Thin-slice elbow MRI with deep learning reconstruction: Superior diagnostic performance of elbow ligament pathologies.

Purpose: With the slice thickness routinely used in elbow MRI, small or subtle lesions may be overlooked or misinterpreted as insignificant. To compare 1 mm slice thickness MRI (1 mm MRI) with deep learning reconstruction (DLR) to 3 mm slice thickness MRI (3 mm MRI) without/with DLR, and 1 mm MRI without DLR regarding image quality and diagnostic performance for elbow tendons and ligaments.

Methods: This retrospective study included 53 patients between February 2021 and January 2022, who underwent 3 T elbow MRI, including T2-weighted fat-saturated coronal 3 mm and 1 mm MRI without/with DLR.

Impact of deep learning-based reconstruction and anti-peristaltic agent on the image quality and diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance enterography comparing single breath-hold single-shot fast spin echo with and without anti-peristaltic agent.

Background: While anti-peristaltic agents are beneficial for high quality magnetic resonance enterography (MRE), their use is constrained by potential side effects and increased examination complexity. We explored the potential of deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) to compensate for the absence of anti-peristaltic agent, improve image quality and reduce artifact. This study aimed to evaluate the need for an anti-peristaltic agent in single breath-hold single-shot fast spin-echo (SSFSE) MRE and compare the image quality and artifacts between conventional reconstruction (CR) and DLR.

Impact of Deep-Learning Based Reconstruction on Single-Breath-Hold, Single-Shot Fast Spin-Echo in MR Enterography for Crohn's Disease.

Purpose: To assess the quality of four images obtained using single-breath-hold (SBH), single-shot fast spin-echo (SSFSE) and multiple-breath-hold (MBH) SSFSE with and without deep-learning based reconstruction (DLR) in patients with Crohn's disease.

Materials And Methods: This study included 61 patients who underwent MR enterography (MRE) for Crohn's disease. The following images were compared: SBH-SSFSE with (SBH-DLR) and without (SBH-conventional reconstruction [CR]) DLR and MBH-SSFSE with (MBH-DLR) and without (MBH-CR) DLR.

LAVA HyperSense and deep-learning reconstruction for near-isotropic (3D) enhanced magnetic resonance enterography in patients with Crohn's disease: utility in noise reduction and image quality improvement.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare near-isotropic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (CE-T1W) magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) images reconstructed with vendor-supplied deep-learning reconstruction (DLR) with those reconstructed conventionally in terms of image quality.

Methods: A total of 35 patients who underwent MRE for Crohn's disease between August 2021 and February 2022 were included in this retrospective study. The enteric phase CE-T1W MRE images of each patient were reconstructed with conventional reconstruction and no image filter (original), with conventional reconstruction and image filter (filtered), and with a prototype version of AIR Recon DL 3D (DLR), which were then reformatted into the axial plane to generate six image sets per patient.

The effect of hepatic steatosis on liver volume determined by proton density fat fraction and deep learning-measured liver volume.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect of hepatic steatosis (HS) on liver volume and to develop a formula to estimate lean liver volume correcting the HS effect.

Methods: This retrospective study included healthy adult liver donors who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and proton density fat fraction (PDFF) measurement from 2015 to 2019. The degree of HS was graded at 5% PDFF intervals from grade 0 (no HS; PDFF < 5.

Comparison of deep learning-based reconstruction of PROPELLER Shoulder MRI with conventional reconstruction.

Objective: To compare the image quality and agreement among conventional and accelerated periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER) MRI with both conventional reconstruction (CR) and deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) methods for evaluation of shoulder.

Materials And Methods: We included patients who underwent conventional (acquisition time, 8 min) and accelerated (acquisition time, 4 min and 24 s; 45% reduction) PROPELLER shoulder MRI using both CR and DLR methods between February 2021 and February 2022 on a 3 T MRI system. Quantitative evaluation was performed by calculating the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

Correlation Between Computed Tomography Findings and the Laboratory Test-Derived Severity Score in Patients With Severe Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis.

Objective: This study aimed to compare computed tomography (CT) findings between patients with severe and nonsevere acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH).

Methods: We included 96 patients diagnosed with AAH between January 2011 and October 2021 who underwent 4-phase liver CT and laboratory blood tests. Two radiologists reviewed the initial CT images with respect to distribution and grade of hepatic steatosis; transient parenchymal arterial enhancement (TPAE); and presence of cirrhosis, ascites, and hepatosplenomegaly.

Closed loop obstruction of small bowel: CT signs predicting successful non-surgical treatment.

Purpose: To clarify the computed tomography (CT) findings related to successful conservative treatments in patients with closed-loop small bowel obstruction (CL-SBO) without evidence of bowel strangulation.

Methods: Sixty-four patients (71 CT scans) diagnosed with CL-SBO by CT and received initial conservative treatments from May 2010 to August 2020 were retrospectively included. Two blinded radiologists reviewed the CT findings, including the transition zone (number, distance, and location), maximum bowel diameter, mesenteric haziness, mesenteric fluid, increased unenhanced bowel wall attenuation, decreased bowel wall enhancement, small bowel feces sign, whirl sign, bowel wall thickening, ascites, and degree of obstruction.

Image Quality and Diagnostic Performance of Accelerated Shoulder MRI With Deep Learning-Based Reconstruction.

Shoulder MRI using standard multiplanar sequences requires long scan times. Accelerated sequences have tradeoffs in noise and resolution. Deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) may allow reduced scan time with preserved image quality.

Association between Texture Analysis Parameters and Molecular Biologic KRAS Mutation in Non-Mucinous Rectal Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based texture parameters and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutation in patients with non-mucinous rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-nine patients who had pathologically confirmed rectal non-mucinous adenocarcinoma with or without KRAS-mutation and had undergone rectal MRI were divided into a training ( = 46) and validation dataset ( = 33). A texture analysis was performed on the axial T2-weighted images.

Non-strangulated adhesive small bowel obstruction: CT findings predicting outcome of conservative treatment.

Objectives: To clarify CT findings that predict outcome of conservative treatment in patients with non-strangulated adhesive small bowel obstruction (SBO).

Methods: Unenhanced and contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic CT studies in 189 patients with adhesive SBO who had initial conservative treatment were reviewed. The CT findings included transition zone, beak signs, maximum bowel diameter, bowel diameter ratio, decreased bowel wall enhancement, increased unenhanced bowel wall attenuation, anterior parietal adhesion, bowel wall thickening, closed-loop obstruction, small bowel feces sign, whirl sign, mesenteric haziness, mesenteric, peritoneal fluid, and submucosal edema.

Comparison of diagnostic performance between diffusion kurtosis imaging parameters and mono-exponential ADC for determination of clinically significant cancer in patients with prostate cancer.

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance between diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) parameters and mono-exponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for determination of clinically significant cancer (CSC, Gleason score (GS) ≥ 7) in patients with histologically proven prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: A total of 92 patients (mean age: 71.5 years, range: 47-89 years) who had been diagnosed as PCa and undergone 3 T-MRI including DWI (b values, 0, 100, 1000, 2000s/mm) were included in this study.

Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Strain Elastography and Shear Wave Elastography for the Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic performance between strain elastography and shear wave elastography (SWE) for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Methods: Between July 2018 and June 2019, 66 consecutive patients with 95 imaged wrists underwent wrist ultrasound, including grayscale ultrasound, strain elastography, and SWE, because of the suspicion of CTS. During wrist ultrasound, the cross-sectional area (CSA), strain ratio, elasticity, and shear wave velocity of each median nerve were measured at the proximal carpal bone level (scaphoid to pisiform).

Deep Learning Algorithm for Automated Segmentation and Volume Measurement of the Liver and Spleen Using Portal Venous Phase Computed Tomography Images.

Objective: Measurement of the liver and spleen volumes has clinical implications. Although computed tomography (CT) volumetry is considered to be the most reliable noninvasive method for liver and spleen volume measurement, it has limited application in clinical practice due to its time-consuming segmentation process. We aimed to develop and validate a deep learning algorithm (DLA) for fully automated liver and spleen segmentation using portal venous phase CT images in various liver conditions.

Relationship Between Breast Ultrasound Background Echotexture and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Background Parenchymal Enhancement and the Effect of Hormonal Status Thereon.

We studied the relationship between breast ultrasound background echotexture (BET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and whether this relationship varied with hormonal status and amount of fibroglandular tissue (FGT) on MRI. Two hundred eighty-three Korean women (52.1 years; range = 27-79 years) with newly diagnosed primary breast cancer who underwent preoperative breast ultrasound and MRI were retrospectively studied.

Assessment of liver fibrosis severity using computed tomography-based liver and spleen volumetric indices in patients with chronic liver disease.

Objectives: To evaluate whether the liver and spleen volumetric indices, measured on portal venous phase CT images, could be used to assess liver fibrosis severity in chronic liver disease.

Methods: From 2007 to 2017, 558 patients (mean age 48.7 ± 13.

Ultrasound Features and Rate of Upgrade to Malignancy in Atypical Apocrine Lesions of the Breast.

Objectives: To evaluate the ultrasound (US) features and rate of upgrade to malignancy in atypical apocrine lesions (AALs) of the breast, diagnosed on percutaneous needle biopsy.

Methods: This retrospective study included 17 AALs diagnosed by needle biopsy in 15 patients. For 16 of the 17 AALs, subsequent surgical excision (n = 14) or 8-gauge vacuum-assisted biopsy (n = 2) was performed.

Reduction En-masse of Inguinal Hernia with Incarcerated Bowel: Report of a Rare Case.

BACKGROUND Reduction en-masse of an inguinal hernia is a very uncommon condition in which a hernia sac migrates into the preperitoneal space containing an incarcerated bowel loop. CASE REPORT A 76-year-old male patient with a 4-year history of reducible left inguinal hernia complained of abdominal pain for 2 h before admission. Contrast-enhanced computed tomographic (CT) images revealed a small bowel obstruction with dilatation from the distal jejunum to the proximal ileum and a closed-loop obstruction showing a 6.

Intraobserver and interobserver reliability in sonographic size measurements of gallbladder polyps.

Objectives: To evaluate the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of gallbladder polyp measurements using transabdominal US and the factors that affect reliability.

Methods: From November 2017 to February 2018, two radiologists measured the maximum diameter of 91 gallbladder polyps using transabdominal US. Intraobserver and interobserver agreement were determined using 95% Bland-Altman limits of agreement and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).

Initial clinical experience of synthetic MRI as a routine neuroimaging protocol in daily practice: A single-center study.

Background And Purpose: We investigated the clinical feasibility of synthetic MRI with a 4-min single scan using a 48-channel head coil as a routine neuroimaging protocol in daily practice by assessing its diagnostic image quality.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the imaging data of 89 patients who underwent routine brain MRI using synthetic MRI acquisition between February 2017 and April 2017. Image quality assessments were performed by two independent readers on synthetic T1 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), T2-weighted, T2 FLAIR, and phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequences acquired using multiple-dynamic multiple-echo imaging.

Development and Validation of a Deep Learning System for Staging Liver Fibrosis by Using Contrast Agent-enhanced CT Images in the Liver.

Purpose To develop and validate a deep learning system (DLS) for staging liver fibrosis by using CT images in the liver. Materials and Methods DLS for CT-based staging of liver fibrosis was created by using a development data set that included portal venous phase CT images in 7461 patients with pathologically confirmed liver fibrosis. The diagnostic performance of the DLS was evaluated in separate test data sets for 891 patients.

Comparison of T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging for evaluating perianal fistulas.

Purpose: To compare the lesion conspicuity and diagnostic performance of three imaging data sets (T2WI, combined T2WI and DWI [combined DWI], contrast-enhanced (CE)-T1WI) in assessing perianal fistulas.

Methods: Two radiologists with 7 and 15years of experience assessed 28 fistulas from 24 patients in each image set.

Results: The lesion conspicuity was improved for only one reader after reading the combined DWI (P=0.