Promoting osteogenesis is crucial to improve successful bone regeneration in bone tissue engineering. Several studies on osteogenesis have reported positive effects of ω-9 monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) on bone regeneration. This study examined the potential of ω-9 monounsaturated fatty acid abundant seed oil mechanically extracted from Sapindus mukorossi (S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a multifaceted clinical syndrome characterized by mineral imbalances, abnormalities in bone metabolism, chronic inflammation and vascular calcification. Etelcalcetide, a second-generation intravenous calcimimetic agent, has been approved for treating high-turnover renal osteodystrophy, effectively targeting the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this condition. We investigate the impacts of etelcalcetide on osteoclast (OC) differentiation and functionality in CKD-MBD via three critical mechanisms: inflammation initiated by interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), receptor-interacting protein (RIP)-mediated necroptosis and apoptosis-induced cell death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is associated with a higher risk of mortality. Understanding the risk factors contributing to COVID-19-related AKI and mortality before vaccination is important for the initiation of preventative measures and early treatment strategies.
Methods: This study included patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with COVID-19 through polymerase chain reaction from May 2020 to July 2021, admitted in three local hospitals in Taiwan, with an extended follow-up until June 30, 2022.
Kidney diseases with kidney failure or damage, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI), are common clinical problems worldwide and have rapidly increased in prevalence, affecting millions of people in recent decades. A series of novel diagnostic or predictive biomarkers have been discovered over the past decade, enhancing the investigation of renal dysfunction in preclinical studies and clinical risk assessment for humans. Since multiple causes lead to renal failure, animal studies have been extensively used to identify specific disease biomarkers for understanding the potential targets and nephropathy events in therapeutic insights into disease progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and are excluded from preauthorization COVID-19 vaccine trials; therefore, their immunogenicity is uncertain.
Methods: To compare the antibody responses to homologous ChAdOx1 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hemodialysis patients, 103 age- and sex-matched hemodialysis patients with two homologous prime-boost vaccinations were recruited to detect anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG levels and seroconversion rates (SCRs) 14 days after a prime dose (PD14), before and 28 days after a boost dose (pre-BD0 and BD28).
Results: Both mRNA-1273 and ChAdOx1 vaccinations elicited immunogenicity in study subjects, and the former induced higher anti-RBD IgG levels than the latter.
Purpose Of The Study: The risk of bone fracture is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and aggressive treatment to reduce fragility fracture risk is the major strategy. However, the outcomes of osteoporosis medications in patients with CKD remain unclear.
Study Design: Patients with stage 3-5 CKD during 2011-2019 were enrolled.
The early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction is difficult in patients with nondiagnostic characteristics. Acute myocardial infarction with chest pain is associated with increased mortality. This study developed a portable test kit based on cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) for the rapid detection of AMI through eye observation at home.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To investigate the factors affecting hemodialysis patients' self-management ability at a dialysis center in Taiwan.
Background: Taiwan has the highest incidence and prevalence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in the world. Over 90% of patients with ESKD receiving hemodialysis (HD) and self-management behaviors are critical among these patients.
Introduction: End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients who need renal replacement therapy need to face a dialysis modality decision: the choice between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Although the global differences in HD/PD penetration are affected by health-care policies, these two modalities may exert different effects on survival in patients with ESKD. Although Taiwan did not implicate PD as first policy, we still need to compare patients’ outcomes using two modalities in a nation-wise database to determine future patients’ care and health policies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: A vegetarian very low-protein diet (VLPD) supplemented with ketoanalogues of essential amino acids Ketoanalogue-supplemented very low-protein diet (sVLPD) delays dialysis initiation in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this cost-effectiveness analysis, we compare an sVLPD with a conventional low-protein diet (LPD) in patients with CKD stage 4-5 using data from Taiwan and Thailand.
Design And Methods: A Markov model simulated health outcomes and care costs in patients receiving an sVLPD (0.
Although erythropoietin-stimulating agents are effective in treating anemia in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) undergoing hemodialysis, some ESKD patients, especially those with inflammation, continue to suffer from anemia. Statin, an inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase with lipid-lowering effects, may have a pleiotropic effect in reducing inflammation, and thus increase hemoglobin (Hb) level. We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for relevant studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients tend to have a reduced immune response to infection and vaccination. The efficacy of current available COVID-19 vaccines in CKD patients has not been widely evaluated.
Methods: In the present study, three hundred and eight chronic dialysis patients received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca, AZ).
Colonic polyps are a common cause of persistent bloody stools in pediatric patients. Such polyps are easily diagnosed by a barium study of the lower gastrointestinal tract or by colonoscopy. Polypectomies utilizing electric ligators are generally performed on pediatric patients, and such patients can be easily operated on.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite having a well-established pre-end-stage kidney disease (pre-ESKD) care program, Taiwan has a high incidence of ESKD. Unrecovered incident dialysis may lead to the maintenance of dialysis. Contrast medium (CM) or general anesthesia (GA) may also induce dialysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose Of The Study: The risk of bone fracture is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and aggressive treatment to reduce fragility fracture risk is the major strategy. However, the outcomes of osteoporosis medications in patients with CKD remain unclear.
Study Design: Patients with stage 3-5 CKD during 2011-2019 were enrolled.
Objectives: Over the past two decades, debates on whether the profit status of dialysis facilities influences patient prognosis have been popular in the USA. Taiwan is one of the regions with the highest rate per capita of kidney replacement therapy worldwide, but no similar research has been conducted to date. This is the first study to address this issue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) ruptures are unpredictable and lethal. A biomarker predicting AAA rupture risk could help identify patients with small, screen-detected AAAs. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactosidase-binding lectin, is involved in inflammatory processes and may be associated with AAA incidence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Patients with kidney failure have a high risk of cardiovascular disease due to cardiac remodeling, left ventricular fibrosis, and hyperaldosteronism, all of which can be potentially mitigated by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. However, because of the fear of hyperkalemia, the use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with kidney failure is limited in current clinical practice, and few studies have investigated the efficacy and safety. Thus, we aimed to determine the benefits and side effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in patients with kidney failure treated with dialysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of this study is to evaluate the alterations in bone mineral density and other surrogate markers for osteoporosis in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who received Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) versus medical treatment as control.
Methods: We searched 4 electronic databases and reference lists of relevant studies for eligible research published before December, 2019. After quality assessment, eligible studies were synthesized for relevant outcomes, including lumbar spine bone mineral density (L-spine BMD) change, total hip BMD change, osteocalcin level, C-terminal telopeptide level, and parathyroid hormone level.
The characteristics in dialyzer are associated with mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving hemodialysis (HD). This study is to investigate the effects of dialyzer membranes on 3-year mortality in ESRD patients. From the long-term nationwide population database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentifying modifiable risk factors of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis is of clinical importance in patient care. Mineral bone disease (MBD) has been associated with mortality and morbidity in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. However, its influence on PD related peritonitis due to altered host immunity remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims Of The Study: A high prevalence of protein-energy wasting and malnutrition among uremic patients is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate the modulating effect of daily dietary protein intake (DPI) evaluated by normalised protein catabolic rate (nPCR) on mortality in long-term haemodialysis (HD) patient from a nationwide population-based study.
Methods Used To Conduct The Study: By Taiwan Renal Registry Data System between 2005 and 2012, we divided the long-term HD patients into average nPCR < 1.