Insight into structural biophysics from solution X-ray scattering.

The current challenges of structural biophysics include determining the structure of large self-assembled complexes, resolving the structure of ensembles of complex structures and their mass fraction, and unraveling the dynamic pathways and mechanisms leading to the formation of complex structures from their subunits. Modern synchrotron solution X-ray scattering data enable simultaneous high-spatial and high-temporal structural data required to address the current challenges of structural biophysics. These data are complementary to crystallography, NMR, and cryo-TEM data.

Enhancement of Structural, Electrochemical, and Thermal Properties of High-Energy Density Ni-Rich LiNiCoMnO Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries by Niobium Doping.

Ni-rich layered oxide LiNiCoMnO (1 - - > 0.5) materials are favorable cathode materials in advanced Li-ion batteries for electromobility applications because of their high initial discharge capacity. However, they suffer from poor cycling stability because of the formation of cracks in their particles during operation.

Effect of Weakly Interacting Cosolutes on Lysozyme Conformations.

Exposure of a protein to cosolutes, like denaturants, changes its folding equilibrium. To determine the ensemble of protein conformations at equilibrium, in the presence of weakly interacting cosolutes, we present a two-stage analysis of solution X-ray scattering data. In the first stage, Guinier analysis and Kratky plot revealed information about the compactness and flexibility of the protein.

: software for high-resolution hierarchical modeling of solution X-ray scattering from complex structures.

This paper presents the computer program (https://scholars.huji.ac.

High-spatial-resolution mapping of catalytic reactions on single particles.

The critical role in surface reactions and heterogeneous catalysis of metal atoms with low coordination numbers, such as found at atomic steps and surface defects, is firmly established. But despite the growing availability of tools that enable detailed in situ characterization, so far it has not been possible to document this role directly. Surface properties can be mapped with high spatial resolution, and catalytic conversion can be tracked with a clear chemical signature; however, the combination of the two, which would enable high-spatial-resolution detection of reactions on catalytic surfaces, has rarely been achieved.