Prognostic Implications of Maintaining the Target Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Status Based on the 2015 American Thyroid Association Guidelines in Patients with Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma after Lobectomy: A 5-Year Landmark Analysis.

: The 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines recommend the maintenance of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels ≤2 mIU/L in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who underwent lobectomy; however, the evidence is insufficient. We investigated the association between maintaining the TSH status at ≤2 mIU/L and tumor recurrence in patients with low-risk PTC who underwent lobectomy through a 5-year landmark analysis. : Between 2010 and 2016, 662 patients with low-risk PTC were included.

Clinical impact of pancreatic invasion in T1-stage distal bile duct cancer and prognostic factors associated with long-term survival: A multicenter study.

Background/purpose: The eighth edition of the AJCC staging system introduced a shift in the staging of distal bile duct cancer (DBC), emphasizing the depth of invasion over adjacent organ invasion. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of pancreatic invasion in pT1-stage DBC and identify prognostic factors for long-term survival.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective analysis encompassed DBC patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2009 and 2019 in six Korean tertiary centers, specifically those with final pathology confirming AJCC eighth edition T1 stage and intrapancreatic bile duct tumor origin.

Synthesis of Isoamyl Fatty Acid Ester, a Flavor Compound, by Immobilized Cutinase.

Isoamyl fatty acid esters (IAFEs) are widely used as fruity flavor compounds in the food industry. In this study, various IAFEs were synthesized from isoamyl alcohol and various fatty acids using a cutinase enzyme (Rcut) derived from bacteria. Rcut was immobilized on methacrylate divinylbenzene beads and used to synthesize isoamyl acetate, butyrate, hexanoate, octanoate, and decanoate.

Hypofractionated Partial Breast Irradiation With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy in Early Breast Cancer or Carcinoma : An Investigational Short-Term Analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the treatment outcomes and adverse effects of moderately hypofractionated partial breast irradiation (PBI) in patients with early breast cancer.

Methods: In total, 473 patients with early breast cancer or carcinoma were diagnosed with Tis or T1N0 disease and underwent PBI following breast-conserving surgery. All histologic tumor types, close surgical margins within 1 mm of the tumor, and multifocal tumors were included in this study.

A randomized controlled trial using surgical gloves to prevent chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy by paclitaxel in breast cancer patients (AIUR trial).

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common adverse effect of taxane treatment and can significantly affect patient quality of life. Currently, there are no effective treatments to alleviate symptoms of CIPN; thus, starting with prevention steps in high-risk patients is considered advantageous. However, for these prevention steps to be applicable to all patients, their side effects or accompanying discomforts should be minimal, and the intervention cost-effective.

Prognostic factors after isolated ipsilateral local and regional recurrence in HER2-negative luminal breast cancer: a multi-center retrospective study.

Background: Although the incidence of isolated ipsilateral local and regional recurrence (IILRR) in human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-negative luminal breast cancer is low, it is important because of its potential risk of distant metastasis and breast cancer related mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate prognostic factor and survival of IILRR using a large multi-center cohort.

Methods: Data on patients with HER2-negative luminal breast cancer between 2005 and 2015 were retrieved.

COVID-19 Prevention Guidance and the Incidence of Febrile Neutropenia in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving TAC Chemotherapy with Prophylactic Pegfilgrastim.

Chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) is a medical emergency that causes severe adverse effects and death. Respiratory infections are one of the main causes of fever in patients with FN. We studied whether infection prevention and control (IPC) guidance for coronavirus 2019 disease reduced the incidence of FN.

Quality Assessment and Trend for Breast Cancer Treatment Practice across South Korea Based on Nationwide Analysis of Korean Health Insurance Data during 2013-2017.

Purpose: Quality assessment of breast cancer treatment in South Korea showed the upward standardization of the grade since 2013, but treatment disparities still have existed. This study analyzed the five year trend between 2013 and 2017 in the assessment of breast cancer treatment practice using the Korean health insurance data.

Materials And Methods: All the medical records including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy for 7,354 patients a year on average were evaluated.

Effects of Ruxolitinib and Calcitriol Combination Treatment on Various Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer.

The anticancer effects of ruxolitinib and calcitriol against breast cancer were reported previously. However, the effect of ruxolitinib and calcitriol combination treatment on various molecular subtypes of breast cancer remains unexplored. In this study, we used MCF-7, SKBR3, and MDA-MB-468 cells to investigate the effect of ruxolitinib and calcitriol combination treatment on cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and cell signaling markers, in vitro and in vivo.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Diagnosis and Surgery of Breast Cancer: A Multi-Institutional Study.

Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted the rates of screening, case identification, and referral for cancer diagnosis. We investigated the diagnosis and surgery status of breast cancer before and after the COVID-19 pandemic at a multi-institutional level.

Methods: We collected breast cancer data from the clinical data warehouse which contained the medical records of patients from six academic institutions in South Korea.

Evaluating the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with ypT0-1 rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy (ACTx) is recommended in rectal cancer patients after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT), but its efficacy in patients in the early post-surgical stage who have a favorable prognosis is controversial.

Aim: To evaluate the long-term survival benefit of ACTx in patients with ypT0-1 rectal cancer after PCRT and surgical resection.

Methods: We identified rectal cancer patients who underwent PCRT followed by surgical resection at the Asan Medical Center from 2005 to 2014.

Nomogram for the Prediction of Biochemical Incomplete Response in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients.

Purpose: To develop a nomogram for predicting biochemical incomplete response (BIR) in the dynamic risk stratification (DRS) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients without structural recurrence, and to investigate its validity.

