Spin waves can be used as information carriers with low energy dissipation. The excitation and propagation of spin waves along reconfigurable magnonic circuits is the subject of much interest in the field of magnonic applications. Here we experimentally demonstrate an effective excitation of spin waves in reconfigurable magnetic textures at frequencies as high as 15 GHz and wavelengths as short as 80 nm from NiFe (Py) nanodisk-film hybrid structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunoreaction of specific antibodies to antigens is widely used in numerous immunoanalysis applications. However, diffusion-dominated transport in stationary solutions limits the rate and binding density of immunoreaction. This research describes the construction of chip-type concentric multi-double ring electrodes and single central disk electrode.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpin waves (SW) are low energy excitations of magnetization in magnetic materials. In the promising field of magnonics, fundamental SW modes, magnons, are accessible in magnetic nanostructure waveguides and carry information. The SW propagates in both metals and insulators via magnetization dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCigarette smoke contains ethylating agents which damage DNA producing ethylated DNA adducts, such as N(3)-ethyladenine (3-EtAde), N(7)-ethylguanine (7-EtGua), and regioisomers of ethylthymine. Among them, 3-EtAde and 7-EtGua are present in human urine and their levels are higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. The amount of ethylated DNA adducts in tissue DNA represents the steady-state levels of DNA adducts resulting from the ethylating agent after repair in vivo.
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