Lung-Protective Ventilation for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Despite the recommendation for lung-protective mechanical ventilation (LPMV) in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), there is a lack of robust supporting data and variable adherence in clinical practice. This study evaluates the impact of an LPMV protocol vs. standard care and adherence to LPMV elements on mortality.

Implementation and Assessment of a Hybrid Training Course on Point-of-Care Pediatric Ultrasound in Vietnam During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background As point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has gained popularity, some educational guidelines have been developed. However, in Vietnam, no training course in pediatric POCUS has yet been developed. This was challenging, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Fatal Pediatric Melioidosis and the Role of Hyperferritinemic Sepsis-Induced Multiple-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome.

Melioidosis is reported to cause a high fatality rate in children, even in the absence of risk factors for disease. The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of fatal pediatric melioidosis infection. We performed a retrospective analysis of children aged < 15 years with culture-confirmed melioidosis admitted to Bintulu Hospital in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, from January 2011 to December 2020.

Challenges of implementing the Paediatric Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines 2020 in resource-limited settings: A real-world view beyond the academia.

The Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Septic Shock and Sepsis-associated Organ Dysfunction in Children was released in 2020 and is intended for use in all global settings that care for children with sepsis. However, practitioners managing children with sep sis in resource-limited settings (RLS) face several challenges and disease patterns not experienced by those in resource-rich settings. Based upon our collective experience from RLS, we aimed to reflect on the difficulties of implementing the international guidelines.

Point-of-Care Ultrasound Identification of Portal Vein Thrombosis in a Pediatric Patient.

Abdominal pain is one of the most common presenting complaints encountered in the pediatric emergency department. The use of point-of-care ultrasonography by emergency physicians has been shown to expedite the diagnosis of a large variety of conditions and can be used to accurately identify intra-abdominal pathology in children. We describe the case of a pediatric patient who presented to the pediatric emergency department with acute abdominal pain, in whom point-of-care ultrasonography helped expedite the diagnosis of acute portal vein thrombosis and liver abscess.

Utilization of Point-of-Care Ultrasound to Detect Splenic Microabscesses in Pediatric Melioidosis.

Melioidosis is an infectious disease most commonly found in places with tropical climates. Definitive diagnosis can be confirmed by culture or pathological results of blood or infected organ. However, imaging study is helpful in providing early provisional diagnosis and guiding therapy.

Unilateral pulmonary vein atresia presenting with recurrent haemoptysis in a child: a case report.

Background: Haemoptysis is an uncommon presenting symptom in children and is usually caused by acute lower respiratory tract infection or foreign body aspiration. We report a rare case of right unilateral pulmonary vein atresia (PVA) as the underlying aetiology of recurrent haemoptysis in a child.

Case Presentation: A 4 years old girl presented with history of recurrent haemoptysis.

The impact of high frequency oscillatory ventilation on mortality in paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) use was associated with greater mortality in adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Nevertheless, HFOV is still frequently used as rescue therapy in paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). In view of the limited evidence for HFOV in PARDS and evidence demonstrating harm in adult patients with ARDS, we hypothesized that HFOV use compared to other modes of mechanical ventilation is associated with increased mortality in PARDS.

Seeing Is Believing: Ultrasound in Pediatric Procedural Performance.

Point-of-care ultrasound is currently widely used across the landscape of pediatric care. Ultrasound machines are now smaller, are easier to use, and have much improved image quality. They have become common in emergency departments, ICUs, inpatient wards, and outpatient clinics.

Non-Invasive Ventilation in Children with Paediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Introduction: Evidence supporting non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) remains sparse. We aimed to describe characteristics of patients with PARDS supported with NIV and risk factors for NIV failure.

Materials And Methods: This is a multicentre retrospective study.

Risk Stratification in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Objectives: The Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference developed a pediatric specific definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). In this definition, severity of lung disease is stratified into mild, moderate, and severe groups. We aim to describe the epidemiology of patients with PARDS across Asia and evaluate whether the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference risk stratification accurately predicts outcome in PARDS.

Optimal nutrition therapy in paediatric critical care in the Asia-Pacific and Middle East: a consensus.

Background And Objectives: Current practices and available resources for nutrition therapy in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in the Asia Pacific-Middle East region are expected to differ from western countries. Existing guidelines for nutrition management in critically ill children may not be directly applicable in this region. This paper outlines consensus statements developed by the Asia Pacific-Middle East Consensus Working Group on Nutrition Therapy in the Paediatric Critical Care Environment.