Exploration of Alternative Splicing Events in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Although comparative genome-wide transcriptomic analysis has provided insight into the biology of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs), the distinct alternative splicing (AS) signatures of iMSCs remain elusive. Here, we performed Illumina RNA sequencing analysis to characterize AS events in iMSCs compared with tissue-derived MSCs. A total of 4586 differentially expressed genes (|FC| > 2) were identified between iMSCs and umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (UCB-MSCs), including 2169 upregulated and 2417 downregulated genes.

Regulation of adipogenic differentiation by LAR tyrosine phosphatase in human mesenchymal stem cells and 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells that can differentiate into a variety of mesodermal-lineage cells. MSCs have significant potential in tissue engineering and therapeutic applications; however, the low differentiation and proliferation efficiencies of these cells in the laboratory are fundamental obstacles to their therapeutic use, mainly owing to the lack of information on the detailed signal-transduction mechanisms of differentiation into distinct lineages. With the aid of protein-tyrosine-phosphatase profiling studies, we show that the expression of leukocyte common antigen related (LAR) tyrosine phosphatase is significantly decreased during the early adipogenic stages of MSCs.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present in cigarette smoke cause endothelial cell apoptosis by a phospholipase A2-dependent mechanism.

Smoking is a major risk factor for endothelial cell injury and subsequent coronary artery disease. Epidemiological studies implicate the phospholipase A2/arachidonic acid cascade in the mechanism by which smoking causes heart disease. However, specific components of cigarette smoke that activate this pathway have not been identified.