Prediction of Red Blood Cell Antibody Significance Using the Monocyte-Macrophage Assay.

Derived from monocytes in the bone marrow, macrophages are large, innate immune cells that play a major role in clearing dead cells, debris, tumor cells, and foreign pathogens. The phagocytic capacity of monocytes versus macrophages is a concept that is not well understood. Here, we aim to examine a difference in the phagocytosis of monocytes versus macrophages, specifically M1/M2 macrophages, against various opsonized red cells using a modified and updated version of the established monocyte monolayer assay (MMA).

Predictive Models for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Diagnosis in Mexican Patients with Gallstone Disease: Sex-Specific Insights.

(1) Background: Evidence regarding Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) diagnosis is limited in the context of patients with gallstone disease (GD). This study aimed to assess the predictive potential of conventional clinical and biochemical variables as combined models for diagnosing NAFLD in patients with GD. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study including 239 patients with GD and NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasonography who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and liver biopsy was conducted.

Correlation of the pediatric metabolic index with NAFLD or MAFLD diagnosis, and serum adipokine levels in children.

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by ectopic fat deposition in the liver. However, a recent classification of this condition, which also integrates the presence of coexisting metabolic disorders, termed Metabolic dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), has been proposed. NAFLD is increasingly common in early childhood, partly due to the increase in metabolic disease in this age.

Nutritional, pharmacological, and environmental programming of NAFLD in early life.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main liver disease worldwide, and its prevalence in children and adolescents has been increasing in the past years. It has been demonstrated that parental exposure to different conditions, both preconceptionally and during pregnancy, can lead to fetal programming of several metabolic diseases, including NAFLD. In this article, we review some of the maternal and paternal conditions that may be involved in early-life programing of adult NAFLD.

Factors and Practices Associated with Self-Medicating Children among Mexican Parents.

Background: Pediatric self-medication is based on the subjective interpretation of symptoms in children by the mother or an adult, the decision to self-medicate is made by a third party. The objective of this work is to provide information on the factors and practices associated with the self-medication of children among parents in Mexico.

Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted between June 2020 and December 2021 on Mexican parents with children under 12 years of age.

Use of herbal medicine for diabetes mellitus in adults from the central-western region of Mexico.

Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of herbal medicine (HM) use and factors influencing HM usage including the identification of the main plants consumed by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in central-western Mexico.

Design: A total of 1862 patients with diabetes were surveyed in public and private hospitals in four states (Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacan, and San Luis Potosi) of the central-western region of Mexico. The chi-square test was used to assess associations between HM use and demographic characteristics, such as glucose levels, presence of complications and comorbidities, as well as the selected therapy to treat T2DM.

Use of allopathic and complementary medicine for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexican adults: A national survey.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of allopathic and complementary medicine use for preventing the infection with SARS-CoV-2 in Mexico. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire among general adult population (n = 16,724) of the 32 Mexican states from March to November 2020.

Methods: The factors associated with the use, self-medication practice, and adverse reactions due the consumption of allopathic and complementary medicine to prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus were assessed using a structured questionnaire.

Self-treatment and adverse reactions with herbal products for treating symptoms associated with anxiety and depression in adults from the central-western region of Mexico during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: There are plant species used in the Mexican traditional medicine for the empirical treatment of anxiety and depression.

Aim Of The Study: This work assessed the prevalence of self-medication with medicinal plants and the prevalence of the concomitant use of prescribed psychiatric drugs and medicinal plants for treating symptoms associated with anxiety and depression during the Covid-19 lockdown in Mexico.

Materials And Methods: The suspected adverse reactions associated with drug-herb interactions were assessed.

Non-invasive diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using an algorithm combining clinical indexes and ultrasonographic measures.

Introduction And Objective: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic liver disease related to insulin resistance, which requires invasive methods for diagnosis. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the use of an algorithm involving both clinical indices and hepatic ultrasound measurements improves the accuracy for the non-invasive diagnosis of NAFLD.

Patients And Methods: Cross-sectional study with patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy.

FGF21 and its Relationship with Inflammatory and Metabolic Parameters in HIV Patients after Antiretroviral Treatment.

Background: Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) serum levels are associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in HIV patients.

Objective: To quantify FGF21 levels in HIV patients using antiretroviral therapy (ART) and to analyze a possible association between serum FGF21 levels and lipid profile, levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and atherogenic risk factors.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients with HIV infection, who received ART in a scheme consisting of Tenofovir/Emtricitabine+Lopinavir/Ritonavir, were enrolled in this study.

Association of the 3'UTR polymorphism (rs11665896) in the FGF21 gene with metabolic status and nutrient intake in children with obesity.

Background Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is considered an important regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism. However, the role of FGF21 in macronutrient intake and metabolic disease, particularly in pediatric population, still needs further clarification. This study aimed to evaluate the association of rs11665896 in the FGF21 gene with metabolic status and macronutrient intake in a cohort of Mexican children with obesity.

Self-treatment with herbal products for weight-loss among overweight and obese subjects from central Mexico.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Mexico ranks second in the world for obesity prevalence. In Mexico, obese and overweight subjects commonly seek alternative treatments for weight-loss, including the use of herbal products.

Aim Of The Study: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of self-medication with herbal products for weight-loss among overweight and obese subjects residing in four states (Guanajuato, San Luis Potosi, State of Mexico, and Mexico City) from central Mexico.

PTPN22 1858C>T polymorphism is associated with increased CD154 expression and higher CD4+ T cells percentage in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Background: CD40 is a costimulatory molecule for B cells, and CD154 is a marker of CD4+ T cells activation. CD40-CD154 interaction promotes pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and autoantibodies production. PTPN22 gene encodes LYP protein, an inhibitor of T- and B-cell activation.

PTPN22 -1123G>C polymorphism and anti-cyclic citrullinated protein antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background And Objectives: The protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) gene encodes an important negative regulator of T-cell activation, lymphoid-specific phosphatase -Lyp- and has been associated with different autoimmune disorders. The PTPN22 -1123G>C polymorphism appears to affect the transcriptional control of this gene, but to date, the biological significance of this polymorphisms on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk remains unknown. We evaluate the association of PTPN22 -1123G>C polymorphism with anti-cyclic citrullinated protein antibodies (anti-CCP) and risk for RA in population from Western Mexico.

Association of Haplotypes (-1123G>C/+1858C>T) with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Western Mexican Population.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), a consequence of the breakdown of immune tolerance. The lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase (Lyp) protein has significant effects on maintenance of peripheral immune tolerance. Two polymorphic variants (-1123G>C and +1858C>T) at gene that encodes this protein have been associated with autoimmune disorders and found in strong linkage disequilibrium in Caucasian population.

Polymorphisms and functional haplotype in PADI4: further evidence for contribution on rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in a western Mexican population.

Peptidyl arginine deiminase IV (PADI4) enzyme catalyzes the citrullination of proteins, which are recognized by anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Here, we determined the association between PADI4 gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with RA susceptibility and clinical characteristics in a western Mexican population. The relationship of PADI4 polymorphisms with anti-CCP and PADI4 mRNA expression was also evaluated.

The +1858C/T PTPN22 gene polymorphism confers genetic susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in Mexican population from the Western Mexico.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease with a complex genetic background. The PTPN22 gene encodes lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase LYP, a potent negative regulator of T cell activation. Polymorphic variants of this gene have previously been associated with various autoimmune disorders.