Elementary School Teachers' and Counselors' Decisions on Referring Students for Evaluation: The Impact of ADHD Traits, Achievement, and Giftedness.

The present study examined the effect of ADHD-related traits, academic-achievement level, and giftedness label on elementary school teachers' and counselors' referral recommendations for assessment. 532 teachers and counselors were presented with one of 12 vignettes describing a hypothetical pupil. Participants were asked to report the likelihood they would refer the pupil for ADHD diagnosis and address them during a high-level interdisciplinary school-team meeting (HISTM).

Increased intra-individual variability among individuals with ADHD: first evidence from numerosity judgment and verbal and quantitative reasoning.

Background: This article presents the results of two studies investigating increased intra-individual variability (IIV) in the performance of individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in two cognitive domains: numerosity judgments and quantitative and verbal reasoning.

Methods: Study 1, a pre-registered experiment, involved approximately 200 participants (42.66% female; mean age: 36.

Poor learning or hyper-exploration?: A commentary on Hulsbosch et al. (2023).

In an outstanding paper, Hulsbosch et al. (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2023) tested major reinforcement learning theories of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). On a reinforcement learning task, children with ADHD needed more trials to reach the criterion in the learning phase and chose the target less often in the extinction phase.

Features of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and antisocial behaviour in a general population-based sample of adults.

Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is known to be a risk factor for antisocial and delinquent behaviour, but there is still a lack of information on how features of ADHD relate to offending behaviour among adults not already defined by their offending.

Aims: Our aim was to add to knowledge about relationships between ADHD and antisocial behaviour among adults in the general population by answering the following questions: (A) Does the level of self-reported ADHD features relate to criminal and non-criminal antisocial behaviour? (B) To what extent are self-ratings of ADHD features independent of socio-demographic features previously identified as predictors of antisocial behaviour?

Methods: A sample of adults was originally recruited to study public response to the COVID-19 outbreak through an online panel to be representative of the Israeli population. Among other scales, the 2025 participants completed an ADHD self-report scale, an antisocial behaviour self-report scale and a socio-demographic questionnaire probing for age, gender, urbanity, place of birth, socioeconomic status (education and income), family status (being in a relationship and having children) and religiosity.

Risk-Taking Behaviors in Children with ADHD Compared to Children with Primary Headaches.

The study examined the engagement in risk-taking behaviors and their onset in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with children with primary headaches. Whether ADHD is associated with higher engagement in risk-taking behavior compared with other neurodevelopmental disorders (and not only typical development) has yet to be demonstrated. A sample of 189 children, 10 to 18 years old, undergoing neurological surveillance for ADHD ( = 144) or primary headaches ( = 45) participated in the study.

The Link between ADHD Symptoms and Antisocial Behavior: The Moderating Role of the Protective Factor Sense of Coherence.

Numerous studies have established the link between ADHD and antisocial behavior, one of the most serious functional impairments caused by the disorder. However, research on protective factors that mitigate this link is still lacking. The Salutogenic Model of Health offers the “Sense of Coherence” (SOC), establishing that individuals who see their lives as logical, meaningful, and manageable are more resistant to various risk factors and diseases.

Symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Are Associated with Sub-Optimal and Inconsistent Temporal Decision Making.

The link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and steeper delay discounting has been established and incorporated into theories of ADHD. This study examines a novel interpretation according to which ADHD is linked to sub-optimal temporal decision-making and suggests inconsistency as a potential underlying mechanism. In two experiments, MTurk workers completed a self-report questionnaire on symptoms of ADHD and a temporal decision making task consisting of choices between smaller-immediate and larger-delayed options.

Decision-making and Risky Behavior in Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A 10-year Longitudinal Study.

We assessed 85 children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and 50 typically developing children (TD) (M = 11.59, 57.8% boys) with the Hungry Donkey Task (HDT) at baseline and 2-year follow-up, and the Iowa Gambling Task at 10-year follow-up (75% retention).

Food Perceptions in Adults with and without ADHD.

Introduction: Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have unhealthy eating habits, associated with overweight/obesity. We explored whether they present with different food-related benefit/risk perceptions, compared to those without ADHD.

Methods: One hundred five university students with (n = 36) and without (n = 69) ADHD, aged 22-30, participated in the study.

Peer feedback decreases impulsive choice in adolescents with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Background: Impulsivity is a core feature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous work using the delay discounting task to assess impulsivity reveals that adolescents with ADHD tend to prefer a smaller-immediate reward over a larger-delayed reward, and this relates to problematic choices in daily life. To gain a better understanding of daily decision-making in adolescence, it is important to examine the social context, as peers have a major influence on decisions.

Symptoms of ADHD Predict Lower Adaptation to the COVID-19 Outbreak: Financial Decline, Low Adherence to Preventive Measures, Psychological Distress, and Illness-Related Negative Perceptions.

