Total gastrectomy patients had a lower diet volume and greater diet frequency than distal gastrectomy patients after 6 months.

There are no reports comparing diet recovery between patients who underwent distal gastrectomy (DG) and those who underwent total gastrectomy (TG). The aim of the present study was to compare dietary habits and nutritional status after curative treatment with DG and TG in patients with gastric cancer. We retrospectively collected clinical data from 263 consecutive patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer without recurrence at a single-center between January 2016 and December 2022.

Immunogenicity and Antibody Persistence of the Inactivated Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine in Pediatric Patients Post-Chemotherapy or Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Versus Healthy Controls.

Pediatric patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or chemotherapy are at increased risk for severe influenza complications, necessitating annual vaccination. This study evaluated the immunogenicity and antibody persistence of the 2021-2022 seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine in pediatric patients post-HSCT or chemotherapy, compared to healthy controls. A prospective cohort study included 80 pediatric participants divided into three groups: chemotherapy ( = 33), HSCT ( = 27), and healthy controls ( = 20).

M13 bacteriophage-based high-sensitivity Fabry-Pérot etalon for detecting humidity and volatile organic compounds.

Various sensor applications have been developed for protection against hazardous environments, and research on functional materials to enhance performance has also been pursued. The M13 bacteriophage (M13) has found utility in sensor applications like disease diagnosis and detection of harmful substances due to its potential for controlling interaction with target substances through adjustments in electrochemical and mechanical properties via genetic engineering technology. However, while optimizing reactivity or binding affinity between M13 and target materials is crucial for sensor performance enhancement, precise dynamic measurement methods for this were lacking.

L-DOPA Promotes Functional Proliferation Through GPR143, Specific L-DOPA Receptor of Astrocytes.

l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (levodopa and L-DOPA in this text), alongside dopamine, boasts high biocompatibility, prompting industrial demand for its use as a coating material. Indeed, the effectiveness of L-DOPA is steadily rising as it serves as an oral therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative brain diseases, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the effects of L-DOPA on the growth and function of astrocytes, the main glial cells, and the most numerous glial cells in the brain, are unknown.

Three Days of Oral Azithromycin Versus Five Days of Oral Clarithromycin in the Treatment of Campylobacter Enterocolitis in Children: A Prospective Study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of azithromycin and clarithromycin in pediatric enterocolitis.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at a single center. Patients with confirmed enterocolitis were randomly assigned to receive either a 3-day course of azithromycin or a 5-day course of clarithromycin.

Heightened incidence of adverse events associated with a live attenuated varicella vaccine strain that lacks critical genetic polymorphisms in open reading frame 62.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the specific vaccine strain associated with herpes zoster (HZ) in children following a series of diagnosed cases and to explore whether differences in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among various vaccine strains are linked to an increased incidence of herpes zoster after vaccination.

Methods: From February 2021 to March 2024, children <12 years old suspected of vaccine-related varicella-like rash or HZ were included. Varicella zoster virus DNA isolated from the patients were sequenced to differentiate vaccine type versus wild-type.

NLRP3 Negative Regulation Mechanisms in the Resting State and Its Implications for Therapeutic Development.

The NACHT-, leucine-rich-repeat-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) is a critical intracellular sensor of the innate immune system that detects various pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns, leading to the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome and release of interleukin (IL) 1β and IL-18. However, the abnormal activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoinflammatory diseases such as cryopyrin-associated autoinflammatory syndromes (CAPS) and common diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and asthma. Recent studies have revealed that pyrin functions as an indirect sensor, similar to the plant guard system, and is regulated by binding to inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins.

Early Developmental Characteristics and Features of a Three-Dimensional Retinal Organoid Model of X-Linked Juvenile Retinoschisis.

X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS) is a hereditary retinal degeneration affecting young males caused by mutations in the retinoschisin () gene. We generated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from XLRS patients and established three-dimensional retinal organoids (ROs) for disease investigation. This disease model recapitulates the characteristics of XLRS, exhibiting defects in RS1 protein production and photoreceptor cell development.

Transcriptional regulation of Tfh dynamics and the formation of immunological synapses.

Inside germinal centers (GCs), antigen-specific B cells rely on precise interactions with immune cells and strategic localization between the dark and light zones to clonally expand, undergo affinity maturation, and differentiate into long-lived plasma cells or memory B cells. Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, the key gatekeepers of GC-dependent humoral immunity, exhibit remarkable dynamic positioning within secondary lymphoid tissues and rely on intercellular interactions with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) during their differentiation and execution of B-cell-facilitating functions within GCs. In this review, we briefly cover the transcriptional regulation of Tfh cell differentiation and function and explore the molecular mechanisms governing Tfh cell motility, their interactions with B cells within GCs, and the impact of their dynamic behavior on humoral responses.

Anti-inflammatory effect of Trichospira verticillata via suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in neutrophilic asthma.

Trichospira verticillata is an annual herb that belongs to the family Asteraceae. Trichospira verticillata extract (TVE) elicits anti-plasmodial activity; however, there has been no detailed report about its anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms. In addition, herbal plants exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Downregulation of otulin induces inflammasome activation in neutrophilic asthma.

Background: Neutrophilic asthma (NA) is a severe asthma phenotype associated with steroid resistance and IL-1β overproduction; however, the exact mechanism remains unclear. Moreover, the dysfunction of TNF-α signaling pathway, a regulator of IL-1β production, was associated with the deficiency of ovarian tumor protease deubiquitinase with linear linkage specificity (otulin) in autoimmune patients.

Objective: We hypothesized that otulin downregulation in macrophages (Mφ) could trigger Mφ activation via the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signaling pathway.

CRIF1 deficiency induces FOXP3 inflammatory non-suppressive regulatory T cells, thereby promoting antitumor immunity.

Recently identified human FOXP3CD45RA inflammatory non-suppressive (INS) cells produce proinflammatory cytokines, exhibit reduced suppressiveness, and promote antitumor immunity unlike conventional regulatory T cells (T). In spite of their implication in tumors, the mechanism for generation of FOXP3CD45RA INS cells in vivo is unclear. We showed that the FOXP3CD45RA cells in human tumors demonstrate attenuated expression of CRIF1, a vital mitochondrial regulator.

Development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells targeting A56 viral protein implanted by oncolytic virus.

To address the challenge of solid tumor targeting in CAR-T therapy, we utilized the A56 antigen, which is uniquely expressed on a diverse range of cancer cells following the systemic administration of an oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV). Immunohistochemical assays precisely confirmed exclusive localization of A56 to tumor tissues. studies demonstrated a distinct superiority of A56-dependent CAR-T cytotoxicity across multiple cancer cell lines.

Aiouea padiformis extract exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the ATPase activity of NLRP3.

Inflammation is implicated as a cause in many diseases. Most of the anti-inflammatory agents in use are synthetic and there is an unmet need for natural substance-derived anti-inflammatory agents with minimal side effects. Aiouea padiformis belongs to the Lauraceae family and is primarily found in tropical regions.