Bacteria-powered self-healing concrete: Breakthroughs, challenges, and future prospects.

Unlabelled: In a world where concrete structures face constant degradation from environmental forces, a revolutionary solution has emerged: bio-self-healing concrete. This innovation involves embedding dormant bacteria within the concrete mix, poised to spring into action when cracks form. As moisture seeps into the cracks, these bacterial agents are activated, consuming nutrients and converting them into calcium carbonate, a natural substance that fills and repairs the fractures, restoring the material's integrity.

Exploring the potential of biosurfactants produced by fungi found in soil contaminated with petrochemical wastes.

Biosurfactants are a diverse group of compounds derived from microorganisms, possessing various structures and applications. The current study was seeking to isolate and identify a new biosurfactant-producing fungus from soil contaminated with petrochemical waste. The bioprocess conditions were optimized to maximize biosurfactant production for Aspergillus carneus OQ152507 using a glucose peptone culture medium with a pH of 7.

Optimization, purification and characterization of laccase from a new endophytic Trichoderma harzianum AUMC14897 isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica and its applications in dye decolorization and wastewater treatment.

Background: Hazardous synthetic dye wastes have become a growing threat to the environment and public health. Fungal enzymes are eco-friendly, compatible and cost-effective approach for diversity of applications. Therefore, this study aimed to screen, optimize fermentation conditions, and characterize laccase from fungal endophyte with elucidating its ability to decolorize several wastewater dyes.

A review of the fungal polysaccharides as natural biopolymers: Current applications and future perspective.

As a unique natural resource, fungi are a sustainable source of lipids, polysaccharides, vitamins, proteins, and other nutrients. As a result, they have beneficial medicinal and nutritional properties. Polysaccharides are among the most significant bioactive components found in fungi.

Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Recent Advances in Their Removal: A Review.

Natural and anthropogenic sources of metals in the ecosystem are perpetually increasing; consequently, heavy metal (HM) accumulation has become a major environmental concern. Human exposure to HMs has increased dramatically due to the industrial activities of the 20th century. Mercury, arsenic lead, chrome, and cadmium have been the most prevalent HMs that have caused human toxicity.

Exploring the biomedical potential of a novel modified glass ionomer cement against the pandrug-resistant oral pathogen SYN-01.

Dental caries is an infectious disease that is a major concern for dentists. and were long thought to be the primary etiology responsible for caries. with acidogenic and aciduric characteristics has recently been implicated in the onset and progression of cariogenic lesions.

Can wood-feeding termites solve the environmental bottleneck caused by plastics? A critical state-of-the-art review.

The abundance of synthetic polymers has become an ever-increasing environmental threat in the world. The excessive utilization of plastics leads to the accumulation of such recalcitrant pollutants in the environment. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) kits, face masks, and gloves made up of single-use items has resulted in the massive generation of plastic biomedical waste.

Could termites be hiding a goldmine of obscure yet promising yeasts for energy crisis solutions based on aromatic wastes? A critical state-of-the-art review.

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that can be produced from a range of organic and renewable feedstock including fresh or vegetable oils, animal fats, and oilseed plants. In recent years, the lignin-based aromatic wastes, such as various aromatic waste polymers from agriculture, or organic dye wastewater from textile industry, have attracted much attention in academia, which can be uniquely selected as a potential renewable feedstock for biodiesel product converted by yeast cell factory technology. This current investigation indicated that the highest percentage of lipid accumulation can be achieved as high as 47.

The Importance of Nitric Oxide as the Molecular Basis of the Hydrogen Gas Fumigation-Induced Alleviation of Cd Stress on .

Whether or not hydrogen gas (H) can reduce cadmium (Cd) toxicity in has remained largely unknown. Here, we report that Cd-induced growth inhibition in was significantly alleviated by H fumigation or hydrogen-rich water (HRW), evaluated by lower oxidative damage and Cd accumulation. Moreover, the amelioration effects of H fumigation were better than of HRW in an optimum concentration of H under our experimental conditions.

A critical review on the treatment of dye-containing wastewater: Ecotoxicological and health concerns of textile dyes and possible remediation approaches for environmental safety.

The synthetic dyes used in the textile industry pollute a large amount of water. Textile dyes do not bind tightly to the fabric and are discharged as effluent into the aquatic environment. As a result, the continuous discharge of wastewater from a large number of textile industries without prior treatment has significant negative consequences on the environment and human health.

Exploring new marine bacterial species, Alcaligenes faecalis Alca F2018 valued for bioconversion of shrimp chitin to chitosan for concomitant biotechnological applications.

The exploitation of chitinous materials seems to be an infinite treasure. To this end, using shellfish waste as the sole carbon/nitrogen source solves environmental challenges while lowering microbial chitinase production costs. Bioconversion of shellfish chitin wastes such as shrimp shells has recently been investigated for the production of enzymes and bioactive materials in order to maximize the utilization of chitin-containing seafood processing wastes.