Objective: The COVID-19 outbreak created numerous multidimensional stressors, to which people show different levels of vulnerability. The current paper examines whether symptoms of ADHD are associated with poorer adaptation.

Method: After the first quarantine in Israel, 2,055 adults participated in an online survey.

Background and concurrent factors predicting non-adherence to public health preventive measures during the chronic phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: To determine factors that predict non-adherence to preventive measures for COVID-19 during the chronic phase of the pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional, general population survey was conducted in Israel. Sociodemographic, health-related, behavioral and COVID-19-related characteristics were collected.

Religiosity as a moderator of ADHD-related antisocial behaviour and emotional distress among secular, religious and Ultra-Orthodox Jews in Israel.

Background: ADHD predicts higher levels of antisocial behaviour and distress while religiosity is related to lower levels of both. This raises the hitherto unexplored question of how these variables interact.

Aims: The objective of this study was to explore how religious individuals with ADHD fare in terms of these psychosocial outcomes.

Intertwined associations among attachment styles, emotional dysregulation, and ADHD: examining unique associations with general risk-taking behavior.

Attachment insecurity, emotional dysregulation, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have all been implicated across the literature with various forms of negative life outcomes and increased risk-taking behavior (RTB). Furthermore, abundant research has demonstrated that the three seem to go together. Given these intercorrelations, it is unclear if any of them possess exclusive links with RTB independent of the others across multiple life domains.

The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder.

Background: Misconceptions about ADHD stigmatize affected people, reduce credibility of providers, and prevent/delay treatment. To challenge misconceptions, we curated findings with strong evidence base.

Methods: We reviewed studies with more than 2000 participants or meta-analyses from five or more studies or 2000 or more participants.

Long-term weight control in adults with Prader-Willi syndrome living in residential hostels.

Hyperphagia leading to severe obesity with increased morbidity and mortality is the major manifestation of Prader-Willi syndrome. Caring for these individuals in a home environment is challenging and stressful for caregivers and families. Residential hostels specifically for PWS adults offer programs of diet, exercise, and vocational opportunities, but long-term effects of PWS hostel living have not been reported.

The impact of intrinsic and extrinsic features on delay discounting.

Delay discounting refers to the tendency of people to evaluate immediate rewards as being more valuable than those that are distant in time. Several models explain this phenomenon by a set of intrinsic and extrinsic features. Intrinsic features are related to the inherent traits and neurological conditions of the individual, whereas extrinsic features are related to the characteristics of the reward.

What Drives Risky Behavior in ADHD: Insensitivity to its Risk or Fascination with its Potential Benefits?

Objective: ADHD is linked to increased engagement in risky behavior (ERB). Recent work suggests that this link is mediated by the perceived benefits of the behaviors, but not by the perceived risks or the attitudes toward the risks. Here we examine this hypothesis, using the psychological risk-return and psychometric multidimensional measurement models.

The influence of attractiveness and convenience cues on food appeal in adults with and without ADHD.

Objective: Previous research on adults with ADHD revealed high rates of overweight and obesity, as well as unhealthy diet habits. Other studies demonstrated that social-affective contexts can influence food choice. This study examines the sensitivity of adults with ADHD to cues of food attractiveness and convenience, for healthy and unhealthy foods.

Advertising Influences Food Choices of University Students With ADHD.

Previous research in adults with ADHD showed high rates of obesity and unhealthy food choices. There is evidence that contextual cues, for example, advertisements, influence food choices. This study assessed the sensitivity of university students with ADHD to advertised food.

Corrigendum: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Increased Engagement in Sexual Risk-Taking Behavior: The Role of Benefit Perception.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.

ADHD Is Associated With a Widespread Pattern of Risky Behavior Across Activity Domains.

ADHD has been linked to higher engagement in risky behaviors in circumscribed domains such as dangerous driving, substance abuse, and gambling. This study tests whether ADHD is associated with a pervasive tendency to engage in risky behavior across a spectrum of activities and domains, and whether this tendency is driven by comorbid disorders. A sample of 97 adults with ADHD and 103 typically developing controls completed a self-report questionnaire measuring the likelihood and frequency of engaging in a broad range of risky behaviors.

The complexity of the interaction between binge-eating and attention.

Objective: To investigate whether binge-eating in patients with eating disorders (EDs) is associated with attentional deficits.

Methods: We studied ED patients with binge-eating (n = 51), no binge-eating (n = 59) and controls (n = 58). ED patients were assessed following the stabilization of weight and ED pathology.

Risk-Taking Behavior in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a Review of Potential Underlying Mechanisms and of Interventions.

Purpose Of Review: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with several forms of risk-taking behavior (RTB). This paper aims to examine the scope of ADHD-related RTB, to highlight potential underlying mechanisms of this association, and to review initial evidence for interventions aimed to treat ADHD-related RTB.

Recent Findings: Multiple lines of evidence indicate that ADHD is associated with real-life RTB across several domains (e.