Patients And Methods: Overall, 1705 (1005 and 700 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively) PTC patients treated with total thyroidectomy without structural recurrence were included. multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the significant predictors of BIR in the training cohort.

Intermuscular fat density as a novel prognostic factor in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Body composition, including sarcopenia and fat parameters, has received much attention as a prognostic factor in breast cancer.

Methods: A total of 479 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery and received adjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. Body composition, including the index and density of skeletal muscle, visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, and intermuscular fat calculated by CT scan, was used as a prognostic factor.

[Evaluation of Post-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Pathologic Complete Response and Residual Tumor Size of Breast Cancer: Analysis on Accuracy of MRI and Affecting Factors].

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of MRI in predicting the pathological complete response (pCR) and the residual tumor size of breast cancer after neoadjucant chemotherapy (NAC), and to determine the factors affecting the accuarcy.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-eight breast cancer patients who underwent surgery after NAC at our center between 2010 and 2017 were included in this study. pCR was defined as the absence of invasive cancer on pathological evaluation.

Potentiation of the Anticancer Effects by Combining Docetaxel with Ku-0063794 against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Purpose: mTORC1 and mTORC2 inhibition by Ku-0063794 could confer profound anticancer effects against cancer cells because it eliminates feedback activation of Akt. Herein, we aimed to determine anticancer effects of docetaxel and Ku-0063794, individually or in combination, against breast cancer cells, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells.

Materials And Methods: MCF-7 breast cancer and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell lines for in vitro studies and mouse xenograft model for in vivo studies were used to investigate the effect of docetaxel, Ku-0063794, or their combination.

Clinical utilization of long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (pegfilgrastim) prophylaxis in breast cancer patients with adjuvant docetaxel-cyclophosphamide chemotherapy.

Purpose: Treatment with 4 cycles of docetaxel and cyclophosphamide (TC) in the adjuvant setting is associated with better outcomes than treatment with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC). However, Western guidelines have indicated that TC confers a high risk (>20%) of febrile neutropenia (FN), while AC confers an intermediate risk (10%-20%) of FN. Threrefore, we evaluated the incidence of FN and the clinical utilization of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis after adjuvant TC chemotherapy.

Incidence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Implications of Delayed Hypoparathyroidism on Postoperative Day two Following Total Thyroidectomy for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence rates, risk factors, and clinical implications of delayed hypoparathyroidism on postoperative day 2 (POD-2) after total thyroidectomy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Methods: This study included 410 patients with normal serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and calcium levels on postoperative day 1 (POD-1) who were classified into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of delayed hypoparathyroidism on POD-2.

Results: Of the 410 patients, 98 experienced delayed hypoparathyroidism on POD-2 (23.

Causal Attributions and Quality of Life of Korean Breast Cancer Survivors.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was threefold: to explore the causal attributions of breast cancer, examine underlying factors of the attributes, and determine their relationship to quality of life among Korean breast cancer survivors.

Methods: The study used a descriptive correlational design, which included quantitative survey questionnaires and an open-ended question to complement the study. Three hundred and three breast cancer survivors were recruited from two university hospitals in South Korea, between January and April 2018.

Clinical Impact of Primary Prophylactic Pegfilgrastim in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant Docetaxel-Doxorubicin-Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy.

Purpose: The regimen including concurrent docetaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (TAC) has been categorized as an important risk factor for febrile neutropenia (FN). This comparative study examined the clinical impact of long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (pegfilgrastim) during adjuvant TAC chemotherapy in Korean patients with advanced breast cancer.

Methods: We analyzed data from 239 patients who received 6 cycles of adjuvant TAC chemotherapy.

Clinical Implications of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status after 5-Year Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Late Recurrence of Hormone Receptor-positive Breast Cancer.

Purpose: The prognostic implications of serum vitamin D status after a 5-year adjuvant endocrine therapy on the risk of late recurrence among hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer patients remain unclear. Hence, we investigated this among Korean HR-positive breast cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 455 patients with HR-positive stage I-III invasive breast cancer who underwent curative surgery at St.

Relative Survival Benefit by Hormonal Receptor Status of Adding Trastuzumab to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) involving trastuzumab markedly increases pathologic complete response (pCR) rates in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer. Despite increasing pCR rates, long-term survival gains are controversial owing to distinctive biologic behavior mediated by the presence of hormonal receptors (HRs) that may interact with HER2 receptors. We, therefore, investigated the differences in relative survival gain provided by neoadjuvant trastuzumab-based chemotherapy on HR positive (HR+) status of patients.

Correction: βPix-d promotes tubulin acetylation and neurite outgrowth through a PAK/Stathmin1 signaling pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

βPix-d promotes tubulin acetylation and neurite outgrowth through a PAK/Stathmin1 signaling pathway.

Microtubules are a major cytoskeletal component of neurites, and the regulation of microtubule stability is essential for neurite morphogenesis. βPix (ARHGEF7) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42, which modulate the organization of actin filaments and microtubules. βPix is expressed as alternatively spliced variants, including the ubiquitous isoform βPix-a and the neuronal isoforms βPix-b and βPix-d, but the function of the neuronal isoforms remains unclear.

Volume replacement with diced acellular dermal matrix in oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery: a prospective single-center experience.

Background: Several studies have reported the use of acellular dermal matrix in breast reconstruction. However, the primary role of acellular dermal matrix in these studies was to support the implant; there are no reports on the use of acellular dermal matrix exclusively as volume replacement. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of filling of the defect with acellular dermal matrix in oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery.