Update of Mitochondrial Network Analysis by Imaging: Proof of Technique in Schizophrenia.

Mitochondria, similar to living cells and organelles, have a negative membrane potential, which ranges between (-108) and (150) mV as compared to (-70) and (-90) mV of the plasma membrane. Therefore, permeable lipophilic cations tend to accumulate in the mitochondria. Those cations which exhibit fluorescence activity after accumulation into energized systems are widely used to decipher changes in membrane potential by imaging techniques.

Endocrine and exocrine pancreas pathologies crosstalk: Insulin regulates the unfolded protein response in pancreatic exocrine acinar cells.

Exocrine pancreas insufficiency is common in diabetic mellitus (DM) patients. Cellular stress is a prerequisite in the development of pancreatic pathologies such as acute pancreatitis (AP). The molecular mechanisms underlying exocrine pancreatic ER-stress in DM are largely unknown.

Maternal and neonatal irisin precursor gene FNDC5 polymorphism is associated with preterm birth.

Irisin is a novel secreted myokine, encoded by the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) precursor gene. Irisin plays a role in the female reproductive system in pregnancy and in embryonic development, and is associated with fetal size. It is expressed in the ovary, placenta and neonatal cord serum.

Pancreatic stellate cell activation is regulated by fatty acids and ER stress.

Introduction: Pancreatic pathologies are characterized by a progressive fibrosis process. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) play a crucial role in pancreatic fibrogenesis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress emerges as an important determinant of fibrotic remodeling.