Atypical Response Patterns in Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Navigating the Radiologic Potpourri.

Background: Atypical response patterns have been a topic of increasing relevance since the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), challenging the traditional RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) method of tumor response assessment. Newer immune-related response criteria can allow for the evolution of radiologic pseudoprogression, but still fail to capture the full range of atypical response patterns encountered in clinical reporting.

Methods: We did a detailed lesion-by-lesion analysis of the serial imaging of 46 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients treated with ICIs with the aim of capturing the full range of radiologic behaviour.

Cumulative iodinated contrast exposure for computed tomography during acute kidney injury and major adverse kidney events.

Objectives: To determine if contrast-enhanced CT imaging performed in patients during their episode of AKI contributes to major adverse kidney events (MAKE).

Methods: A propensity score-matched analysis of 1127 patients with AKI defined by KDIGO criteria was done. Their mean age was 63 ± 16 years with 56% males.

18F-FDG PET Brain in a Patient With Fatal Familial Insomnia.

A 57-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of cognitive impairment, daytime somnolence, and violent sleep behavior. Her first- and second-degree relatives had similar symptoms prior to their premature deaths. Her MRI scan of the brain showed no significant abnormality.

Pushing the limits of immune-related response: a case of "extreme pseudoprogression".

The advent of immune checkpoint targeted immunotherapy has seen a spectrum of immune-related phenomena in both tumor responses and toxicities. We describe a case of pseudoprogression that pushes the limits of immune-related response criteria and challenges the boundaries and definitions set by trial protocols. A middle-aged man with conventional clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) had received multiple prior systemic treatments including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as multiple surgeries and radiotherapy treatments.

Prospective comparison between magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in colorectal cancer staging.

Background: Diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging is a functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that detects lesions with high cellularity, such as malignant tumours. This prospective study was performed to compare the accuracy of DW-MRI with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in staging of colorectal cancer.

Methods: Thirty patients with histologically proven colorectal cancer were prospectively recruited.

Contrast-Enhanced CT Density Predicts Response to Sunitinib Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients.

The first-line therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), sunitinib, exhibits an objective response rate of approximately 30%. Therapeutic alternatives such as other tyrosine kinase inhibitors, VEGF inhibitors, or mTOR inhibitors emphasize the clinical need to predict the patient's response to sunitinib therapy before treatment initiation. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of pretreatment portal venous phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) mean tumor density on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and tumor growth in 63 sunitinib-treated mRCC patients.

Revised Choi imaging criteria correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with sunitinib.

Purpose: To compare revised Choi criteria that incorporate concurrent size and attenuation changes at early follow-up imaging with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors ( RECIST Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors ) 1.1 and original Choi criteria in stratification of clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma ( mRCC metastatic renal cell carcinoma ) treated with sunitinib.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approved this retrospective study and waived informed consent.