic extraction of stones.

Objective: To investigate the time and extent of recovery of dilated common bile duct (CBD) after the extraction of CBD stones and to identify the factors related to the long-term dilatation of the CBD after stone removal.

Methods: Data of 329 consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic extraction of CBD stones from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Finally, 44 patients were enrolled in the study.

Giant cell tumor with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst: a unique presentation with an ossified extraosseous soft tissue mass.

The authors describe a case of giant cell tumor (GCT) with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) in a 44-year-old man with chronic, intermittent knee pain. A unique feature is the presentation of GCT with an ossified extraosseous soft tissue mass. Radiograph demonstrates a multiloculated lytic lesion in the distal meta-epiphyseal region of the femur with an adjacent extraosseous soft tissue mass.

In vivo evaluation of carotid artery stents using multi-detector-row computed tomography angiography: comparison of 3 kernels.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the lumen visibility of carotid artery stents using multi-detector-row computed tomography (MDCT) angiography; compare medium-smooth, medium-sharp, and sharp kernels; and correlate these results to those of digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 52 stents from 51 patients who underwent 16- and 64-slice MDCT angiography. Lumen diameters were measured 3 times by 2 neuroradiologists, and artificial luminal narrowing was calculated.

Common bile duct stones on multidetector computed tomography: attenuation patterns and detectability.

Aim: To investigate the attenuation patterns and detectability of common bile duct (CBD) stones by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

Methods: Between March 2010 and February 2012, 191 patients with suspicion of CBD stones undergoing both MDCT and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were enrolled and reviewed retrospectively. The attenuation patterns of CBD stones on MDCT were classified as heavily calcified, radiopaque, less radiopaque, or undetectable.

Evaluation of middle cerebral artery stents using multidetector row CT angiography in vivo study: comparison of the three different kernels.

Background: There are very few reports assessing middle cerebral artery (MCA) stents using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

Purpose: To assess MCA stents using multidetector CT angiography (CTA) in vivo evaluation: the differences in the CTA results according to the three different kernels.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 27 MCA stents from 26 patients who underwent CTA with 16- and 64-slice MDCT after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS).

Role of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography for choledocholithiasis: analysis of patients with negative MRCP.

Objective: To investigate the negative predictive value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) for common bile duct (CBD) stones and the prognosis of patients suspected to have choledocholithiasis in whom the MRCP was negative for CBD stones.

Methods: We enrolled the patients suspected to have choledocholithiasis in whom the MRCP was negative for the CBD stones between January 2008 and March 2011 and retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 115 patients.

Results: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed in 27 patients (23%, group 1), and none had CBD stones.

Periosteal autograft for articular cartilage defects in dogs: MR imaging and ultrasonography of the repair process.

Background: Autologous periosteal grafting is used as treatment for cartilage defects.

Purpose: To assess the role of MR imaging and ultrasonography in the evaluation of the post-graft repair process with imaging and histologic correlation.

Material And Methods: Periosteal grafts obtained from the tibia of eight dogs were transplanted to the experimental cartilage defects in the femoral condyles (15 knees).

Relationship of visceral and subcutaneous adiposity with renal function in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are established risk factors for the development of chronic kidney disease. Visceral adiposity (VAT) and subcutaneous adiposity (SAT) may be associated with the differential metabolic risk. Our study was performed to determine whether VAT or SAT was associated with the decrease of renal function in people with type 2 DM.

Image quality improvement after implementation of a CT accreditation program.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate any improvement in the quality of abdominal CTs after the utilization of the nationally based accreditation program.

Materials And Methods: Approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board, and informed consent was waived. We retrospectively analyzed 1,011 outside abdominal CTs, from 2003 to 2007.

Emphasis on the MR imaging findings of brown tumor: a report of five cases.

Objective: Brown tumors are focal reactive osteolytic lesions that are encountered in patients with primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism, and these tumors have nonspecific magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings. However, there are only a few reports on MR imaging of brown tumors. The purpose of this study is to describe the spectrum of MR imaging findings of brown tumors.

Assessment of vertebral artery stents using 16-slice multi-detector row CT angiography in vivo evaluation: comparison of a medium-smooth kernel and a sharp kernel.

Objectives: To assess the lumen visibility of extracranial vertebral artery stents examined with 16-slice multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) angiography in vivo using a medium-smooth kernel (B30s) and a sharp kernel (B60s), and to compare these with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) after stent placement.

Methods: Twenty stents from 20 patients (14 men, 6 women; mean age, 62.7+/-10.

Polyvinyl alcohol embolization adjuvant to oily chemoembolization in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with arterioportal shunts.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and safety of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) embolization adjuvant to transarterial oily chemoembolization (P-TACE) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with arterioportal shunts (APS).

Materials And Methods: Nineteen patients who underwent PVA embolization for APS before a routine chemoembolization (TACE) procedure were retrospectively reviewed. 10 of these 19 patients underwent follow-up TACE or P-TACE after P-TACE (Group A), but nine patients underwent only initial P-TACE because of progression of HCC and/or underlying liver cirrhosis (Group B).

Acute and repeated inhalation lung injury by 3-methoxybutyl chloroformate in rats: CT-pathologic correlation.

Objectives: To investigate the acute and repeated pulmonary damage in Sprague-Dawley rats caused by the inhalation of 3-methoxybutyl chloroformate (3-MBCF) using computed tomography (CT), and to correlate these results with those obtained from a pathological study.

Methods: Sixty, 7-week-old rats were exposed to 3-MBCF vapor via inhalation (6 h/day) for 1 day (N=20), 3 days (N=20), and 28 days (5 days/week) (N=20) using whole body exposure chambers at a concentration of 0 (control), 3, 6 and 12 ppm. CT examinations including densitometry and histopathologic studies were carried out.