Organ-Specific Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Various Organs of Xenotransplanted Rats: A Pilot Study.

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are potential therapeutics considering their self-renewal capacity and ability to differentiate into all somatic cell types in vitro. The ideal ADSC-based therapy is a direct injection into the relevant organs. The objective of this study was to investigate the viability and safety of intra-organ human ADSC (h-ADSC) xenotransplants in vivo.

Can Evoked Potential Changes during the Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass Surgery Predict Postoperative Improvement of Cerebral Perfusion and Functional Status?

Background: We investigated evoked potential (EP) changes during superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass surgery and their correlations with imaging and clinical findings postoperatively.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent STA-MCA bypass surgery due to ischemic stroke with large artery occlusion (MB group). Patients who underwent unruptured MCA aneurysm clipping were enrolled in the control group (MC group).

Machine Learning-Based Three-Month Outcome Prediction in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Single Cerebrovascular-Specialty Hospital Study in South Korea.

Background: Functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke are of great concern to patients and their families, as well as physicians and surgeons who make the clinical decisions. We developed machine learning (ML)-based functional outcome prediction models in acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: This retrospective study used a prospective cohort database.

Association of Family History with the Development of Breast Cancer: A Cohort Study of 129,374 Women in KoGES Data.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) is a large cohort study that is available to the public. Using this large cohort study, we aimed to unravel the relationship between breast cancer development and a family history of breast cancer in Korea.

Usefulness of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring During the Clipping of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm: Diagnostic Efficacy and Detailed Protocol.

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has been widely applied in brain vascular surgeries to reduce postoperative neurologic deficit (PND). This study aimed to investigate the effect of IONM during clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). Between January 2013 and August 2020, we enrolled 193 patients with 202 UIAs in the N group (clipping without IONM) and 319 patients with 343 UIAs in the M group (clipping with IONM).

Strategy to reduce unnecessary surgeries in thyroid nodules with cytology of Bethesda category III (AUS/FLUS): a retrospective analysis of 667 patients diagnosed by surgery.

Purpose: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is widely used for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules detected by ultrasonography. However, the cytology of atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) often leads to unnecessary thyroid surgery. This study aimed to identify a strategy to reduce unnecessary surgeries in patients with AUS/FLUS nodules.

In-Vitro Study of Urokinase Thrombolysis Following Stereotactic Aspiration of Intracerebral Hematoma.

Objective: A consensus regarding the ideal regimen for urokinase (UK) thrombolysis subsequent to stereotactic spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage aspiration has yet to be established. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of UK thrombolysis relative to when the regimen is changed.

Methods: Venous blood from 30 heathy volunteers was obtained for this in-vitro study.

Intraoperative Mannitol Administration Increases the Risk of Postoperative Chronic Subdural Hemorrhage After Unruptured Aneurysm Surgery.

Objective: Although mannitol is used widely to facilitate brain retraction in cases of ruptured aneurysms, there is no consensus about the intraoperative administration of mannitol in the case of unruptured aneurysms. Accordingly, this study was conducted to identify an intraoperative mannitol administration strategy.

Methods: Mannitol was administered routinely to patients (n = 90) from January 2015 to April 2016 and not administered to patients (n = 97) from May 2016 to June 2017.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak at Percutaneous Exit of Ventricular Catheter as a Crucial Risk Factor for External Ventricular Drainage-Related Infection in Adult Neurosurgical Patients.

Objective: The placement of a ventricular catheter for temporary cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion is associated with a considerable risk of CSF infection. The authors investigated the effect of a CSF leak on CSF-related infection and the predisposing factors for a CSF leak.

Methods: Fifty-two patients who underwent external ventricular drainage (EVD) for acute hydrocephalus associated with a subarachnoid hemorrhage or intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) were enrolled in this prospective study.

Traumatic Brain Injury in Children under Age 24 Months: Analysis of Demographic Data, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Post-traumatic Seizure.

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children under age 24 months has characteristic features because the brain at this age is rapidly growing and sutures are opened. Moreover, children this age are completely dependent on their parents. We analyzed the demographic data and risk factors for outcomes in TBI patients in this age group to elucidate their clinical characteristics.

Intradural Procedural Time to Assess Technical Difficulty of Superciliary Keyhole and Pterional Approaches for Unruptured Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms.

Objective: This study used the intradural procedural time to assess the overall technical difficulty involved in surgically clipping an unruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm via a pterional or superciliary approach. The clinical and radiological variables affecting the intradural procedural time were investigated, and the intradural procedural time compared between a superciliary keyhole approach and a pterional approach.

Methods: During a 5.

Two cases of cavernous malformation presenting with unusual and large intracerebral hemorrhages.

Cavernous malformations (CMs), characterized by the presence of a hemosiderin rim and intralesional hemorrhage, are relatively common intracranial vascular malformations. Extralesional hemorrhages arising from CMs are seen in a minority of cases, but most of them show typical CM findings on magnetic resonance imaging. Here, the authors report two cases of pathologically confirmed CM presenting with unusual and large intracerebral hemorrhages, which were not surrounded by the typical hemosiderin rim.

Ectopic expression of apple MbR7 gene induced enhanced resistance to transgenic Arabidopsis plant against a virulent pathogen.

A disease resistance related gene, MbR7, was identified in the wild apple species, Malus baccata. The MbR7 gene has a single open reading frame (ORF) of 3,288 nucleotides potentially encoding a 1,095-amino acid protein. Its deduced amino acid sequence resembles the N protein of tobacco and the NL27 gene of potato and has several motifs characteristic of a TIR-NBS-LRR R gene subclass.