An exploratory study on the knowledge, attitude and practice of sharp disposal among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Northern Peninsular Malaysia.

Background: The use of exogenous insulin exposes the patients to sharps (insulin pen needles and lancets). Improper sharps disposal increases the risk of transmitting diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, Human Immunodeficiency Virus and other blood borne diseases.

Aims: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of sharp disposal among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the Northern Peninsular of Malaysia.

Effect of soy-based meal replacement on weight loss: A systematic review and meta-analyses protocol.

Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease that is strongly associated with multiple comorbidities and mortality. Weight reduction in overweight and obese patients was highly desired to minimize future complications. Meal replacement is emerging as one of the effective tools to promote weight loss.

The rate of progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus to end stage renal disease - A single centred retrospective study from Malaysia.

Introduction: In Malaysia, 61% of dialysis cases are secondary to diabetes. To date, we are still lacking of data on the rate of progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to end stage renal disease (ESRD) in Malaysia.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at nephrology unit of a tertiary hospital in Kedah.

Renin angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers usage among type II diabetes mellitus patients-A Retrospective Study.

Aims: Recent data showed an alarming rise of new dialysis cases secondary to diabetic nephropathy despite the growing usage of RAAS blockers. Primary objective of this study is to explore the prevalence of RAAS blockers usage among type II diabetic patients, secondary objectives are to compare the prescribing pattern of RAAS blocker between primary and tertiary care center and to explore if the dose of RAAS blocker prescribed was at optimal dose as suggested by trials.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at one public tertiary referral hospital and one public health clinic in Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia.