[Carbon Emission Analysis and Carbon Reduction Strategy of Small and Medium-scale Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in Cities and Towns].

The carbon emissions of three typical processes （AAO, MSBR, and oxidation ditch） were systematically analyzed from the perspective of the whole wastewater treatment process based on the annual data of eleven urban small and medium-scale WWTPs in the year 2022, and the effects of different influent characteristics （TP, TN, BOD, COD, influent volume, and COD/TN） on the carbon emissions were studied by using the partial least squares structural equation modeling （PLS-SEM） method. The results showed that indirect carbon emissions dominated the total carbon emissions of small and medium-scale WWTPs （69.5%）, and carbon emissions from electricity consumption were the largest source （43.

Dynamic Responses of Rhizosphere Microorganisms to Biogas Slurry Combined with Chemical Fertilizer Application during the Whole Life Cycle of Rice Growth.

Biogas slurry combined with chemical fertilizer (BCF) is widely used as a fertilizer in paddy fields and rhizosphere microorganisms are key players in plant growth and reproduction. However, the dynamic responses of rhizosphere microorganisms of field-grown rice to BCF application still remain largely unknown. In this study, a field experiment was conducted in two proximate paddy fields in Chongming Island to study the impacts of BCF on the changes in rhizosphere microorganisms during the whole rice growth, including seedling, tillering, booting, and grain-filling stages, with solely chemical fertilizer (CF) treatment as control.