Recent Advancements in Microbial Polysaccharides: Synthesis and Applications.

Polysaccharide materials are widely applied in different applications including food, food packaging, drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound dressing, wastewater treatment, and bioremediation sectors. They were used in these domains due to their efficient, cost-effective, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. As is known, polysaccharides can be synthesized by different simple, facile, and effective methods.

Nanobiotechnological advancements in agriculture and food industry: Applications, nanotoxicity, and future perspectives.

The high demand for sufficient and safe food, and continuous damage of environment by conventional agriculture are major challenges facing the globe. The necessity of smart alternatives and more sustainable practices in food production is crucial to confront the steady increase in human population and careless depletion of global resources. Nanotechnology implementation in agriculture offers smart delivery systems of nutrients, pesticides, and genetic materials for enhanced soil fertility and protection, along with improved traits for better stress tolerance.

Plastic wastes biodegradation: Mechanisms, challenges and future prospects.

The growing accumulation of plastic wastes is one of the main environmental challenges currently faced by modern societies. These wastes are considered a serious global problem because of their effects on all forms of life. There is thus an urgent need to demonstrate effective eco-environmental techniques to overcome the hazardous environmental impacts of traditional disposal paths.

Biocidal Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Bis-Quaternary Onium Salts of Poly(aspartate--succinimide).

Microbial multidrug resistance presents a real problem to human health. Therefore, water-soluble polymers based on poly(aspartate--succinimide) were synthesized via reaction of poly(aspartate--succinimide) with bis-quaternary ammonium or quaternary salts. The resultant copolymers were characterized by various techniques such as FTIR, TGA, HNMR, CNMR and elemental microanalysis.

Enzymes immobilization onto magnetic nanoparticles to improve industrial and environmental applications.

Enzymes as specific natural biocatalysts are present in all living organisms and they play a key role in the biochemical reactions inside, as outside the cell. Despite the wide range of environmental, medical, agricultural, and food applications, the high cost, non-reusability, and limited stability of soluble (non-immobilized) enzymes are considered barriers to their commercial application. Immobilization techniques are an effective strategy for solving problems associated with free enzymes in terms of improving the efficiency and stability of catalytic enzymes, as well as enhancing their separation and reusability in continuous industrial applications.

A Protective Mechanism in Lungs of Rats Experimentally Infected with Aspergillus fumigatus.

Aspergillus fumigatus is associated with invasive disease aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. The major aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical and immunological responses of male Wistar rats against A. fumigatus experimentally-induced pulmonary fungal infection.

Flavone Biotransformation by Aspergillus niger and the Characterization of Two Newly Formed Metabolites.

Aspergillus niger isolated from Allium sativum was used at large scale fermentation (150 mg flavone/200 ml medium) to obtain suitable amounts of the products, efficient for identification. Then spectral analysis (UV, IR, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR) and mass spectrometry were performed for the two products, which contributed to the identification process. The metabolite (1) was identified as 2'-hydroxydihydrochalcone, and the metabolite (2) was identified as 2'-hydroxyphenylmethylketone, which were more active than flavone itself.

Response of the Higher Basidiomycetic Ganoderma resinaceum to Sodium Chloride Stress.

Ganoderma resinaceum tolerated sodium chloride salt stress within a range of 0 mM till 300 mM. It responded to salt stress with fluctuation in proline formation at different NaCl concentrations. However,the mycelial dry weight,total protein contents and exopolysaccharides did not changed considerably.

In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of cetrimide (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) against fungal keratitis caused by Fusarium solani.

Mycotic keratitis is a devastating eye infection acquired after eye injury. Cetrimide at 15 and 20 mg ml(-1) produced no surviving Fusarium solani growth with minimal inhibitory concentration value of 0.10 mg ml(-1).

Variation in Sensitivity Among Some Isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina Isolated from Cotton Roots to Flutolanil Fungicide.

Toxicity of the fungicide Flutolanil was in vitro tested against 20 isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina and cotton seedlings of ten commercial cotton cultivars. The isolates were recovered from roots of cotton plants obtained from different cotton-growing areas in Egypt. Most of the tested isolates were sensitive to Flutolanil; however, they varied in sensitivity.

Anti-Candida and mode of action of two newly synthesized polymers: a modified poly (methylmethacrylate-co-vinylbenzoylchloride) and a modified linear poly (chloroethylvinylether-co-vinylbenzoylchloride) with special reference to Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis.

Polymeric antimicrobial agents represent a new and important direction that is developing in the field of antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial activity of two newly synthesized polymers: a modified poly (methylmethacrylate-co-vinylbenzoylchloride) and a modified linear poly (chloroethylvinylether-co-vinylbenzoylchloride) have been investigated and found to be active. Both polymers have showed a broad antimicrobial activity against C.