Role of caffeine in slowing progression of myopia: 1-year results from a prospective, longitudinal clinical trial.

Purpose: To determine the role of topical caffeine in slowing progression of myopia, both as a standalone treatment and in combination with atropine.

Methods: In a prospective, randomized, dispensing clinical trial, 96 children with myopia, aged 6-13 years, spherical equivalent (SE) from -0.50 diopters (D) to -6.

Impact of Various Concentrations of Low-Dose Atropine on Pupillary Diameter and Accommodative Amplitude in Children with Myopia.

To assess over 2 weeks, the effect of 3 different low concentrations of atropine on pupillary diameter and accommodative amplitude in children with myopia. Fifty-eight children with myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) of -0.50 diopters (D) or worse, astigmatism of less than or equal to 2.

Spectacle Lenses With Highly Aspherical Lenslets for Slowing Myopia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Cross-Over Clinical Trial: Parts of these data were presented as a poster at the Annual Research in Vision and Ophthalmology meeting, 2022.

Purpose: To evaluate myopia progression with highly aspherical lenslet (HAL) spectacles vs conventional single vision (SV) spectacles.

Design: Prospective, double-blind, single-center, randomized, cross-over trial.

Method: A total of 119 Vietnamese children (7-13 years of age, spherical equivalent refractive error [SE] = -0.

A Meta-Analysis Assessing Change in Pupillary Diameter, Accommodative Amplitude, and Efficacy of Atropine for Myopia Control.

Purpose: To determine the effect of atropine on pupillary diameter, accommodative amplitude as well as myopia progression.

Methods: Medical databases and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies from 1980 until June 2020. The primary and secondary outcomes were: a) change in pupillary diameter (PD) and accommodative amplitude (AA) and b) annualized mean change in spherical equivalent and axial length with various concentrations of atropine compared to control.

A Review of Myopia Control with Atropine.

Myopia is a global public health issue with a worldwide prevalence of ∼30% and is estimated to rise to 50% by 2050. In addition to the burden associated with routine management of the condition, high myopia predisposes the eye to sight-threatening complications such as myopic maculopathy and glaucoma in adult life. Controlling onset and progression of myopia at a young age can reduce the risk of morbidity associated with high myopia.

Strain-stiffening gels based on latent crosslinking.

Gels represent an increasingly important class of soft materials with applications ranging from regenerative medicine to commodity materials. However, gels typically exhibit relative mechanical weakness, which worsens under repeated strain. Here we report a new class of responsive gels with latent crosslinking moieties that exhibit strain-stiffening behavior.

Epipolis-Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Discarding Epithelium Versus Laser In Situ Keratomileusis for Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism in Asian Eyes.

Purpose: To compare long-term safety, efficacy, predictability, and visual outcomes of epipolis-laser in situ keratomileusis (epi-LASIK) discarding epithelium versus LASIK in Asian eyes.

Design: This was a prospective, randomized, bilateral case series.

Methods: This study included 166 eyes of 83 patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism who received epi-LASIK in 1 eye and LASIK in the contralateral eye.

Characterization of the column and autocellular junctions that define the vasculature of gill lamellae.

Novel adhesion junctions have been characterized that are formed at the interface between pillar cells and collagen columns, both of which are essential constituents of the gill lamellae in fish. We termed these junctions the "column junction" and "autocellular junction" and determined their molecular compositions by immunofluorescence microscopy using pufferfish. We visualized collagen columns by concanavalin A staining and found that the components of integrin-mediated cell-matrix adhesion, such as talin, vinculin, paxillin, and fibronectin, were concentrated on plasma membranes surrounding collagen columns (column membranes).

Spliced isoforms of LIM-domain-binding protein (CLIM/NLI/Ldb) lacking the LIM-interaction domain.

LIM-domain-binding proteins (CLIM/NLI/Ldb) are nuclear cofactors for LIM homeodomain transcription factors (LIM-HDs) and LIM-only proteins (LMOs). The LIM-interaction domain (LID) of Ldb is located in the carboxy-terminal region and encoded by the last exon (exon 10) of Ldb genes. It is known that the mammalian CLIM1/Ldb2 gene has a splice isoform, named CLIM1b, lacking the LID.

FHL5, a novel actin-binding protein, is highly expressed in eel gill pillar cells and responds to wall tension.

Supporting evidence for the contractile nature of fish branchial pillar cells was provided by demonstrating the presence of actin fibers and a novel four-and-a-half LIM (FHL) protein in which expression is specific for contractile tissues and sensitive to the tension applied to the pillar cell. When eel gill sections were stained with rhodamine-phalloidin, a selective fluorescent probe for fibrous actin, a strong bundle-like staining was observed around collagen columns in pillar cells, suggesting the presence of abundant actin fibers. A cDNA clone encoding a novel member of the actin-binding FHL family, FHL5, was isolated from a subtracted cDNA library of eel gill.